[Pages H6676-H6716]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]

FOREIGN OPERATIONS, EXPORT FINANCING, AND RELATED PROGRAMS
APPROPRIATIONS ACT, 2000

The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Gillmor). Pursuant to House Resolution
263 and rule XVIII, the Chair declares the House in the Committee of
the Whole House on the State of the Union for the further consideration
of the bill, H.R. 2606.

{time} 1937

In the Committee of the Whole

Accordingly, the House resolved itself into the Committee of the
Whole House on the State of the Union for the further consideration of
the bill (H.R. 2606) making appropriations for foreign operations,
export financing, and related programs for the fiscal year ending
September 30, 2000, and for other purposes, with Mr. Thornberry in the
chair.

[[Page H6677]]

The Clerk read the title of the bill.
The CHAIRMAN. When the Committee of the Whole rose earlier today,
Amendment No. 2 printed in part A of House report 106-269 by the
gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Greenwood) had been disposed of.
The Clerk will read.
The Clerk read as follows:

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of
the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the
following sums are appropriated, out of any money in the
Treasury not otherwise appropriated, for the fiscal year
ending September 30, 2000, and for other purposes, namely:

TITLE I--EXPORT AND INVESTMENT ASSISTANCE

export-import bank of the united states

The Export-Import Bank of the United States is authorized
to make such expenditures within the limits of funds and
borrowing authority available to such corporation, and in
accordance with law, and to make such contracts and
commitments without regard to fiscal year limitations, as
provided by section 104 of the Government Corporation Control
Act, as may be necessary in carrying out the program for the
current fiscal year for such corporation: Provided, That none
of the funds available during the current fiscal year may be
used to make expenditures, contracts, or commitments for the
export of nuclear equipment, fuel, or technology to any
country other than a nuclear-weapon state as defined in
Article IX of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear
Weapons eligible to receive economic or military assistance
under this Act that has detonated a nuclear explosive after
the date of enactment of this Act.

subsidy appropriation

For the cost of direct loans, loan guarantees, insurance,
and tied-aid grants as authorized by section 10 of the
Export-Import Bank Act of 1945, as amended, $759,000,000 to
remain available until September 30, 2003: Provided, That
such costs, including the cost of modifying such loans, shall
be as defined in section 502 of the Congressional Budget Act
of 1974: Provided further, That such sums shall remain
available until September 30, 2018 for the disbursement of
direct loans, loan guarantees, insurance and tied-aid grants
obligated in fiscal years 2000, 2001, 2002, and 2003:
Provided further, That none of the funds appropriated by this
Act or any prior Act appropriating funds for foreign
operations, export financing, or related programs for tied-
aid credits or grants may be used for any other purpose
except through the regular notification procedures of the
Committees on Appropriations: Provided further, That funds
appropriated by this paragraph are made available
notwithstanding section 2(b)(2) of the Export Import Bank Act
of 1945, in connection with the purchase or lease of any
product by any East European country, any Baltic State or any
agency or national thereof.

administrative expenses

For administrative expenses to carry out the direct and
guaranteed loan and insurance programs (to be computed on an
accrual basis), including hire of passenger motor vehicles
and services as authorized by 5 U.S.C. 3109, and not to
exceed $25,000 for official reception and representation
expenses for members of the Board of Directors, $55,000,000:
Provided, That necessary expenses (including special services
performed on a contract or fee basis, but not including other
personal services) in connection with the collection of
moneys owed the Export-Import Bank, repossession or sale of
pledged collateral or other assets acquired by the Export-
Import Bank in satisfaction of moneys owed the Export-Import
Bank, or the investigation or appraisal of any property, or
the evaluation of the legal or technical aspects of any
transaction for which an application for a loan, guarantee or
insurance commitment has been made, shall be considered
nonadministrative expenses for the purposes of this heading:
Provided further, That, notwithstanding subsection (b) of
section 117 of the Export Enhancement Act of 1992, subsection
(a) thereof shall remain in effect until October 1, 2000.

overseas private investment corporation

noncredit account

The Overseas Private Investment Corporation is authorized
to make, without regard to fiscal year limitations, as
provided by 31 U.S.C. 9104, such expenditures and commitments
within the limits of funds available to it and in accordance
with law as may be necessary: Provided, That the amount
available for administrative expenses to carry out the credit
and insurance programs (including an amount for official
reception and representation expenses which shall not exceed
$35,000) shall not exceed $35,000,000: Provided further, That
project-specific transaction costs, including direct and
indirect costs incurred in claims settlements, and other
direct costs associated with services provided to specific
investors or potential investors pursuant to section 234 of
the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, shall not be considered
administrative expenses for the purposes of this heading.

Amendment Offered by Mr. Smith of New Jersey

Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment.
The Clerk read as follows:

Amendment offered by Mr. Smith of New Jersey:
Page 3, line 25, after the dollar amount insert ``(reduced
by $10,000,000)''.
Page 4, line 25, after the dollar amount insert ``(reduced
by $10,000,000)''.
Page 23, line 5, after the dollar amount insert
``(increased by $20,000,000)''.

Mr. SMITH of New Jersey (during the reading). Mr. Chairman, I ask
unanimous consent that the amendment be considered as having been read.
The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from
New Jersey?
There was no objection.
Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Chairman, I am offering this amendment
to try to increase the amount of money in the refugee account. As I
think my colleagues know, I chair the Subcommittee on International
Operations and Human Rights. Just a few days ago we passed legislation
that significantly enhanced the money provided for refugee protection,
some $750 million. My amendment today, regrettably, does not even come
close to realizing that.
I understand that the gentleman from Alabama (Mr. Callahan), my good
friend and colleague, has an enormous difficulty with the budget
constraints in providing the necessary funds. But this amendment--and I
will be withdrawing it, but reluctantly--has the support of all of the
major refugee organizations, including the Catholic Conference, the
Council on Jewish Federations, Church World Services, U.S. Committee
for Refugees, and others. But my hope is, and I would ask the
distinguished chairman if he could at least try, when conference does
occur, to try to restore this $20 million to the migration and refugee
account. I do have every confidence he will make every effort.
Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. I yield to the gentleman from Alabama.
Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, we will be happy to look at it in
conference to see if we cannot increase the assistance to refugees.
Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Chairman, I thank the distinguished
chairman.
Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent to withdraw my amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from
New Jersey?
There was no objection.
The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will read.
The Clerk read as follows:

program account

For the cost of direct and guaranteed loans, $20,500,000,
as authorized by section 234 of the Foreign Assistance Act of
1961 to be derived by transfer from the Overseas Private
Investment Corporation Noncredit Account: Provided, That such
costs, including the cost of modifying such loans, shall be
as defined in section 502 of the Congressional Budget Act of
1974: Provided further, That such sums shall be available for
direct loan obligations and loan guaranty commitments
incurred or made during fiscal years 2000 and 2001: Provided
further, That such sums shall remain available through fiscal
year 2008 for the disbursement of direct and guaranteed loans
obligated in fiscal year 2000, and through fiscal year 2009
for the disbursement of direct and guaranteed loans obligated
in fiscal year 2001: Provided further, That in addition, such
sums as may be necessary for administrative expenses to carry
out the credit program may be derived from amounts available
for administrative expenses to carry out the credit and
insurance programs in the Overseas Private Investment
Corporation Noncredit Account and merged with said account:
Provided further, That funds made available under this
heading or in prior appropriations Acts that are available
for the cost of financing under section 234 of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961, shall be available for purposes of
section 234(g) of such Act, to remain available until
expended.

Funds Appropriated to the President

trade and development agency

For necessary expenses to carry out the provisions of
section 661 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961,
$44,000,000, to remain available until September 30, 2001:
Provided, That the Trade and Development Agency may receive
reimbursements from corporations and other entities for the
costs of grants for feasibility studies and other project
planning services, to be deposited as an offsetting
collection to this account and to be available for obligation
until September 30, 2001, for necessary expenses under this
paragraph: Provided further, That such reimbursements shall
not cover, or be allocated against, direct or indirect
administrative costs of the agency.

TITLE II--BILATERAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE

Funds Appropriated to the President

For expenses necessary to enable the President to carry out
the provisions of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, and for
other

[[Page H6678]]

purposes, to remain available until September 30, 2000,
unless otherwise specified herein, as follows:

agency for international development

child survival and disease programs fund

For necessary expenses to carry out the provisions of
chapters 1 and 10 of part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of
1961, for child survival, basic education, assistance to
combat tropical and other diseases, and related activities,
in addition to funds otherwise available for such purposes,
$680,000,000, to remain available until expended: Provided,
That this amount shall be made available for such activities
as: (1) immunization programs; (2) oral rehydration programs;
(3) health and nutrition programs, and related education
programs, which address the needs of mothers and children;
(4) water and sanitation programs; (5) assistance for
displaced and orphaned children; (6) programs for the
prevention, treatment, and control of, and research on,
tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, polio, malaria and other diseases;
and (7) up to $98,000,000 for basic education programs for
children: Provided further, That none of the funds
appropriated under this heading may be made available for
nonproject assistance for health and child survival programs,
except that funds may be made available for such assistance
for ongoing health programs.

Amendment Offered by Mr. Brown of Ohio

Mr. BROWN of Ohio. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment.
The Clerk read as follows:

Amendment offered by Mr. Brown of Ohio:
Page 7, line 10, after the dollar amount, insert the
following: ``(increased by $5,000,000)''.
Page 27, line 6, after the first dollar amount, insert the
following: ``(reduced by $5,000,000)''.

Mr. BROWN of Ohio. Mr. Chairman, I ask for my colleagues' support for
this amendment which I introduced with my distinguished colleague from
Maryland (Mrs. Morella). I also especially want to thank both the
gentleman from Alabama (Mr. Callahan), the chairman of the
subcommittee, and the gentlewoman from California (Ms. Pelosi), the
ranking member, for their untiring devotion on this issue this evening
and consistently over their careers to eradicating infectious diseases
and alleviating global poverty.
Mr. Chairman, even though tuberculosis is an easily preventable and
curable disease, it is one of the leading infectious killers in the
world. The World Health Organization estimates that if left unchecked,
TB could kill more than 70 million people around the world in the next
2 decades, while simultaneously infecting nearly 1 billion more.
Mr. Chairman, TB is already the leading killer of HIV positive
individuals. It kills more women than any other cause of maternal
mortality. TB remains a vicious killer, despite the fact that this
disease is both preventable and curable. In fact, TB will kill more
people this year than any other year in history.
This amendment is simple and straightforward. It would reduce fiscal
year 2000 funding for the International Military Education and Training
Program from $50 million to $45 million, and increase fiscal year 2000
Child Survival and Disease funding from $680 to $685 million.
Mr. Chairman, it is our intent that this $5 million will be added to
TB prevention and treatment programs, which are woefully underfunded at
$30 million, $20 million less than the government plans to spend on
training foreign military officials in the United States.
The WHO has warned that poorly managed TB treatment programs, caused
by a lack of sufficient funding, are causing drug-resistant strains of
tuberculosis to emerge which, in all likelihood, would render TB
incurable.
Inadequate funding for TB programs in many countries, because the
proper series of boosters are not administered, is creating a super
strain of the virus that does not respond to treatment.

{time} 1945

Already 50 million people are estimated to be infected with multi-
drug-resistant TB. It can be spread just by coughing, and with
international travel, none of us is safe from it.
Even in the U.S. and other industrialized nations, this super strain
of tuberculosis kills half of the people infected. That is a national
security concern. We can predict a coming plague, and are doing, for
all intents and purposes, almost nothing to stop it.
Internationally, TB is a huge economic and social drain on economies.
It kills 2 to 3 million adults. It plunges families into poverty and
orphans millions of children.
Gro Brundtland, the Director General of the WHO, has said, ``Our
greatest challenges in controlling tuberculosis are political rather
than medical.''
The World Health Organization has further stated that we are at ``a
crossroads in TB control.'' It can be a future of expanded use of
effective treatment and the reversal of this epidemic, or it can be a
future in which multi-drug-resistent TB increases, millions more die,
and millions become ill.
Mr. Chairman, this amendment is an important step in our efforts to
once and for all consign tuberculosis to the same trash heap as other
eradicated diseases, like smallpox. While this bill contains $30
million to fight TB in the coming year, thanks in large part to the
leadership of the gentleman from Alabama (Mr. Callahan) and the
gentlewoman from California (Ms. Pelosi), this amount is not enough to
control one of our planet's greatest killers.
The Brown-Morella amendment will boost tuberculosis prevention
funding and treatment funding by nearly 17 percent, and sends a message
to the most desperate people in the world that we hear their plight and
we will come to their assistance.
I urge its adoption.
Mrs. MORELLA. Mr. Chairman, I rise in support of the modified Brown-
Morella amendment to increase funding for combatting tuberculosis. I
want to particularly thank the gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Brown) for
initiating this amendment, and I am very honored to join with him in
presenting it.
I also want to comment on the fact that the gentleman from Alabama
(Chairman Callahan) and the ranking member, the gentlewoman from
California (Ms. Pelosi), have worked very hard in this area, on this
particular bill.
I do not know how many of us are aware that even though tuberculosis
is an easily preventable and 100 percent curable disease, that it has
become the leading infectious killer in the world, accounting for more
than 3 million deaths per year. More than one-third of the world's
population is infected with TB.
It is the leading killer of women, surpassing all causes of maternal
mortality and creating more orphaned children than any other infectious
disease. TB is the leading killer of HIV-positive individuals, causing
over 30 percent of AIDS deaths. TB already kills more people than AIDS,
malaria, and tropical disease combined, and it will kill more people
this year than any year in history.
While TB is a particularly serious threat abroad, it is also a major
public health concern at home. Perhaps no infectious disease is as
extensive and as devastating as TB. Every year, in addition to the
deaths from TB of 3 million people, 8 million become sick and at least
30 million become infected globally. TB is the leading infectious
killer of youth and adults in the world, and it devastates the incomes
and the futures of millions of families at the same time.
As the number of TB cases has increased, a multi-drug-resistant form
has emerged that poses a major public health threat in the United
States and around the world. In fact, if this development is allowed to
go unchecked, it threatens to make TB incurable again.
Here in the United States, 15 million people carry TB bacteria,
although these people are not ill. TB is highly contagious, and with
the increase in global travel and migration, it is not possible to
eliminate TB in the United States if it is allowed to spread unchecked
in other parts of the world.
The funding increase which we propose will strengthen our efforts to
combat the spread of this deadly disease. I certainly want to thank the
chairman, the gentleman from Alabama (Mr. Callahan), and the ranking
member, the gentlewoman from California (Ms. Pelosi), for considering
this amendment.
(Mr. BEREUTER asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Chairman, I rise in opposition to this amendment.
Mr. Chairman, as the vice chairman of the Committee on International
Relations, I rise in very strong opposition to the amendment offered by
the gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Brown) and the gentlewoman from Maryland
(Mrs. Morella). These are people that I

[[Page H6679]]

truly respect and appreciate, and nothing could detract from the value
of what they are trying to do, except from where they are taking the
money.
Not one word was said about the reduction of the $10 million, now $5
million, in the IMET fund. I am surprised, actually, at my colleague,
the gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Brown) on the Committee on International
Relations, because I know that he understands how important this money
is.
I would say that this is the best money that the Defense Department
spends when it comes to foreign policy, and it probably ranks up there
on the top of what we spend in any department for impacting foreign
policy favorable to the United States of America. I really hate to see
the money taken from this account.
Mr. Chairman, the bill before us actually freezes the IMET account at
last year's level of $50 million, which of course in real dollars
represents a cut. The administration had requested a $2 million
increase.
Secretary Perry, our former Secretary, felt so strongly about the
impact of IMET he came up to the Hill and devoted an entire breakfast
speech before Members of the House supporting additional funds for
IMET, and certainly Secretary Cohen feels the same way about it. I just
think this is a very, very unfortunate place to take the money. As I
said, not one word is mentioned where the money is being taken from for
a very valuable purpose that our colleagues are suggesting.
IMET encourages mutually beneficial relations and increases the
understanding between the United States and foreign countries in
furtherance of the goals of peace and security. Furthermore, IMET
increases the awareness of nationals of foreign countries through
courses that foster greater respect for and understanding of the
principles of civilian control of the military, and contributes to
improved military justice systems and procedures in accordance with
internationally recognized human rights.
Indeed, we are fortunate that so many formerly authoritarian
countries are transitioning to democracies. As a result, there is an
even greater need for IMET type programs which help support and
accelerate positive military forms. Unfortunately, due to our own
budgetary constraints, we cannot expand IMET to meet the demand. We
certainly should not cut it further. IMET programs are modest.
For example, the United States provided $425,000 in IMET funding to
Mongolia last year. Mongolia is an often overlooked success story. Less
than a decade ago it was a closed Soviet satellite with its military
directly linked to Soviet command structure. Today Mongolia is a
successful democracy and partner of the United States.
However, just as the Mongolian political system has undergone radical
positive changes in its transformation from a Communist Soviet
satellite, so, too, must Mongolia's military. IMET is a very modest but
successful program that, for example, aids the Mongolian military in
this challenging transition.
The effectiveness of this program would be severely undercut if it
were to incur the kinds of cuts, even small by some people's
indication, but it is one-tenth of the money that is proposed by the
Brown-Morella amendment.
Mr. Chairman, this Member is sympathetic, of course, to the concerns
and the places where they would spend the money. However, given the
budget allocations for the bill, the Subcommittee on Foreign
Operations, Export Financing and Related Programs of the Committee on
Appropriations has done a very responsible and commendable job of
carefully balancing the allocation of scarce funds.
Given the needs and successes of the IMET program, this Member is
opposed to any further cuts like this one, especially this 10 percent
cut, and supports the careful balance of the bill. I urge rejection of
the Brown-Morella amendment.
Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the last word.
Mr. Chairman, we accept the amendment.
Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the requisite number of
words.
Mr. Chairman, we concur with the acceptance of our distinguished
chairman, and commend the gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Brown) and the
gentlewoman from Maryland (Mrs. Morella) for their leadership on this
amendment.
Mr. OLVER. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the requisite number of
words.
Mr. Chairman, I will not use anywhere close to the 5 minutes, because
clearly everybody is ready to move on. But I want to rise in support of
the Brown-Morella amendment, and commend the gentleman from Ohio (Mr.
Brown) and the gentlewoman from Maryland (Mrs. Morella) for bringing
this amendment forward.
We should strengthen efforts to fight worldwide diseases wherever it
is possible, and TB is one which we thought had been eradicated.
Practically, it had been eradicated within this country until suddenly
it came on the rise, in particular in relation to the HIV-AIDS crisis.
Of course, in other parts of the world TB had not been anywhere close
to eradicated. Now it is raging, as HIV-AIDS becomes more prominent in
other places. Around the world, TB does kill some 3 million people per
year, but it is particularly a major factor in AIDS deaths, in its
association with AIDS, where the degraded immune systems that are
caused by the HIV-AIDS virus end up leaving the individual particularly
vulnerable to TB. It is a particular danger to children everywhere.
In the committee report it says, ``The committee notes the threat to
the United States from this disease due to international travel and
immigration.'' So I concur in moving $10 million to the TB control as
representing a right policy for this country and for this Congress. It
will help the U.S. to stop TB from killing people around the world.
Mr. FARR of California. Mr. Chairman, I rise with reluctance to
speak, not so much against the intent of my good friend Mr. Brown's
amendment, but to make sure my colleagues know that this offset is from
another worthy program.
The $5 million that Mr. Brown would designate for tuberculosis
activities comes at the expense of a highly successful democracy
building program, the International Military Education Training
program. I am familiar with this program through the Center for Civil-
Military Relations, located in my district, that helps new democracies
strengthen civilian control of their military forces.
This program, with a proven record of successful democracy building,
helps emerging democracies learn from U.S. civilian and military
teachers why civilian leadership of their militaries will further their
democratic objectives.
The courses the Center for Civil-Military Relations teaches are
congressionally mandated: Democratic Civilian Control of Military
Forces; Human Rights; and Defense Resources Management.
The investment is modest--only slightly more than $1 million a year.
The impact is far-reaching--18 seminars a year, with approximately 50
students in each week-long seminar, teaching democratic principles to
an average of 1,000 students a year--students who are leaders in their
country, both military and civilian.
Some of the successful examples of programs the Center taught in
Fiscal Year 1999 include:
South Africa--the military leaders of South Africa asked the Center
for assistance in integrating their Department of Defense, not along
racial lines, but along civil-military lines.
Russia--the Center assisted the Russians in developing an All-
Volunteer Force concept.
Guatemala--after 3 programs involving Center staff, Guatemala has
developed Master's-level university courses on democratic civilian
control and civil-military relations.
Argentina--this country requested the Center to conduct a seminar on
democratic civilian control of military intelligence. This year the
Center will continue the dialogue by presenting a seminar on relations
between the military and the legislature.
The Center, both formally and informally, has facilitated the entry
of the Czech Republic, Poland and Hungary into NATO and continues to
facilitate the ``intellectual interoperability'' of other NATO
aspirants.
The vote before us is about tough choices.
The account designated in Mr. Brown's amendment has already received
an increase in this year's budget.
I am asking my colleagues to make a tough choice--preserve one of the
most cost-effective foreign assistance programs in the federal budget.
Oppose the Brown amendment.
Mr. FARR of California. Mr. Chairman, I rise with reluctance to
speak, not so much against the intent of my good friend Mr. Brown's
amendment, but to make sure my colleagues know that this offset is from
another worthy program.

[[Page H6680]]

The $10 million that Mr. Brown would designate for tuberculosis
activities comes at the expense of a highly successful democracy
building program.
The Center for Civil-Military Relations, located in my district,
assists new democracies strengthen civilian control of their military
forces.
Let me reiterate that this program, with a proven track record of
successful democracy building, helps emerging democracies learn from
U.S. civilian and military teachers, why civilian leadership of their
militaries will further their democratic objectives.
The courses the Center for Civil-Military Relations teaches are
congressionally mandated: Democratic Civilian Control of Military
Forces; Human Rights; and Defense Resources Management.
The investment is modest--only slightly more than $1 million a year.
And the impact is far-reaching--18 seminars a year, with
approximately 50 students in each week-long seminar, teaching
democratic principles to an average of 1,000 students a year.
Some of the successful examples of programs the Center taught in
Fiscal Year 1999 include:
South Africa--the military leaders of South Africa asked the Center
for assistance in integrating their DOD, not along racial lines, but
along civil-military lines.
Russia--the Center assisted the Russians in developing an All-
Volunteer Force concept.
Guatemala--after 3 programs involving Center staff, Guatemala has
developed Master's-level university courses on democratic civilian
control and civil-military relations.
Argentina--this country requested the Center to conduct a seminar on
democratic civilian control of military intelligence. This year the
Center will continue the dialogue by presenting a seminar on relations
between the military and the legislature.
The Center, both formally and informally, has facilitated the entry
of the Czech Republic, Poland and Hungary into NATO and continues to
facilitate the ``intellectual interoperability'' of other NATO
aspirants.
The vote before us is about tough choices.
The account designated in Mr. Brown's amendment has already received
an increase in this year's budget.
I am asking my colleagues to make a tough choice--preserve one of the
most cost-effective foreign assistance programs in the federal budget.
The CHAIRMAN. The question is on the amendment offered by the
gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Brown).
The amendment was agreed to.
Mr. McCOLLUM. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the last word.
Mr. Chairman, I would like to bring to the attention of the Committee
and particularly to our chairman, the gentleman from Alabama (Mr.
Callahan), a matter of importance to many American citizens. That is
property claims in Nicaragua.
As I know the gentleman from Alabama (Mr. Callahan) well knows and I
know many members of the committee do, Nicaragua has been the focus of
much attention recently. Last year it, along with Honduras, was hit
with Hurricane Mitch, and the United States responded with humanitarian
aid. Before that it was hit with revolution and civil war.
The United States responded positively to its turn towards democracy
earlier this decade. As a democratic nation, we ask Nicaragua to heal
the wounds of its civil war, revive its economy, and provide justice to
those victimized by the repressive policies of the 1980s, including
justice for those who had their homes, businesses, and livelihoods
taken.
In many areas, Nicaragua has made positive strides. This we applaud.
There is one area, however, in which we need to do more, and most
importantly, Nicaragua needs to do more. That is the resolution of the
property claims of American citizens. Some of these citizens have
endured lengthy legal battles to regain what was taken from them.
Nicaragua needs investment and economic development, but more than
natural disasters have hindered Nicaragua's development. Man-made
decisions have been that country's greatest impediment to economic
growth; namely, the failure of the Nicaraguan government to take the
necessary steps to provide economic security and return wrongfully
taken properties to their rightful owners.
Each year the President must determine that Nicaragua is making
progress in resolving property claims if it is to continue receiving
bilateral U.S. aid, and each year since 1994 Nicaragua has been
determined to meet the standards of U.S. law.
I raise this because existing U.S. law has not helped the claimants,
who cannot occupy their properties, or those American citizens
struggling with the obstructionism of the Nicaraguan state entity,
which has the specific responsibility to privatize state-owned
properties and enterprises. Nor does existing U.S. law help a third
class of claimants, those who have struggled through Nicaragua's court
system and won judgments against the government for its illegal
property takings.
In two cases involving 28 American claimants, the Supreme Court of
Nicaragua has ruled against the government and in favor of the
Americans. The Nicaraguan government acknowledges that it owes these
Americans. But has yet to either compensate them, as ordered by the
court, or to negotiate seriously with them on a compensation schedule.
Mr. Chairman, I would request that if the Nicaraguan government does
not resolve these cases by the time the chairman's committee considers
funding for next year, that we consider conditioning the aid to
Nicaragua on progress in resolving these claims.
Joining me in this is the gentleman from Indiana (Mr. Burton).
Mr. BURTON of Indiana. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. McCOLLUM. I yield to the gentleman from Indiana.
Mr. BURTON of Indiana. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for
yielding to me.
I would just like to say to the chairman that for the past several
years there have been commitments by the government of Nicaragua that
they would try to make restitution for what the Sandinistas took away
from people down there during the Sandinista regime. They have kind of
reneged on that. President Aleman and his administration recently has
told some of the people who have had their property stolen that the
only way they are going to get restitution was to go to court.
I know of one case where they did go to court. It was carried all the
way to the Nicaraguan Supreme Court, not once but twice. Even though
the Supreme Court agreed there should be a settlement made and gave a
monetary settlement figure, the government still would not pay these
people who had a legitimate claim, and the Supreme Court agreed with
them. They tried to convince some Members of Congress who are
interested in this that there was corruption at the Supreme Court in
order to try to sidestep their responsibility.
So I join my colleague, the gentleman from Florida, in saying that I
hope that he as chairman will send a very strong message to President
Aleman and the government of Nicaragua that they should make proper
restitution to these people, and adhere to their own Supreme Court's
decisions.
Mr. McCOLLUM. If they do not, if I may reclaim my time, I would hope
that the chairman would consider next year making some conditions in
the next appropriations cycle if they do not pay these claims.

{time} 2000

Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I share the concerns of the gentleman
from Florida (Mr. McCollum), and I certainly want to do that. I imagine
next year or the year after next President Aleman will certainly
recognize that, if something is not done, that then Senator McCollum
will force it upon him. I think he will recognize the political danger
he has in denying American investors their due rights.
So we certainly will work with the gentleman from Indiana to continue
to insist that the Nicaraguan government acts more promptly to ensure
that these American investors are compensated accordingly.
Mr. BURTON of Indiana. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman from Florida
yield?
Mr. McCOLLUM. I yield to the gentleman from Indiana.
Mr. BURTON of Indiana. Mr. Chairman, I would like to say to the
gentleman I really appreciate that, and I hope that President Aleman
and his finance minister heard what the chairman said tonight; and that
is, if they do not start doing what they have said they would do, that
the chairman would take this into consideration next year when the
appropriations process takes place.

[[Page H6681]]

Mr. McCOLLUM. Mr. Chairman, reclaiming my time, I echo that. I want
to thank the gentleman from Alabama (Chairman Callahan) for his words
to encourage that right action by the government in Nicaragua. It has
been long overdue. We really do need something to move here. There is
something wrong. It should have happened long before now.

Amendment Offered By Ms. Jackson-Lee of Texas

Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment.
The Clerk read as follows:

Amendment offered by Ms. Jackson-Lee of Texas:
Page 7, line 10, after the dollar amount insert
``(increased by $10,000,000)''.
Page 7, line 25, add at the end before the period the
following: ``: Provided further, That of the funds
appropriated under this heading, $25,000,000 shall be made
available for assistance for prevention and treatment of HIV/
AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa''.

Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I reserve a point of order on the
amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Alabama reserves a point of order.
Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. Chairman, first of all, I want to
acknowledge the chairman and ranking member of the committee for their
leadership and for their perseverance on an issue that has been with us
for a long time but has risen to the level of immense devastation in
sub-Saharan Africa, and as we have learned over the past months and
years, moving to India and China as the next locations of this
devastation of HIV/AIDS.
I also recognize that we are constrained by the limits of the
appropriations process. I think it is disappointing that we are in this
very large Nation relegated to allocating 1 percent of our budget to
foreign aid, in particular when the American people would be willing to
give more.
But I rise to offer this amendment to H.R. 2606, to increase funding
by $25 million and direct this funding to address the issue of HIV/AIDS
in sub-Saharan Africa. With 33 million infected people in the world,
22.5 million in sub-Saharan Africa, it is clear that we must dedicate
money directly to sub-Saharan Africa although we have identified and
appropriated monies for global prevention and reduction programs.
Of the 5.8 million adults and children newly infected with HIV during
1998, 4 million live in sub-Saharan Africa. AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa
is a growing disaster. UNAIDS has declared HIV/AIDS in Africa an
epidemic out of control. Each and every day, Mr. Chairman, more than
16,000 additional people become HIV positive; and most live in sub-
Saharan Africa where, in South Africa alone, 1,500 people become HIV
positive each day.
Among children under 15, the proportion is 9 out of 10, and the
amendment would speak to dealing with children's diseases. To date, 83
percent of all AIDS deaths have been in the region; and at least 95
percent of all AIDS orphans have been in Africa. It is estimated that,
by the year 2010, AIDS will orphan more than 40 million children, with
95 percent in sub-Saharan Africa.
I have seen firsthand the impact of the HIV/AIDS pandemic in Africa.
My participation as part of the Presidential Mission solidified my
position that our foreign policy with Africa must include the
realization that Africa is struggling with the AIDS devastation and
must provide additional AIDS prevention funding as well as funds to
deal with the large numbers of children whose family members have died
from this merciless killer. As we move into the 21st Century, we must
realize that AIDS will have a tremendous impact on the continent of
Africa, as well as the world.
I am gratified this House passed the African Growth and Opportunities
Act. In that trade bill, there was acknowledgment of the impact of AIDS
on the economy of Africa. The AIDS epidemic quickly transcends simply a
health issue. It is quickly becoming a detriment to economic growth.
According to the Economist, a recent study in Namibia estimated that
AIDS costs the country almost 8 percent of GNP in 1996. Another
analysis predicts that Kenya's GNP will be 14.5 percent smaller in 2005
than it would have been without AIDS and the per capital income will be
10 percent lower. A report released by the World Bank begged the
questions, will this pandemic destroy the developing Nation's hard-
earned economic gains, or will governments get their act together in
time? Clearly time is running out.
As I said as I began my statement in explanation of this amendment I
wish to offer, I do appreciate the great strides that the Committee on
Appropriations has made, particularly this subcommittee, and the
leadership of the committee.
But there are no boundaries to the effects of this epidemic. A South
African anti-crime institute has linked the growing number of children
orphaned by AIDS to future increases in crime and civil unrest. Without
appropriate intervention, many of the 2 million children projected to
be orphaned by AIDS in South Africa will raise themselves on the
streets, often turning to crime, drugs, commercial sex, and gangs for
survival and, sadly, increasing their risk of AIDS.
While in Africa, I visited St. Anthony's compound in Zambia where
many affected families were headed by grandparents who were caring for
their grandchildren, orphaned by the disease.
The AIDS epidemic has been labeled by some in the medical community
as a disease equal to the plagues of earlier times. This is most
disconcerting, but it is not hopeless. We have the power to fix this.
Uganda is out front in developing policies to combat the AIDS
epidemic. They have enacted various education and AIDS programs. The
U.S. invested the $40 million in HIV prevention in Uganda, and HIV
rates among pregnant women dropped from 30 percent in 1991 to 15
percent in 1995 to 8 percent in 1998.
I would ask my colleagues, although a point of order has been
reserved, to consider the need that we have. If we cannot move forward
on this amendment, I would certainly hope that we might have the
opportunity to look at this question as we move in the appropriations
process in future years, and I will work with my colleagues to solve
and to bring to an end this terrible devastation.
The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman from Alabama (Mr. Callahan) continue
to reserve his point of order?
Mr. CALLAHAN. Yes, Mr. Chairman.
Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Chairman, I rise in opposition to the amendment.
(Mr. BEREUTER asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Chairman, I rise in opposition to the amendment
but, again, the proposed use of funds by the gentlewoman from Texas
(Ms. Jackson-Lee) is entirely salutary and commendable.
I spoke a few minutes ago against the Brown-Morella amendment because
it was taking money out of the IMET program, the same IMET program that
provides training to the military officers and men of the reserves that
the gentlewoman from Texas mentioned and to South Africa where they are
trying to encourage promotion of black officers in the South African
military.
I just want my colleagues to know that the IMET fund is a not a slush
fund that can be drawn down or slashed from for every good purpose. I
will energetically do what I can to keep the conference from reducing
the IMET funds because it is so valuable.
I stipulate all my arguments that I gave on the Morella-Brown
amendment to also apply as here on the amendment by the distinguished
gentlewoman from Texas.
Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the last word.
Mr. Chairman, I am hopeful that the gentlewoman from Texas (Ms.
Jackson-Lee) will withdraw her amendment before I insist on a point of
order.
Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. CALLAHAN. I yield to the gentlewoman from Texas.
Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. Chairman, as I noted in my remarks, I
am appreciative of the work that has been done by this committee.
I feel compelled and committed to raise this issue as often as we
can. I would hope that this amendment could have been made in order.
I will now withdraw the amendment and hope and look forward to
working with my colleagues, one, to increase the amount of foreign aid
that we give; and then, two, to be able, then, to add more dollars to
what I consider one of

[[Page H6682]]

the major epidemics, pandemics that we have facing us today.
The CHAIRMAN. Without objection, the amendment is withdrawn.
There was no objection.
The Clerk will read.
The Clerk read as follows:

development assistance

(including transfer of funds)

For necessary expenses to carry out the provisions of
sections 103 through 106, and chapter 10 of part I of the
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, title V of the International
Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1980 (Public Law
96-533) and the provisions of section 401 of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1969, $1,201,000,000, to remain available
until September 30, 2001: Provided, That of the amount
appropriated under this heading, up to $5,000,000 may be made
available for and apportioned directly to the Inter-American
Foundation: Provided further, That of the amount appropriated
under this heading, up to $14,400,000 may be made available
for the African Development Foundation and shall be
apportioned directly to that agency: Provided further, That
none of the funds made available in this Act nor any
unobligated balances from prior appropriations may be made
available to any organization or program which, as determined
by the President of the United States, supports or
participates in the management of a program of coercive
abortion or involuntary sterilization: Provided further, That
none of the funds made available under this heading may be
used to pay for the performance of abortion as a method of
family planning or to motivate or coerce any person to
practice abortions; and that in order to reduce reliance on
abortion in developing nations, funds shall be available only
to voluntary family planning projects which offer, either
directly or through referral to, or information about access
to, a broad range of family planning methods and services,
and that any such voluntary family planning project shall
meet the following requirements: (1) service providers or
referral agents in the project shall not implement or be
subject to quotas, or other numerical targets, of total
number of births, number of family planning acceptors, or
acceptors of a particular method of family planning (this
provision shall not be construed to include the use of
quantitative estimates or indicators for budgeting and
planning purposes), (2) the project shall not include payment
of incentives, bribes, gratuities, or financial reward to (A)
an individual in exchange for becoming a family planning
acceptor, or (B) program personnel for achieving a numerical
target or quota of total number of births, number of family
planning acceptors, or acceptors of a particular method of
family planning, (3) the project shall not deny any right or
benefit, including the right of access to participate in any
program of general welfare or the right of access to health
care, as a consequence of any individual's decision not to
accept family planning services, (4) the project shall
provide family planning acceptors comprehensible information
on the health benefits and risks of the method chosen,
including those conditions that might render the use of the
method inadvisable and those adverse side effects known to be
consequent to the use of the method, (5) the project shall
ensure that experimental contraceptive drugs and devices and
medical procedures are provided only in the context of a
scientific study in which participants are advised of
potential risks and benefits; and, not less than 60 days
after the date on which the Administrator of the United
States Agency for International Development determines that
there has been a violation of the requirements contained in
paragraph (1), (2), (3), or (5) of this proviso, or a pattern
or practice of violations of the requirements contained in
paragraph (4) of this proviso, the Administrator shall submit
to the Committee on International Relations and the Committee
on Appropriations of the House of Representatives and to the
Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on
Appropriations of the Senate, a report containing a
description of such violation and the corrective action taken
by the Agency: Provided further, That in awarding grants for
natural family planning under section 104 of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961 no applicant shall be discriminated
against because of such applicant's religious or
conscientious commitment to offer only natural family
planning; and, additionally, all such applicants shall comply
with the requirements of the previous proviso: Provided
further, That for purposes of this or any other Act
authorizing or appropriating funds for foreign operations,
export financing, and related programs, the term
``motivate'', as it relates to family planning assistance,
shall not be construed to prohibit the provision, consistent
with local law, of information or counseling about all
pregnancy options: Provided further, That nothing in this
paragraph shall be construed to alter any existing statutory
prohibitions against abortion under section 104 of the
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961: Provided further, That,
notwithstanding section 109 of the Foreign Assistance Act of
1961, of the funds appropriated under this heading in this
Act, and of the unobligated balances of funds previously
appropriated under this heading, $2,500,000 may be
transferred to ``International Organizations and Programs''
for a contribution to the International Fund for Agricultural
Development (IFAD): Provided further, That none of the funds
appropriated under this heading may be made available for any
activity which is in contravention to the Convention on
International Trade in Endangered Species of Flora and Fauna
(CITES): Provided further, That, of the funds made available
by this Act for the ``Microenterprise Initiative'' (including
any local currencies made available for the purposes of the
Initiative), not less than 50 percent of the funds used for
microcredit should be made available for support of programs
providing loans of less than $300 to very poor people,
particularly women, or for institutional support of
organizations primarily engaged in making such loans.

private and voluntary organizations

None of the funds appropriated or otherwise made available
by this Act for development assistance may be made available
to any United States private and voluntary organization,
except any cooperative development organization, which
obtains less than 20 percent of its total annual funding for
international activities from sources other than the United
States Government: Provided, That the Administrator of the
Agency for International Development may, on a case-by-case
basis, waive the restriction contained in this paragraph,
after taking into account the effectiveness of the overseas
development activities of the organization, its level of
volunteer support, its financial viability and stability, and
the degree of its dependence for its financial support on the
agency.
Funds appropriated or otherwise made available under title
II of this Act should be made available to private and
voluntary organizations at a level which is at least
equivalent to the level provided in fiscal year 1995.

international disaster assistance

For necessary expenses for international disaster relief,
rehabilitation, and reconstruction assistance pursuant to
section 491 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as
amended, $200,880,000, to remain available until expended:
Provided, That of the funds appropriated under this heading,
not more than $35,000,000 shall be made available for
activities carried out by the Office of Transition
Initiatives, except that this amount may be exceeded subject
to the regular notification procedures of the Committees on
Appropriations.

micro and small enterprise development program account

For the cost of direct loans and loan guarantees,
$1,500,000, as authorized by section 108 of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961, as amended: Provided, That such costs
shall be as defined in section 502 of the Congressional
Budget Act of 1974: Provided further, That guarantees of
loans made under this heading in support of microenterprise
activities may guarantee up to 70 percent of the principal
amount of any such loans notwithstanding section 108 of the
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961. In addition, for
administrative expenses to carry out programs under this
heading, $500,000, all of which may be transferred to and
merged with the appropriation for Operating Expenses of the
Agency for International Development: Provided further, That
funds made available under this heading shall remain
available until September 30, 2001.

urban and environmental credit program account

For administrative expenses to carry out guaranteed loan
programs, $5,000,000, all of which may be transferred to and
merged with the appropriation for Operating Expenses of the
Agency for International Development.

payment to the foreign service retirement and disability fund

For payment to the ``Foreign Service Retirement and
Disability Fund'', as authorized by the Foreign Service Act
of 1980, $43,837,000.

operating expenses of the agency for international development

For necessary expenses to carry out the provisions of
section 667, $479,950,000.

operating expenses of the agency for international development office
of inspector general

For necessary expenses to carry out the provisions of
section 667, $25,000,000, to remain available until September
30, 2001, which sum shall be available for the Office of the
Inspector General of the Agency for International
Development.

Other Bilateral Economic Assistance

economic support fund

For necessary expenses to carry out the provisions of
chapter 4 of part II, $2,227,000,000, to remain available
until September 30, 2001: Provided, That of the funds
appropriated under this heading, not to exceed $960,000,000
shall be available only for Israel, which sum shall be
available on a grant basis as a cash transfer and shall be
disbursed within thirty days of enactment of this Act or by
October 31, 1999, whichever is later: Provided further, That
not to exceed $735,000,000 shall be available only for Egypt,
which sum shall be provided on a grant basis, and of which
sum cash transfer assistance shall be provided with the
understanding that Egypt will undertake significant economic
reforms which are additional to those which were undertaken
in previous fiscal years: Provided further, That in
exercising the authority to provide cash transfer assistance
for Israel, the President shall ensure that the level of such
assistance does not

[[Page H6683]]

cause an adverse impact on the total level of nonmilitary
exports from the United States to such country.

Amendment Offered By Mr. Campbell

Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment.
The Clerk read as follows:

Amendment offered by Mr. Campbell:
Page 15, line 7, after the dollar amount insert ``(reduced
by $30,000,000)''.
Page 15, line 11, after the dollar amount insert ``(reduced
by $20,000,000)''.

Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I reserve a point of order on the
amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Alabama reserves a point of order.
Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. Chairman, the amendment is very simple, as it is
important. Here it is. We spend too much money in foreign aid on two
countries. There is every other country in the world where we spend
foreign aid where it can do so much good, and we spend over 20 percent
of the entire economic component of foreign aid in Israel and Egypt.
I do not think that is right. I just do not think that is consistent
with the compassion of the American people who would rather see the
money go a little bit more fairly, a little bit more to the other
countries in the world.
So what I propose is a very small cut. $960 million is the economic
component of the aid to Israel in this bill, and I suggest that it be
dropped by $30 million. $735 million is the amount of money for Egypt,
and I suggest that it be dropped by $20 million.
That is a 3 percent cut roughly speaking. Bearing in mind that 20
percent of the entire amount of economic aid goes to these two
countries and that it would mean so much to the other countries in the
world who are getting such little amount in this bill, and every year
gets such little amount of our foreign aid money, I believe it is what
the American people would do if they were empowered to do it. If my
colleagues' average person they represent was here to tonight, that is
what she or he would do I believe.
Let me break it down in per capita. Again, I am just talking about
economic aid, not the military side. I understand that is different. I
support military aid to Israel.
But if we just break the economic money down, it is $170 per capita
for every person in Israel. It is $32 per capita for every person in
Egypt. It is $2.05 for every soul in sub-Saharan Africa. That is not
right. It is $1.20 for every soul in Latin America. It is 17 cents for
every person in India. It is $170 for every person in Israel and $32
for every person in Egypt.
Where do I come up with the number to cut by 30 for Israel and 20 for
Egypt? Because the President had recommended those numbers. So it is a
small cut. It might not matter very much to those two recipients; but
to the other countries, it will make a huge amount of difference.
I want to close just by commenting what I have seen. My wife,
Susanne, and I have traveled to sub-Saharan Africa, poorest countries
of the world, as often as we can since I have returned to Congress. I
have seen a few dollars spent for a water pump in Mali. I have seen a
few dollars of our tax money spent for a sewing machine so somebody
could get a job, microenterprise in Morocco. I saw some money for
saving children who would otherwise be cast aside as albinos in
Senegal.
I saw women, Somali women in refugee camps in Kenya packed to the top
who wanted to get a little firewood so they would not have to go out at
night because they were subject to rape when they went out at night.
Now, that is where our money could go.
For the sake of compassion and for the sake of fairness, I ask that
we move $30 million from Israel, which received so much of our aid, $20
million from Egypt, which received so much of our aid, and just let it
flow to the other countries, particularly in Latin America, sub-Saharan
Africa, and India.
Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I withdraw my reservation, but I rise in
opposition to the amendment.
Mr. Chairman, with respect to the amendment offered by the gentleman
from California (Mr. Campbell), let me say that he makes some very
interesting statistical and comparable monetary indications of how much
this might mean to sub-Saharan Africa.

{time} 2015

But let me remind the gentleman, and my request to him is to withdraw
the amendment, that in offering the amendment he gives no credit to the
hard work that this committee has done and that this administration has
done recognizing the need to reduce our assistance to Israel.
Two years ago, we worked with then Prime Minister Netanyahu to wean
Israel from total economic assistance. President Netanyahu, suffering I
think very serious political consequences, agreed with this
subcommittee and with me that we should begin the decline of assistance
to Israel, and we started that last year by reducing the economic
support by $120 million. And in accordance with the agreement, we have
further reduced it another $120 million this year, the first time in
the history of this Congress that we have ever done so.
Yet here at the late hour of this night, along comes the gentleman
from California and says to us, to members of the subcommittee, to
Members of the Congress, that he does not think we have done enough.
Well, I think we have done enough.
Just last week, the President and the new Prime Minister Barak agreed
to the Callahan plan of total elimination of economic support to Israel
over a period of the next 8 years. And I think that is a very
responsible way in which to handle this decline in economic assistance
to Israel. It is the responsible way to do it. It is a recognition of
accomplishment that our economic assistance to Israel has worked; that
they are now becoming economically independent.
But for the gentleman from California, at this late hour of the night
to bring up this kind of amendment, and to use the type of comparisons
the gentleman is using, I think is disrespectful to the subcommittee
and to the Congress. Because we already have addressed this issue, we
have addressed it in a responsible manner, and to put this issue on the
table on the eve of the new administration in Israel, when they are
trying to work towards some accomplishment over the Wye agreement, I
think is the wrong message.
So I would respectfully ask that the gentleman withdraw his
amendment, and short of that, I would urge the Members of this body to
vote ``no.''
Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the last word.
I would like to first respond to my good friend, the chairman of this
committee, the gentleman from Alabama (Mr. Callahan), who indeed
expressed so eloquently the hard work of this committee to change the
formula and to do it fairly so that we could move forward in reducing
economic aid to Israel and increasing the military aid. And I would say
that most of my colleagues would agree that the investment in military
aid in that region of the world is in our interest.
So I would like to congratulate the chairman again in forging that
agreement with the former prime minister of Israel. And in discussing
this agreement with the current prime minister of Israel, there has
been total support.
I would just like to say to my good friend, the gentleman from
California (Mr. Campbell), that I share his concerns; and I would join
the gentleman in working to enlighten our colleagues and work with this
administration in increasing aid to the other parts of the world that
need it so desperately.
In fact, I have said over and over again that it is an embarrassment
that we do not pay our U.N. arrears, even though that does not come out
of this particular budget. It is an embarrassment that with all the
problems in every part of the world that we are behind about a billion
dollars in our U.N. dues. So I would join the gentleman.
But I would say to the gentleman, at this time we are on the verge,
on the brink, of seeing a real peace. The new prime minister, Prime
Minister Barak, has been making every effort to move forward, to
meeting with the other parties of the region to try to forge a real
peace so that in our lifetime all of our investments and our commitment
to that region of the world as a result of Camp David can become a
reality. So it seems to me, and I agree with our distinguished
chairman, this is not an opportune time to change the formula that has
been very carefully crafted; that we should work together so we can see
a real peace in the Middle East.

[[Page H6684]]

And, again, I would say to the gentleman from California that I would
join the gentleman in increasing aid to other parts of the world. We
know of the real problem, the people who are in distress. And as the
leader of the free world, at a time when our leadership is
acknowledged, when there are problems with disease and problems of
inadequate education and health care, we could make an additional
difference.
So I hope we can work together and increase our assistance to other
parts of the world, but not change this formula while we are at a
moment of a breakthrough in the peace agreement.
Mr. BENTSEN. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the requisite number of
words.
(Mr. BENTSEN asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. BENTSEN. Mr. Chairman, I rise in opposition to the amendment of
the gentleman from California. This is a bad idea for a number of
reasons.
First of all, this is a negotiated amount of funds. This is not a
discretionary set of funds. And while the gentleman makes some
interesting arguments about comparing what this would mean in per
capita terms from one country versus Israel, I do not know that we can
measure it quite that statistically.
This, as I said, is a negotiated amount. It goes back to the Camp
David Accords. It also goes back to the more recent Wye River Accords.
But perhaps most importantly, and I think the gentlewoman from New York
was just discussing this, we have a new government in Israel which we
have a strategic partnership with that has really only been in place
for about 30 days. I think even as small a cut as the gentleman
proposes undercuts the U.S. commitment to having the Barak government
succeed in its effort in bringing peace to the region.
So I think while the gentleman is well intentioned in his goals, I
think it is an amendment that would send the wrong message on the part
of the United States and our commitment to Israel and our commitment to
peace in the Middle East and in particular our commitment to seeing the
Barak government succeed, and for that reason I oppose the amendment.
Mr. Chairman, I rise in support of this legislation, and the bill's
provision to provide $3 billion in aid to Israel.
Since its founding in 1948, Israel and the U.S. have shared an
important economic and strategic partnership. For more than 50 years,
Israel has stood with the U.S. in countering the greatest threats to
American interests in the region, including the proliferation of
weapons of mass destruction and state-sponsored terrorism by rogue
regimes.
Israel has also been a reliable strategic partner, providing the
United States with cutting-edge technology and valuable intelligence.
Israel was the first country to sign a free trade agreement with the
United States, which has resulted in a quadrupling of trade between the
two countries. As Israel's economy continues to grow, the United States
will continue to benefit from the wide-ranging economic partnership
enjoyed by the two countries. The United States-Israel partnership has
also been cost-effective, avoiding the expensive deployment of American
troops. No United States troops have ever been required to protect
Israel, while by comparison America maintains 135,000 troops in Europe
and spends roughly $80 billion each year on the defense of Europe.
Thanks to the United States involvement in the Middle East peace
process, Israel has been able to make significant advancements toward
establishing peaceful relations with her Arab neighbors. With the
election of Prime Minister Ehud Barak in May 1999, the search for peace
in the Middle East appears to have taken meaningful steps forward. In
the days following his election, Mr. Barak displayed his commitment to
the peace process through his talks with Egyptian President Mubarak,
and the formation of a `peace administration' of three negotiating
teams, one each for Syria, Lebanon, and the Palestinians. In the 3
weeks since he's taken office, Mr. Barak has actively negotiated with
Palestinian Authority Chairman Arafat in attempt to secure a permanent
peace deal to determine Israel's borders, the future of Jerusalem, the
fate of refugees, and the disposition of water resources. He has also
begun negotiations with Syria regarding the status of the Golan Heights
and the Hezbollah militia in southern Lebanon.
Prime Minister Barak understands that a negotiated peace is the best
way to make Israel more stable and prosperous for the people of the
Middle East. As the peace process moves forward, the U.S. must continue
to support the principles of the Wye River agreement, including the
land-for- peace commitments, cessation of terrorist aggression, and
respect for existing peace agreements by all parties. While his Mr.
Barak's progress has been encouraging, we should hold no illusions. The
path ahead will be difficult and hold many hard decisions. As Israel
takes these calculated risks for peace, the United States must continue
to support Israel's defense. Part of that effort should be the final
Congressional approval of an aid package that provides assistance to
Israel, the Palestinian people and to Jordan as part of the
implementation of the Wye River agreement. Making Israel stronger and
making Palestinians and Jordanians more secure and more prosperous are
all critical steps to building a just and lasting peace in the Middle
East.
U.S. aid to Israel is one of America's most cost-effective foreign
policy investments. The economic and military aid that America provides
Israel serves the interests of both countries by promoting peace,
security, and trade. I urge my colleagues to continue our support for
Israel and to further our national interests by voting for this
appropriations.
Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the
requisite number of words.
Mr. Chairman, I have great respect for my friend from California. We
have worked together on many issues, including a number of
international relations issues, and he has made an attractive argument.
As he has visited sub-Sahara Africa, I have as well, and just got
through offering an amendment dealing with HIV/AIDS. But I would simply
say to the gentleman that as attractive as support for the microcredit
is, and I frankly saw the enormous impact that the microcredit funding
has, I am rising in opposition for, I think, two to three reasons.
One, I believe we should make good on our commitment, and I think it
is important to note that we have made a commitment to support Israel
as it has downsized on its receipt of foreign aid from the United
States. I think the Wye River agreement is extremely important and goes
to our bond and our standing in the international arena as relates to
the Mideast, with Israel being the freestanding or one singular
democracy there.
Then, I think that, hopefully, we do not have a situation where we
pit one community or one part of the world against another. There is a
great need in Africa, and I would like to see us collaborate, as I
started out in my remarks, on HIV/AIDS. I would like to see the foreign
aid increased. I think it would be a shame that a powerful, wealthy
Nation like this, where the American people would be willing to support
our international efforts at a higher rate than 1 percent, and maybe
that number has been increased but that is what sticks in my mind, even
as high as 5 percent, and maybe we can go higher, if we begin to
juxtapose one needy area against another needy area for different
reasons.
So for that reason, and though I respect the gentleman in his intent
and, in fact, look forward to working with the gentleman to find funds
to increase those opportunities in sub-Sahara Africa, I would oppose
his amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. The question is on the amendment offered by the
gentleman from California (Mr. Campbell).
The question was taken; and the Chairman announced that the noes
appeared to have it.
Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. Chairman, I demand a recorded vote.
The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to House Resolution 263, further proceeding on
the amendment offered by the gentleman from California (Mr. Campbell)
will be postponed.
The Clerk will read.
The Clerk read as follows:

international fund for ireland

For necessary expenses to carry out the provisions of
chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961,
$19,600,000, which shall be available for the United States
contribution to the International Fund for Ireland and shall
be made available in accordance with the provisions of the
Anglo-Irish Agreement Support Act of 1986 (Public Law 99-
415): Provided, That such amount shall be expended at the
minimum rate necessary to make timely payment for projects
and activities: Provided further, That funds made available
under this heading shall remain available until September 30,
2001.

assistance for eastern europe and the baltic states

(a) For necessary expenses to carry out the provisions of
the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 and the Support for East
European Democracy (SEED) Act of 1989, $393,000,000, to

[[Page H6685]]

remain available until September 30, 2001, which shall be
available, notwithstanding any other provision of law, for
economic assistance and for related programs for Eastern
Europe and the Baltic States.
(b) Funds appropriated under this heading shall be
considered to be economic assistance under the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961 for purposes of making available the
administrative authorities contained in that Act for the use
of economic assistance.
(c) None of the funds appropriated under this heading may
be made available for new housing construction or repair or
reconstruction of existing housing in Bosnia and Herzegovina
unless directly related to the efforts of United States
troops to promote peace in said country.
(d) With regard to funds appropriated under this heading
for the economic revitalization program in Bosnia and
Herzegovina, and local currencies generated by such funds
(including the conversion of funds appropriated under this
heading into currency used by Bosnia and Herzegovina as local
currency and local currency returned or repaid under such
program) the Administrator of the Agency for International
Development shall provide written approval for grants and
loans prior to the obligation and expenditure of funds for
such purposes, and prior to the use of funds that have been
returned or repaid to any lending facility or grantee.
(e) The provisions of section 532 of this Act shall apply
to funds made available under subsection (d) and to funds
appropriated under this heading.
(f) The President is authorized to withhold funds
appropriated under this heading made available for economic
revitalization programs in Bosnia and Herzegovina, if he
determines and certifies to the Committees on Appropriations
that the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina has not
complied with article III of annex 1-A of the General
Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina
concerning the withdrawal of foreign forces, and that
intelligence cooperation on training, investigations, and
related activities between Iranian officials and Bosnian
officials has not been terminated.
(g) Funds appropriated under this heading or in prior
appropriations Acts that are or have been made available for
an Enterprise Fund may be deposited by such Fund in interest-
bearing accounts prior to the Fund's disbursement of such
funds for program purposes. The Fund may retain for such
program purposes any interest earned on such deposits without
returning such interest to the Treasury of the United States
and without further appropriation by the Congress. Funds made
available for Enterprise Funds shall be expended at the
minimum rate necessary to make timely payment for projects
and activities.

assistance for the independent states of the former soviet union

(a) For necessary expenses to carry out the provisions of
chapter 11 of part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961
and the FREEDOM Support Act, for assistance for the
Independent States of the former Soviet Union and for related
programs, $725,000,000, to remain available until September
30, 2001: Provided, That the provisions of such chapter shall
apply to funds appropriated by this paragraph: Provided
further, That such sums as may be necessary may be
transferred to the Export-Import Bank of the United States
for the cost of any financing under the Export-Import Bank
Act of 1945 for activities for the Independent States:
Provided further, That of the funds made available for the
Southern Caucasus region, 17.5 percent should be used for
confidence-building measures and other activities in
furtherance of the peaceful resolution of the regional
conflicts, especially those in the vicinity of Abkhazia and
Nagorno-Karabagh.
(b) Funds appropriated under title II of this Act,
including funds appropriated under this heading, may be made
available for assistance for Mongolia: Provided, That funds
made available for assistance for Mongolia may be made
available in accordance with the purposes and utilizing the
authorities provided in chapter 11 of part I of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961.
(c)(1) Of the funds appropriated under this heading that
are allocated for assistance for the Government of the
Russian Federation, 50 percent shall be withheld from
obligation until the President determines and certifies in
writing to the Committees on Appropriations that the
Government of the Russian Federation has terminated
implementation of arrangements to provide Iran with technical
expertise, training, technology, or equipment necessary to
develop a nuclear reactor, related nuclear research
facilities or programs, or ballistic missile capability.
(2) Paragraph (1) shall not apply to--
(A) assistance to combat infectious diseases and child
survival activities; and
(B) activities authorized under title V (Nonproliferation
and Disarmament Programs and Activities) of the FREEDOM
Support Act.
(d) Not more than 25 percent of the funds appropriated
under this heading may be made available for assistance for
any country in the region.
(e) Allocations for Georgia and for Armenia shall reflect a
percentage of the amount appropriated under this heading that
is at least equivalent to the percentage of the total funding
available under this heading that was allocated for each
nation in fiscal year 1999: Provided, That assistance under
title V of the FREEDOM Support Act shall not be included in
such calculations.
(f) Section 907 of the FREEDOM Support Act shall not apply
to--
(1) activities to support democracy or assistance under
title V of the FREEDOM Support Act and section 1424 of Public
Law 104-201;
(2) any assistance provided by the Trade and Development
Agency under section 661 of the Foreign Assistance Act of
1961 (22 U.S.C. 2421);
(3) any activity carried out by a member of the United
States and Foreign Commercial Service while acting within his
or her official capacity;
(4) any insurance, reinsurance, guarantee, or other
assistance provided by the Overseas Private Investment
Corporation under title IV of chapter 2 of part I of the
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2191 et seq.);
(5) any financing provided under the Export-Import Bank Act
of 1945; or
(6) humanitarian assistance including activities funded
under the heading ``Child Survival and Disease Programs
Fund''.

Independent Agency

peace corps

For expenses necessary to carry out the provisions of the
Peace Corps Act (75 Stat. 612), $240,000,000, including the
purchase of not to exceed five passenger motor vehicles for
administrative purposes for use outside of the United States:
Provided, That none of the funds appropriated under this
heading shall be used to pay for abortions: Provided further,
That funds appropriated under this heading shall remain
available until September 30, 2001.

Department of State

international narcotics control and law enforcement

For necessary expenses to carry out section 481 of the
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, $285,000,000: Provided, That
not more than $20,000,000 of the funds made available under
this heading shall be available for anti-crime programs and
that all such programs shall be subject to the regular
notification procedures of the Committees on Appropriations:
Provided further, That during fiscal year 2000, the
Department of State may also use the authority of section 608
of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, without regard to its
restrictions, to receive excess property from an agency of
the United States Government for the purpose of providing it
to a foreign country under chapter 8 of part I of that Act
subject to the regular notification procedures of the
Committees on Appropriations.

Amendment No. 8 Offered by Mr. Mica

Mr. MICA. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will designate the amendment.
The text of the amendment is as follows:

Amendment No. 8 offered by Mr. Mica: Page 22, line 17,
before the period insert the following: ``: Provided
further, That of the amount appropriated under this
heading, $37,500,000 shall be made available in assistance
for the antinarcotics directorate (DANTI) of the Colombian
National Police as follows: (1) $3,500,000 for GAU 19
protection systems for the 6 existing Black Hawk utility
helicopters of the Colombian National Police, including 1
such system for each helicopter, mounting, installation,
and a maintenance and training package; (2) $3,500,000 for
.50 caliber ammunition for such GAU 19 protection systems;
(3) $2,500,000 for upgrade of the hangar at the Guaymaral
helicopter base; (4) $6,500,000 for construction of a
hangar facility at the El Dorado Airport in Bogota,
Colombia, to provide a secure area for storage and
maintenance work on the fixed wing and rotar wing aircraft
of the Colombian National Police; (5) $2,500,000 to
purchase 19 additional MK-44 miniguns for the ``Huey'' II
utility helicopters to be provided to the Colombian
National Policy; (6) $3,500,000 for 7.62 ammunition for
such MK-44 miniguns; (7) $8,000,000 for forward looking
infra red (FLIR) systems for 15 of the ``Huey'' II utility
helicopters referred to in paragraph (5); (8) $3,500,000
for field gear for aviation and ground officers of the
Colombian National Police, including ballistic protective
mats, ballistic protective vests, helmets and field
harnesses, canteens, and magazines; (9) $3,000,000 for the
establishment and operation of a Colombian National Police
customs facility in Cartagena, Colombia, including
additional training for Colombian National Police
personnel by United States Customs Service personnel; and
(10) $1,000,000 for intelligence equipment for the
Colombian National Police, including sensors and
monitoring and surveillance equipment.

Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I reserve a point of order on the
amendment.
Mr. MICA. Mr. Chairman, I thank the chairman, the gentleman from
Alabama (Mr. Callahan), for his great work on this distinguished piece
of legislation, which I plan to support with minor modifications that
can be made, I hope, through the amendment I offer tonight. The
amendment that I have tonight asks for $37.5 million, and those funds
would go towards providing anti-narcotics equipment to the Colombian
National Police.
I chair the Subcommittee on Criminal Justice, Drug Policy and Human

[[Page H6686]]

Resources, and I can tell my colleagues that we have no greater threat
facing our Nation right now in terms of our anti-narcotics effort and,
really, national security than we have facing us with the situation
with Colombia.
Some of my colleagues may know that we lost five servicemen,
including a servicewoman this week, and in the last few days we have
lost three civilians. This situation is getting incredibly worse in
Colombia, our neighbor to the south. That is what makes this action
tonight so important.
I will ask to withdraw this at some point and ask for consideration
in conference, but we cannot make the same mistake that we have been
making year after year in not providing equipment. This Congress has
provided Black Hawk helicopters to the Colombians, but we are not
providing the equipment for them to do the job. This amendment asks for
19 protection systems for Black Hawk helicopters and also for Huey
helicopters that they have.

{time} 2030

How can they fight a war against insurgence Marxist guerillas or an
activity against those trafficking in illegal narcotics without this
equipment? We have made the mistake of not providing the equipment.
This is a hearing from July of 1997. The gentleman from Illinois (Mr.
Hastert), who is now Speaker of the House, myself, others on the
committee asked for equipment to get to Colombia. And that equipment
has not gotten to Colombia.
The results are incredible. 800,000 people have been displaced since
1995. 35,000 Colombians have been killed in less than 10 years. In
1998, more than 300,000 Colombians were displaced internally. That is
more than we had that same year in Kosovo.
My colleagues, we are going to have a situation that makes Kosovo
look like a kindergarten playground if we do not get the equipment.
Just in the last 2 or 3 weeks, this administration has reversed its
course and is now asking for intelligence to be shared. At this moment,
I believe our drug czar is down in Colombia; and he has asked in the
last 2 weeks for a billion dollars, which may require a supplemental.
So if we are providing the equipment to allow Colombians to stop this
drug influx into their nation and trafficking and production in their
nation and this insurgency, then I say we should help them with this
little bit of assistance that we are asking for in this.
I might say that we had a visit from the national chief of police
there who has been leading the drug war, and this is specifically in
his request to the Speaker of the House and to our subcommittee. I
might also say that these items are also requested by General
McCaffrey, who is our Nation's drug czar.
So I plead and I ask the subcommittee, and I know they have done
great work in putting together this legislation, to not make the same
mistake that has been made year after year in not getting equipment to
this country that is facing not only an internal crisis but we are
facing a regional and hemispheric crisis with this situation.
Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, with the assurance that the gentleman is
going to withdraw the amendment, I am going to withdraw my reservation
of objection but, I move to strike the requisite number of words to
speak in response to what the gentleman from Florida just said and to
express to the gentleman from Florida that I too am concerned about
this entire drug situation not only in Colombia but in all of Central
and South America.
I am very appreciative of the extra effort that he has put in in
bringing to the attention of the Congress and to the American people
the tremendous problems we have in Colombia, of the tremendous problems
we have in Mexico, and in other areas of Central and South America who
are facilitating the exportation of drugs to the United States.
But I might remind my colleague that the bill we are debating tonight
provides $285 million for the International Narcotics Control Account.
This is an increase of $24 million above the regular 1999 bill and $70
million above the bill that just recently passed the Senate.
As my colleague knows, in the Omnibus Appropriations Bill last year,
we put an additional $255 million for counternarcotics. There are no
earmarks in this bill anywhere. But there is a sufficient amount of
money appropriated to include Colombia and all areas of Central and
South America in this counternarcotics program.
Mr. Chairman, I yield to the gentleman from Florida (Mr. McCollum).
Mr. McCOLLUM. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman very much for
yielding.
Mr. Chairman, I know what the chairman has done is extremely good in
here, and I commend him for what is here. I also know what the
gentleman from Florida (Mr. Mica) is attempting to do.
What I hope is, because of the Western Hemisphere Drug Elimination
Act we passed last year, and the gentleman worked so much with us, we
ought to take a $600 million overall that covered many of the
subcommittee appropriations areas to do some of what was going to be $2
billion ultimately over 3 years.
In the legislation of my colleagues and in all of these
appropriations bills in the House this year, we are not able under the
current rules to meet the goals of that bill in what we are passing.
But much of this equipment, most of it that the gentleman from
Florida (Mr. Mica) is asking for, was what was passed in that bill and
what we wanted to see happen. And I am hopeful that in conference my
colleague will be able to nudge up these numbers some. And perhaps
there will even be a supplemental down the road. Because I know my
colleague understands from our previous discussions how important this
equipment is.
I serve as chairman of the Subcommittee on Crime, as my colleague
knows, and on the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence; and we
really do need this equipment.
Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, reclaiming my time, we will try to
increase it if we possibly can. Because this is a cancer on our
society, and the only way we are going to be able to cure this cancer
is to provide ample counternarcotics monies to do so.
Mr. FARR of California. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. CALLAHAN. I yield to the gentleman from California.
Mr. FARR of California. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for
yielding.
Mr. Chairman, I just want to raise concern about the amendment. The
amendment directs all the money to the Colombian police. The delegation
that was here last week did not ask for money for the national police.
It was for the armed services, for the armed forces. As my colleague
knows, it is a very delicate situation in Colombia.
I think it would be ill-spent money to direct all of this earmarking
and for specifics just for one entity in Colombia. I support the
concerns of the chairman and recommendations, and I oppose the
amendment the way it is drafted.
Mr. MICA. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. CALLAHAN. I yield to the gentleman from Florida.
Mr. MICA. Mr. Chairman, I understand the concern of the gentleman.
But this is the testimony from 2 years ago, the gentleman from
Illinois (Mr. Hastert): ``But you are holding up their ammunition.''
We provided almost $300 million last year. And we have checked to see
if the money is there in resources. Only a few million dollars have
gotten to where it should go. The problem we have is in getting money.
That is why this is an earmark.
I know the earmark is not acceptable under the regular order here.
But I hope you can imagine the frustration we see. We appropriate
money. The President is saying this is now the third biggest aid
recipient in the world. And it is not getting there.
This request is part of our drug czar's request, and it is the head
of the national police's request to do the job in Colombia that needs
to be done to bring peace there and stop drug trafficking where we have
60, 70 percent of the heroin and cocaine now coming into the United
States.
Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I yield to the gentlewoman from
California (Ms. Pelosi).
Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I just want to say two things.

[[Page H6687]]

First of all, we all agree that the drug problem is a terrible,
terrible tragedy for our country. In addition to trying to do drug crop
eradication, we must focus on treatment and prevention and to the end
that we all share here.
But two points I want to make. One is, I was very concerned about the
New York Times article this morning that talked about the war on drugs
and the war against the rebels merging, because we have always talked
about the war on drugs being a war on drugs in Colombia.
So I hope that, as we proceed, we do with great sensitivity to the
human rights of the Colombian people.
The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Alabama (Mr. Callahan)
has expired.
(By unanimous consent, Mr. Callahan was allowed to proceed for 30
additional seconds.)
Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I yield to the gentleman from Florida
(Mr. Mica).
Mr. MICA. Mr. Chairman, I thank the chairman for being so
understanding and also considering this in conference.
Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent to withdraw my amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from
Florida?
There was no objection.
The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will read.
The Clerk read as follows:

migration and refugee assistance

For expenses, not otherwise provided for, necessary to
enable the Secretary of State to provide, as authorized by
law, a contribution to the International Committee of the Red
Cross, assistance to refugees, including contributions to the
International Organization for Migration and the United
Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, and other activities
to meet refugee and migration needs; salaries and expenses of
personnel and dependents as authorized by the Foreign Service
Act of 1980; allowances as authorized by sections 5921
through 5925 of title 5, United States Code; purchase and
hire of passenger motor vehicles; and services as authorized
by section 3109 of title 5, United States Code, $640,000,000:
Provided, That not more than $13,800,000 shall be available
for administrative expenses.

UNITED STATES EMERGENCY REFUGEE AND MIGRATION ASSISTANCE FUND

For necessary expenses to carry out the provisions of
section 2(c) of the Migration and Refugee Assistance Act of
1962, as amended (22 U.S.C. 260(c)), $30,000,000, to remain
available until expended: Provided, That the funds made
available under this heading are appropriated notwithstanding
the provisions contained in section 2(c)(2) of the Migration
and Refugee Assistance Act of 1962 which would limit the
amount of funds which could be appropriated for this purpose.

nonproliferation, anti-terrorism, demining and related programs

For necessary expenses for nonproliferation, anti-terrorism
and related programs and activities, $181,630,000, to carry
out the provisions of chapter 8 of part II of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961 for anti-terrorism assistance, section
504 of the FREEDOM Support Act for the Nonproliferation and
Disarmament Fund, section 23 of the Arms Export Control Act
or the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 for demining
activities, the clearance of unexploded ordnance, and related
activities, notwithstanding any other provision of law,
including activities implemented through nongovernmental and
international organizations, section 301 of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961 for a voluntary contribution to the
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and a voluntary
contribution to the Korean Peninsula Energy Development
Organization (KEDO), and for a United States contribution to
the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Preparatory
Commission: Provided, That the Secretary of State shall
inform the Committees on Appropriations at least twenty days
prior to the obligation of funds for the Comprehensive
Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Preparatory Commission: Provided
further, That of this amount not to exceed $15,000,000, to
remain available until expended, may be made available for
the Nonproliferation and Disarmament Fund, notwithstanding
any other provision of law, to promote bilateral and
multilateral activities relating to nonproliferation and
disarmament: Provided further, That such funds may also be
used for such countries other than the Independent States of
the former Soviet Union and international organizations when
it is in the national security interest of the United States
to do so: Provided further, That such funds shall be subject
to the regular notification procedures of the Committees on
Appropriations: Provided further, That funds appropriated
under this heading may be made available for the
International Atomic Energy Agency only if the Secretary of
State determines (and so reports to the Congress) that Israel
is not being denied its right to participate in the
activities of that Agency.

Department of the Treasury

debt restructuring

For the cost, as defined in section 502 of the
Congressional Budget Act of 1974, of modifying loans and loan
guarantees, as the President may determine, for which funds
have been appropriated or otherwise made available for
programs within the International Affairs Budget Function
150, including the cost of selling, reducing, or canceling
amounts owed to the United States as a result of concessional
loans made to eligible countries, pursuant to parts IV and V
of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (including up to
$1,000,000 for necessary expenses for the administration of
activities carried out under these parts), and of modifying
concessional credit agreements with least developed
countries, as authorized under section 411 of the
Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954, as
amended, and concessional loans, guarantees and credit
agreements with any country in Sub-Saharan Africa, as
authorized under section 572 of the Foreign Operations,
Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act,
1989 (Public Law 100-461); $33,000,000, to remain available
until expended: Provided, That any limitation of subsection
(e) of section 411 of the Agricultural Trade Development and
Assistance Act of 1954 to the extent that limitation applies
to sub-Saharan African countries shall not apply to funds
appropriated hereunder or previously appropriated under this
heading: Provided further, That the authority provided by
section 572 of Public Law 100-461 may be exercised only with
respect to countries that are eligible to borrow from the
International Development Association, but not from the
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development,
commonly referred to as ``IDA-only'' countries.

International Affairs Technical Assistance

For necessary expenses to carry out the provisions of
section 129 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (relating
to international affairs technical assistance activities),
$1,500,000, to remain available until expended.

TITLE III--MILITARY ASSISTANCE

Funds Appropriated to the President

international military education and training

For necessary expenses to carry out the provisions of
section 541 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961,
$50,000,000, of which up to $1,000,000 may remain available
until expended: Provided, That the civilian personnel for
whom military education and training may be provided under
this heading may include civilians who are not members of a
government whose participation would contribute to improved
civil-military relations, civilian control of the military,
or respect for human rights: Provided further, That funds
appropriated under this heading for grant financed military
education and training for Indonesia and Guatemala may only
be available for expanded international military education
and training and funds made available for Guatemala may only
be provided through the regular notification procedures of
the Committees on Appropriations: Provided further, That none
of the funds appropriated under this heading may be made
available to support grant financed military education and
training at the School of the Americas unless the Secretary
of Defense certifies that the instruction and training
provided by the School of the Americas is fully consistent
with training and doctrine, particularly with respect to the
observance of human rights, provided by the Department of
Defense to United States military students at Department of
Defense institutions whose primary purpose is to train United
States military personnel: Provided further, That the
Secretary of Defense shall submit to the Committees on
Appropriations, no later than January 15, 2000, a report
detailing the training activities of the School of the
Americas and a general assessment regarding the performance
of its graduates during 1997 and 1998.

foreign military financing program

For expenses necessary for grants to enable the President
to carry out the provisions of section 23 of the Arms Export
Control Act, $3,470,000,000: Provided, That of the funds
appropriated under this heading, not to exceed $1,920,000,000
shall be available for grants only for Israel, and not to
exceed $1,300,000,000 shall be made available for grants only
for Egypt: Provided further, That the funds appropriated by
this paragraph for Israel shall be disbursed within thirty
days of enactment of this Act or by October 31, 1999,
whichever is later: Provided further, That to the extent that
the Government of Israel requests that funds be used for such
purposes, grants made available for Israel by this paragraph
shall, as agreed by Israel and the United States, be
available for advanced weapons systems, of which not less
than $505,000,000 should be available for the procurement in
Israel of defense articles and defense services, including
research and development: Provided further, That none of the
funds made available under this heading shall be available
for any non-NATO country participating in the Partnership for
Peace Program except through the regular notification
procedures of the Committees on Appropriations: Provided
further, That funds appropriated by this paragraph shall be
nonrepayable notwithstanding any requirement in section 23 of
the Arms Export Control Act:

[[Page H6688]]

Provided further, That funds made available under this
paragraph shall be obligated upon apportionment in accordance
with paragraph (5)(C) of title 31, United States Code,
section 1501(a).
None of the funds made available under this heading shall
be available to finance the procurement of defense articles,
defense services, or design and construction services that
are not sold by the United States Government under the Arms
Export Control Act unless the foreign country proposing to
make such procurements has first signed an agreement with the
United States Government specifying the conditions under
which such procurements may be financed with such funds:
Provided, That all country and funding level increases in
allocations shall be submitted through the regular
notification procedures of section 515 of this Act: Provided
further, That none of the funds appropriated under this
heading shall be available for assistance for Sudan and
Liberia: Provided further, That funds made available under
this heading may be used, notwithstanding any other provision
of law, for demining, the clearance of unexploded ordnance,
and related activities, and may include activities
implemented through nongovernmental and international
organizations: Provided further, That none of the funds
appropriated under this heading shall be available for
assistance for Guatemala: Provided further, That only those
countries for which assistance was justified for the
``Foreign Military Sales Financing Program'' in the fiscal
year 1989 congressional presentation for security assistance
programs may utilize funds made available under this heading
for procurement of defense articles, defense services or
design and construction services that are not sold by the
United States Government under the Arms Export Control Act:
Provided further, That funds appropriated under this heading
shall be expended at the minimum rate necessary to make
timely payment for defense articles and services: Provided
further, That not more than $30,495,000 of the funds
appropriated under this heading may be obligated for
necessary expenses, including the purchase of passenger motor
vehicles for replacement only for use outside of the United
States, for the general costs of administering military
assistance and sales: Provided further, That not more than
$330,000,000 of funds realized pursuant to section
21(e)(1)(A) of the Arms Export Control Act may be obligated
for expenses incurred by the Department of Defense during
fiscal year 2000 pursuant to section 43(b) of the Arms Export
Control Act, except that this limitation may be exceeded only
through the regular notification procedures of the Committees
on Appropriations.

peacekeeping operations

For necessary expenses to carry out the provisions of
section 551 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961,
$76,500,000: Provided, That none of the funds appropriated
under this heading shall be obligated or expended except as
provided through the regular notification procedures of the
Committees on Appropriations.

TITLE IV--MULTILATERAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE

funds appropriated to the president

international financial institutions

GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY

For the United States contribution for the Global
Environment Facility, $50,000,000, to the International Bank
for Reconstruction and Development as trustee for the Global
Environment Facility, by the Secretary of the Treasury, to
remain available until expended.

contribution to the international development association

For payment to the International Development Association
(IDA) by the Secretary of the Treasury, $576,600,000, to
remain available until expended.

Amendment Offered by Mr. Gilman

Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment.
The Clerk read as follows:

Amendment offered by Mr. Gilman:
In title IV of the bill, in the item relating to
``contribution to the international development
association'', after the first dollar amount, insert the
following: ``(reduced by $8,000,000)''.

(Mr. GILMAN asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Chairman, last month the World Bank approved a $40
million financing package to move over 57,000 Chinese people into
Tibet.
As my colleagues know, the Chinese Army invaded Tibet in 1949 and
later drove His Holiness, the Dalai Lama, into exile in India. He
remains in India today, and his people in Tibet are forced to live
under the Chinese Communist dictatorship.
Over the last 30 years, the Chinese Government supported the movement
of Chinese people into Tibet, attempting to dilute and eventually wipe
out the Tibetan people's culture and their religion.
Now the World Bank is helping to subsidize that effort. In December
of 1998, Bank staff published information that they were planning a
loan to help relocate 57,000 Chinese farmers into Tibet.
Senior Bank staff of World Bank, including its current president,
James Wolfensohn, later claimed that they were surprised when this loan
appeared 6 months later for approval by the Bank's board. He claimed
the process of reviewing the loan was grueling; but rather than delay
the approval of this loan, he approved it with only an internal panel
to later review the project. No major human rights organizations or
environmental organizations are running that panel.
Both the International Campaign for Tibet and the Friends of the
Earth endorse my amendment. They have opposed this loan from the start,
and their voices deserve to be heard.
What the Bank has done is not enough. The American taxpayer cannot
support the Chinese Government's colonization of Tibet. The World Bank
project included hiring a consultant to prepare an Involuntary
Resettlement Action Plan for indigenous people.
We must send a message to the Bank that our Nation, the Bank's
largest donor, cannot support projects which violate the human rights
of the Tibetan people.
This loan, Mr. Chairman, represents the arrogance of the Bank's staff
and the clout that China has over that staff. We must send a message
that the Bank should reflect the values of the Democratic donors and
not Chinese Communist dictators.
The Gilman-Lantos amendment will make a modest cut of $8 million,
comprising the U.S. share of the loan, to send to the Bank a message
that this kind of project cannot be supported.
The Senate already passed such an amendment, and now it is our turn.
Mr. Chairman, I welcome the support of the gentleman from Texas (Mr.
Armey) our majority leader; the gentleman from Hawaii (Mr.
Abercrombie); the gentleman from California (Mr. Lantos), a senior
member of our committee; the gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr.
McGovern); the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Porter), a senior member of
the Committee on Appropriations; and the gentleman from South Carolina
(Mr. Sanford), another member of the committee.
Their support represents a unique coalition for human rights, for the
rule of law, and for the support for Tibet and its people.
Accordingly, I urge adoption of the amendment.
Mr. McGOVERN. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. GILMAN. I yield to the gentleman from Massachusetts.
Mr. McGOVERN. Mr. Chairman, I want to rise in support of the Gilman-
Lantos amendment to cut $8 million from the International Development
Association lending window of the World Bank.
Mr. Chairman, like my colleagues from both sides of the aisle, I was
deeply disturbed and angry that the World Bank pursued the China
Western Poverty Reduction loan, a loan so flawed in its preparation
that it should never have been brought before the Board of Executive
Directors.
I oppose and I am angry that the Bank would fund a program with the
goal of displacing Tibetan people from their ancestral territory in
order to pursue a badly conceived agricultural program that relies on
moving more ethnic Chinese into Tibet.
Did the World Bank learn nothing from its terrible history of funding
forced resettlement and transmigration in Indonesia?
But the reason I support this amendment goes far beyond this loan for
China.

{time} 2045

This loan has become emblematic of everything wrong with the World
Bank. This loan received the wrong environmental designation from its
very conception. It should have received what is known as a Category A
designation for its resettlement requirements alone, let alone for its
potential impact on fragile ecosystems and on the nomadic peoples who
inhabit this part of Tibet. The staff who prepared the loan failed to
comply with the bank's own policies on environmental assessment, public
information disclosure, participation by affected peoples, indigenous
peoples and involuntary resettlement.
We in the United States Congress do not take these policies lightly
and we

[[Page H6689]]

do not think the World Bank should, either. The creation of these
policies has served for years to influence support for World Bank
funding. I would like to thank the gentlewoman from California (Ms.
Pelosi) for all her leadership in this area. The violation of these
bank policies, indeed the cynical manner in which they were dismissed
or bypassed by bank staff responsible for the preparation of this loan,
accounts for someone like myself, a strong supporter of bilateral and
multilateral development aid, rising in support of this amendment.
In spite of its policies and its rhetoric in support of poverty
alleviation and environmentally sustainable development, the World Bank
again and again pursues loans that cause grave harm to the environment,
to indigenous peoples, and to genuine sustainable development.
Mr. Chairman, I again urge my colleagues to support the Gilman-Lantos
amendment.
Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I rise in opposition to the amendment.
Mr. Chairman, I would rather do anything than to come before this
body and speak against the very distinguished gentleman from New York
who chairs the Committee on International Relations, who does so much
good work worldwide, who has vast knowledge of all of the areas of the
world and just passed a few days ago the international relations bill
through this body and did such a magnificent job there. But I, too,
feel like I have made a contribution towards the same goal that the
gentleman from New York wants to reach. To remind him of what we have
already done in this bill, we have cut IDA $223 million from last year
over the strong objections in the committee and over the ranking member
of our subcommittee. We almost had to force the $200 million reduction
in IDA. But, nevertheless, we did it.
I feel like I have graduated magna cum laude from college and come
home to my parent and he is criticizing me because I did not graduate
summa cum laude. I think we have done a good job here, Mr. Chairman,
and I think we have addressed every issue that the gentleman from New
York has brought to us from his committee as chairman of the Committee
on International Relations. I think we have a good bill, and while
symbolically I agree with the gentleman, I think we have gone far
enough.
I would respectfully ask the distinguished gentleman if he would
withdraw this amendment and let us get on to passing this bill tonight
in a timely fashion. I am not necessarily disagreeing with his mission,
I just think the timing is inappropriate at this time.
Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. CALLAHAN. I yield to the gentleman from New York.
Mr. GILMAN. I want to again commend the gentleman for his outstanding
job on this measure. We recognize that he has made substantial cuts in
many important areas trying to keep within our budget. But there are a
number of important organizations in our country and a number of people
who have stressed their opposition to what the World Bank is seeking to
do. We would like to make a very symbolic record in opposition.
Mr. CALLAHAN. Reclaiming my time, it is already there in report
language at the gentleman's request. We have inserted the report
language there. I know it is symbolic and $8 million in the terms in
which we speak, in billions of dollars or even trillions, is not a lot
of money. But, nevertheless, I think it is going to take a lot of time
to show that symbolism when it is already written in the report.
Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the last word.
Mr. Chairman, the distinguished gentleman from New York is a great
leader on human rights throughout the world and it is always a joy to
work with him. He is an inspiration to all of us. I completely agree
with the gentleman entirely on his motivation on this legislation. But
I have to agree in part with the gentleman from Alabama for the
following reason. I have fought him tooth and nail on cutting this $224
million from IDA in the bill. While I share the concerns the gentleman
expresses in the amendment, to go on and cut more from IDA I think
would diminish any arguments we made about the impact of the $224
million already cut from IDA.
I think what the World Bank did is appalling. As the gentleman knows,
under his leadership and working with him, we have called meetings
together with the people who work at the World Bank, with many
congressional offices participating in these meetings. We jointly, 60
of us, sent a letter at the urging of the gentleman from New York and
me to President Wolfensohn about this. This is appalling. The World
Bank is ignoring its own standards on resettlement as well as the
environment. There are many reasons why they should not have gone down
this road. I do not like what they are doing as far as Tibet is
concerned. We have fought that in this House year in and year out. And
now the World Bank is asking those of us who have not only opposed the
Chinese policy of resettlement in the Tibetan areas of Han Chinese,
they are asking us to pay for it by our contribution to the World Bank.
The World Bank did a very stupid thing. The World Bank has invited
some very, very close scrutiny in terms of resettlement and environment
which, as I say, are violated in what they have done. June 30 marked
the end of any IDA funding to China. The other poor people in the world
will pay the price for what the World Bank refused to listen to us on.
The Chinese government has had its way with the World Bank and I think
that it is appalling. But as one who has fought the fight with the
gentleman against the repression in China year in and year out, I
cannot let the Chinese regime take assistance away from people in other
parts of the world because of their behavior there, and just because
the World Bank has done something I do not like does not mean that we
should take away their funding.
So sharing every value that the gentleman presented, agreeing
completely that the World Bank is wrong, wrong, wrong on many scores as
far as this is concerned, appalled by the ethnic cleansing that this
represents on the part of the Chinese government, but nonetheless
saying that we cannot take any more money from the fund that goes for
the poorest of the poor people.
I find myself in a very difficult place, Mr. Chairman, but because I
was going to have to vote ``no'' on the gentleman's amendment, I wanted
to explain to my colleagues why. He is completely right, but I have a
counter-equity that outweighs that.
Mr. Chairman, I urge my colleagues, well, I do not urge anybody to do
anything. I am just telling them why I will be voting ``no,'' because I
have resisted the gentleman's $224 million cut and do not see how then
to go on and support an additional cut to IDA. With that and with the
deepest respect for the chairman of the Committee on International
Relations and begging his forgiveness because he has been the champion
on Tibet, the champion on Tibet, I offer that explanation to the body.
Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. Chairman, I rise in support of the amendment.
Mr. Chairman, I entirely support the effort of the gentleman from New
York here. I know of no stronger champion of human rights in the House.
I do not think I am going to be contradicted in that degree at all. But
there is one argument that has been made that requires a rebuttal, and,
that is, that if we accept the gentleman from New York's amendment,
that we will deprive other recipients of the World Bank funds their
appropriate investments from the World Bank. That can be fixed. Indeed,
I went to the gentleman last night, and, gracious man that he was, he
agreed to accept an amendment to his amendment, regrettably it was not
in parliamentary order to do so, that the dollar-for-dollar reduction
that would be taken away from the World Bank for this purpose would
instead be given to the concessional wing of the Africa Development
Fund which gives the lowest income, the most neediest countries in
Africa loans for development projects when they cannot otherwise
receive such development projects.
What I have and will introduce at the right time, which will be very
soon, is an amendment at the desk to plus-up that account for the
Africa Development Fund by exactly the amount that the gentleman from
New York is reducing the IDA account because of the World Bank's
mistake. So with that

[[Page H6690]]

understanding, and obviously there are many other possibilities but
this is the one that occurred to me and that I brought to the gentleman
that he, I am proud to say, agreed with, but with that understanding I
do not think there is any merit to the argument that accepting the
gentleman from New York's amendment will disadvantage the really needy
countries on Earth. In fact, the World Bank traditionally spends about
50 percent of its money in sub-Saharan Africa. This will kick it over
to 100 percent.
Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. CAMPBELL. I yield to the gentleman from New York.
Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Chairman, I want to commend the gentleman from
California for his support of the Campbell-Payne amendment to transfer
funds to the African Development Fund. I look forward to supporting him
with regard to that amendment.
Mr. CAMPBELL. I reclaim my time. I thank the gentleman. I repeat that
I have the highest admiration for him and what he is attempting to do
tonight.
I will conclude with just a word on behalf of the authorizers. The
authorizers are supposed to know something about the field. I do not
claim that I do. I do claim that the gentleman from New York does and
that he is entitled to a substantial amount of respect when he speaks
in these areas. I urge support for his amendment.
Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the requisite
number of words.
Mr. Chairman, I just want to associate myself with the remarks of the
gentleman from New York, the chairman of our full committee, and just
to say a couple of words.
What were they thinking, lending money to a government like China to
move people around involuntarily?
I was looking at an internal World Bank document and I cannot believe
this. One of the people that they have hired will be working on an
involuntary resettlement action plan. Involuntary. Not voluntary,
involuntary.
I think the amendment is timely and important. This is not the first
time, I say to my colleagues, in recent years that the bank's arrogance
has resulted in tragedy for helpless citizens of a brutal regime. An
Indonesian human rights advocate at one of my subcommittee hearings
during the last days of the Suharto regime said that ``the people of
Indonesia had nothing to say about creating that large debt but the
World Bank is determined to democratize its repayment.'' The bank was
warned that it was subsidizing corruption throughout and yet continued
to do so. Here we have a mass transmigration of people against their
will--and again, this is involuntary. I hope the gentleman from New
York's amendment will prevail.
The CHAIRMAN. The question is on the amendment offered by the
gentleman from New York (Mr. Gilman).
The amendment was agreed to.
The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will read.
The Clerk read as follows:

contribution to the inter-american development bank

For payment to the Inter-American Development Bank by the
Secretary of the Treasury, for the United States share of the
paid-in share portion of the increase in capital stock,
$25,610,667, to remain available until expended.

CONTRIBUTION to the INTER-AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK

limitation on callable capital subscriptions

The United States Governor of the Inter-American
Development Bank may subscribe without fiscal year limitation
to the callable capital portion of the United States share of
such capital stock in an amount not to exceed $1,503,718,910.

contribution to the asian development bank

For payment to the Asian Development Bank by the Secretary
of the Treasury for the United States share of the paid-in
portion of the increase in capital stock, $13,728,263, to
remain available until expended.

limitation on callable capital subscriptions

The United States Governor of the Asian Development Bank
may subscribe without fiscal year limitation to the callable
capital portion of the United States share of such capital
stock in an amount not to exceed $672,745,205.

contribution to the asian development fund

For the United States contribution by the Secretary of the
Treasury to the increase in resources of the Asian
Development Fund, as authorized by the Asian Development Bank
Act, as amended, $100,000,000, to remain available until
expended.

contribution to the african development fund

For the United States contribution by the Secretary of the
Treasury to the increase in resources of the African
Development Fund, $100,000,000, to remain available until
expended.

Amendment Offered by Mr. Campbell

Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment.
The Clerk read as follows:

Amendment offered by Mr. Campbell:
Page 33, line 16, after the dollar amount insert
``(increased by $8,000,000)''.

Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. Chairman, the amendment as offered by myself and
also by the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Payne), it is this amendment
to which I referred to earlier. It would allocate the $8 million, which
has now been reduced from the IDA account because of the World Bank's
lending to the forced repatriation or relocation of Chinese to Tibet,
instead to the Africa Development Fund. I note that the amount had been
$120 million last year. It is now $100 million, so this will only bring
it up to $108 million. I also note it is not for arrears.

{time} 2100

The CHAIRMAN. The question is on the amendment offered by the
gentleman from California (Mr. Campbell).
The amendment was agreed to.
The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will read.
The Clerk read as follows:

contribution to the european bank for reconstruction and development

For payment to the European Bank for Reconstruction and
Development by the Secretary of the Treasury, $35,778,717,
for the United States share of the paid-in portion of the
increase in capital stock, to remain available until
expended.

limitation on callable capital subscriptions

The United States Governor of the European Bank for
Reconstruction and Development may subscribe without fiscal
year limitation to the callable capital portion of the United
States share of such capital stock in an amount not to exceed
$123,237,803.

International Organizations and Programs

For necessary expenses to carry out the provisions of
section 301 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, and of
section 2 of the United Nations Environment Program
Participation Act of 1973, $167,000,000: Provided, That none
of the funds appropriated under this heading shall be made
available for the United Nations Fund for Science and
Technology: Provided further, That none of the funds made
available under this heading, may be provided to the Climate
Stabilization Fund until fifteen days after the Department of
State provides a report to the Committees on Foreign
Relations and Appropriations in the Senate and the Committees
on International Relations and Appropriations in the House of
Representatives that contains the number of employees of the
Fund, their functions and salaries, and descriptions of the
Fund's activities, programs, and projects (including
associated costs) for the fiscal years 1999 and 2000:
Provided further, That none of the funds appropriated under
this heading may be made available to the Korean Peninsula
Energy Development Organization (KEDO) or the International
Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).

TITLE V--GENERAL PROVISIONS

obligations during last month of availability

Sec. 501. Except for the appropriations entitled
``International Disaster Assistance'', and ``United States
Emergency Refugee and Migration Assistance Fund'', not more
than 15 percent of any appropriation item made available by
this Act shall be obligated during the last month of
availability.

prohibition of bilateral funding for international financial
institutions

Sec. 502. Notwithstanding section 614 of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961, none of the funds contained in title
II of this Act may be used to carry out the provisions of
section 209(d) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961:
Provided, That none of the funds appropriated by title II of
this Act may be transferred by the Agency for International
Development directly to an international financial
institution (as defined in section 533 of this Act) for the
purpose of repaying a foreign country's loan obligations to
such institution.

limitation on residence expenses

Sec. 503. Of the funds appropriated or made available
pursuant to this Act, not to exceed $126,500 shall be for
official residence expenses of the Agency for International
Development during the current fiscal year: Provided, That
appropriate steps shall be taken to assure that, to the
maximum extent possible, United States-owned foreign
currencies are utilized in lieu of dollars.

limitation on expenses

Sec. 504. Of the funds appropriated or made available
pursuant to this Act, not to exceed

[[Page H6691]]

$5,000 shall be for entertainment expenses of the Agency for
International Development during the current fiscal year.

Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent that the
remainder of the bill through page 116, line 8, be considered as read,
printed in the Record and open to amendment at any point.
The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from
Alabama?
There was no objection.
The text of the bill from page 36, line 11 through page 116, line 8,
is as follows:

limitation on representational allowances

Sec. 505. Of the funds appropriated or made available
pursuant to this Act, not to exceed $95,000 shall be
available for representation allowances for the Agency for
International Development during the current fiscal year:
Provided, That appropriate steps shall be taken to assure
that, to the maximum extent possible, United States-owned
foreign currencies are utilized in lieu of dollars: Provided
further, That of the funds made available by this Act for
general costs of administering military assistance and sales
under the heading ``Foreign Military Financing Program'', not
to exceed $2,000 shall be available for entertainment
expenses and not to exceed $50,000 shall be available for
representation allowances: Provided further, That of the
funds made available by this Act under the heading
``International Military Education and Training '', not to
exceed $50,000 shall be available for entertainment
allowances: Provided further, That of the funds made
available by this Act for the Inter-American Foundation, not
to exceed $2,000 shall be available for entertainment and
representation allowances: Provided further, That of the
funds made available by this Act for the Peace Corps, not to
exceed a total of $4,000 shall be available for entertainment
expenses: Provided further, That of the funds made available
by this Act under the heading ``Trade and Development
Agency'', not to exceed $2,000 shall be available for
representation and entertainment allowances.

prohibition on financing nuclear goods

Sec. 506. None of the funds appropriated or made available
(other than funds for ``Nonproliferation, Anti-terrorism,
Demining and Related Programs'') pursuant to this Act, for
carrying out the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, may be used,
except for purposes of nuclear safety, to finance the export
of nuclear equipment, fuel, or technology.

prohibition against direct funding for certain countries

Sec. 507. None of the funds appropriated or otherwise made
available pursuant to this Act shall be obligated or expended
to finance directly any assistance or reparations to Cuba,
Iraq, Libya, North Korea, Iran, Sudan, or Syria: Provided,
That for purposes of this section, the prohibition on
obligations or expenditures shall include direct loans,
credits, insurance and guarantees of the Export-Import Bank
or its agents.

military coups

Sec. 508. None of the funds appropriated or otherwise made
available pursuant to this Act shall be obligated or expended
to finance directly any assistance to any country whose duly
elected head of government is deposed by military coup or
decree: Provided, That assistance may be resumed to such
country if the President determines and reports to the
Committees on Appropriations that subsequent to the
termination of assistance a democratically elected government
has taken office.

transfers between accounts

Sec. 509. None of the funds made available by this Act may
be obligated under an appropriation account to which they
were not appropriated, except for transfers specifically
provided for in this Act, unless the President, prior to the
exercise of any authority contained in the Foreign Assistance
Act of 1961 to transfer funds, consults with and provides a
written policy justification to the Committees on
Appropriations of the House of Representatives and the
Senate: Provided, That the exercise of such authority shall
be subject to the regular notification procedures of the
Committees on Appropriations.

deobligation/reobligation authority

Sec. 510. (a) Amounts certified pursuant to section 1311 of
the Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1955, as having been
obligated against appropriations heretofore made under the
authority of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 for the same
general purpose as any of the headings under title II of this
Act are, if deobligated, hereby continued available for the
same period as the respective appropriations under such
headings or until September 30, 2000, whichever is later, and
for the same general purpose, and for countries within the
same region as originally obligated: Provided, That the
Appropriations Committees of both Houses of the Congress are
notified 15 days in advance of the reobligation of such funds
in accordance with regular notification procedures of the
Committees on Appropriations.
(b) Obligated balances of funds appropriated to carry out
section 23 of the Arms Export Control Act as of the end of
the fiscal year immediately preceding the current fiscal year
are, if deobligated, hereby continued available during the
current fiscal year for the same purpose under any authority
applicable to such appropriations under this Act: Provided,
That the authority of this subsection may not be used in
fiscal year 2000.

availability of funds

Sec. 511. No part of any appropriation contained in this
Act shall remain available for obligation after the
expiration of the current fiscal year unless expressly so
provided in this Act: Provided, That funds appropriated for
the purposes of chapters 1, 8, and 11 of part I, section 667,
and chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of
1961, as amended, and funds provided under the heading
``Assistance for Eastern Europe and the Baltic States'',
shall remain available until expended if such funds are
initially obligated before the expiration of their respective
periods of availability contained in this Act: Provided
further, That, notwithstanding any other provision of this
Act, any funds made available for the purposes of chapter 1
of part I and chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign Assistance
Act of 1961 which are allocated or obligated for cash
disbursements in order to address balance of payments or
economic policy reform objectives, shall remain available
until expended: Provided further, That the report required by
section 653(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 shall
designate for each country, to the extent known at the time
of submission of such report, those funds allocated for cash
disbursement for balance of payment and economic policy
reform purposes.

limitation on assistance to countries in default

Sec. 512. No part of any appropriation contained in this
Act shall be used to furnish assistance to any country which
is in default during a period in excess of one calendar year
in payment to the United States of principal or interest on
any loan made to such country by the United States pursuant
to a program for which funds are appropriated under this Act:
Provided, That this section and section 620(q) of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961 shall not apply to funds made
available in this Act or during the current fiscal year for
Nicaragua, Brazil, Liberia, and for any narcotics-related
assistance for Colombia, Bolivia, and Peru authorized by the
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 or the Arms Export Control
Act.

commerce and trade

Sec. 513. (a) None of the funds appropriated or made
available pursuant to this Act for direct assistance and none
of the funds otherwise made available pursuant to this Act to
the Export-Import Bank and the Overseas Private Investment
Corporation shall be obligated or expended to finance any
loan, any assistance or any other financial commitments for
establishing or expanding production of any commodity for
export by any country other than the United States, if the
commodity is likely to be in surplus on world markets at the
time the resulting productive capacity is expected to become
operative and if the assistance will cause substantial injury
to United States producers of the same, similar, or competing
commodity: Provided, That such prohibition shall not apply to
the Export-Import Bank if in the judgment of its Board of
Directors the benefits to industry and employment in the
United States are likely to outweigh the injury to United
States producers of the same, similar, or competing
commodity, and the Chairman of the Board so notifies the
Committees on Appropriations.
(b) None of the funds appropriated by this or any other Act
to carry out chapter 1 of part I of the Foreign Assistance
Act of 1961 shall be available for any testing or breeding
feasibility study, variety improvement or introduction,
consultancy, publication, conference, or training in
connection with the growth or production in a foreign country
of an agricultural commodity for export which would compete
with a similar commodity grown or produced in the United
States: Provided, That this subsection shall not prohibit--
(1) activities designed to increase food security in
developing countries where such activities will not have a
significant impact in the export of agricultural commodities
of the United States; or
(2) research activities intended primarily to benefit
American producers.

surplus commodities

Sec. 514. (a) The Secretary of the Treasury shall instruct
the United States Executive Directors of the International
Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the International
Development Association, the International Finance
Corporation, the Inter-American Development Bank, the
International Monetary Fund, the Asian Development Bank, the
Inter-American Investment Corporation, the North American
Development Bank, the European Bank for Reconstruction and
Development, the African Development Bank, and the African
Development Fund to use the voice and vote of the United
States to oppose any assistance by these institutions, using
funds appropriated or made available pursuant to this Act,
for the production or extraction of any commodity or mineral
for export, if it is in surplus on world markets and if the
assistance will cause substantial injury to United States
producers of the same, similar, or competing commodity.
(b) The Secretary of the Treasury should instruct the
United States executive directors of international financial
institutions listed in subsection (a) of this section to use
the voice and vote of the United States to

[[Page H6692]]

support the purchase of American produced agricultural
commodities with funds appropriated or made available
pursuant to this Act.

notification requirements

Sec. 515. (a) For the purposes of providing the executive
branch with the necessary administrative flexibility, none of
the funds made available under this Act for ``Child Survival
and Disease Programs Fund'', ``Development Assistance'',
``International Organizations and Programs'', ``Trade and
Development Agency'', ``International Narcotics Control and
Law Enforcement'', ``Assistance for Eastern Europe and the
Baltic States'', ``Assistance for the Independent States of
the Former Soviet Union'', ``Economic Support Fund'',
``Peacekeeping operations'', ``Operating Expenses of the
Agency for International Development'', ``Operating Expenses
of the Agency for International Development Office of
Inspector General'', ``Nonproliferation, Anti-terrorism,
Demining and Related Programs'', ``International Affairs
Technical Assistance'', ``Foreign Military Financing
Program'', ``International Military Education and Training
'', ``Peace Corps'', ``Migration and Refugee Assistance'',
shall be available for obligation for activities, programs,
projects, type of materiel assistance, countries, or other
operations not justified or in excess of the amount justified
to the Appropriations Committees for obligation under any of
these specific headings unless the Appropriations Committees
of both Houses of Congress are previously notified 15 days in
advance: Provided, That the President shall not enter into
any commitment of funds appropriated for the purposes of
section 23 of the Arms Export Control Act for the provision
of major defense equipment, other than conventional
ammunition, or other major defense items defined to be
aircraft, ships, missiles, or combat vehicles, not previously
justified to Congress or 20 percent in excess of the
quantities justified to Congress unless the Committees on
Appropriations are notified 15 days in advance of such
commitment: Provided further, That this section shall not
apply to any reprogramming for an activity, program, or
project under chapter 1 of part I of the Foreign Assistance
Act of 1961 of less than 10 percent of the amount previously
justified to the Congress for obligation for such activity,
program, or project for the current fiscal year: Provided
further, That the requirements of this section or any similar
provision of this Act or any other Act, including any prior
Act requiring notification in accordance with the regular
notification procedures of the Committees on Appropriations,
may be waived if failure to do so would pose a substantial
risk to human health or welfare: Provided further, That in
case of any such waiver, notification to the Congress, or the
appropriate congressional committees, shall be provided as
early as practicable, but in no event later than three days
after taking the action to which such notification
requirement was applicable, in the context of the
circumstances necessitating such waiver: Provided further,
That any notification provided pursuant to such a waiver
shall contain an explanation of the emergency circumstances.
(b) Drawdowns made pursuant to section 506(a)(2) of the
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 shall be subject to the
regular notification procedures of the Committees on
Appropriations.

limitation on availability of funds for international organizations and
programs

Sec. 516. Subject to the regular notification procedures of
the Committees on Appropriations, funds appropriated under
this Act or any previously enacted Act making appropriations
for foreign operations, export financing, and related
programs, which are returned or not made available for
organizations and programs because of the implementation of
section 307(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, shall
remain available for obligation until September 30, 2001.

independent states of the former soviet union

Sec. 517. (a) None of the funds appropriated under the
heading ``Assistance for the Independent States of the Former
Soviet Union'' shall be made available for assistance for a
Government of an Independent State of the former Soviet
Union--
(1) unless that Government is making progress in
implementing comprehensive economic reforms based on market
principles, private ownership, respect for commercial
contracts, and equitable treatment of foreign private
investment; and
(2) if that Government applies or transfers United States
assistance to any entity for the purpose of expropriating or
seizing ownership or control of assets, investments, or
ventures.
Assistance may be furnished without regard to this subsection
if the President determines that to do so is in the national
interest.
(b) None of the funds appropriated under the heading
``Assistance for the Independent States of the Former Soviet
Union'' shall be made available for assistance for a
Government of an Independent State of the former Soviet Union
if that government directs any action in violation of the
territorial integrity or national sovereignty of any other
Independent State of the former Soviet Union, such as those
violations included in the Helsinki Final Act: Provided, That
such funds may be made available without regard to the
restriction in this subsection if the President determines
that to do so is in the national security interest of the
United States.
(c) None of the funds appropriated under the heading
``Assistance for the Independent States of the Former Soviet
Union'' shall be made available for any state to enhance its
military capability: Provided, That this restriction does not
apply to demilitarization, demining or nonproliferation
programs.
(d) Funds appropriated under the heading ``Assistance for
the Independent States of the Former Soviet Union'' shall be
subject to the regular notification procedures of the
Committees on Appropriations.
(e) Funds made available in this Act for assistance for the
Independent States of the former Soviet Union shall be
subject to the provisions of section 117 (relating to
environment and natural resources) of the Foreign Assistance
Act of 1961.
(f) Funds appropriated in this or prior appropriations Acts
that are or have been made available for an Enterprise Fund
in the Independent States of the Former Soviet Union may be
deposited by such Fund in interest-bearing accounts prior to
the disbursement of such funds by the Fund for program
purposes. The Fund may retain for such program purposes any
interest earned on such deposits without returning such
interest to the Treasury of the United States and without
further appropriation by the Congress. Funds made available
for Enterprise Funds shall be expended at the minimum rate
necessary to make timely payment for projects and activities.
(g) In issuing new task orders, entering into contracts, or
making grants, with funds appropriated in this Act or prior
appropriations Acts under the headings ``Assistance for the
New Independent States of the Former Soviet Union'' and
``Assistance for the Independent States of the Former Soviet
Union'', for projects or activities that have as one of their
primary purposes the fostering of private sector development,
the Coordinator for United States Assistance to the New
Independent States and the implementing agency shall
encourage the participation of and give significant weight to
contractors and grantees who propose investing a significant
amount of their own resources (including volunteer services
and in-kind contributions) in such projects and activities.

prohibition on funding for abortions and involuntary sterilization

Sec. 518. None of the funds made available to carry out
part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended, may
be used to pay for the performance of abortions as a method
of family planning or to motivate or coerce any person to
practice abortions. None of the funds made available to carry
out part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended,
may be used to pay for the performance of involuntary
sterilization as a method of family planning or to coerce or
provide any financial incentive to any person to undergo
sterilizations. None of the funds made available to carry out
part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended, may
be used to pay for any biomedical research which relates in
whole or in part, to methods of, or the performance of,
abortions or involuntary sterilization as a means of family
planning. None of the funds made available to carry out part
I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended, may be
obligated or expended for any country or organization if the
President certifies that the use of these funds by any such
country or organization would violate any of the above
provisions related to abortions and involuntary
sterilizations: Provided, That none of the funds made
available under this Act may be used to lobby for or against
abortion.

export financing transfer authorities

Sec. 519. Not to exceed 5 percent of any appropriation
other than for administrative expenses made available for
fiscal year 2000, for programs under title I of this Act may
be transferred between such appropriations for use for any of
the purposes, programs, and activities for which the funds in
such receiving account may be used, but no such
appropriation, except as otherwise specifically provided,
shall be increased by more than 25 percent by any such
transfer: Provided, That the exercise of such authority shall
be subject to the regular notification procedures of the
Committees on Appropriations.

special notification requirements

Sec. 520. None of the funds appropriated by this Act shall
be obligated or expended for Colombia, Haiti, Liberia,
Pakistan, Panama, Serbia, Sudan, or the Democratic Republic
of Congo except as provided through the regular notification
procedures of the Committees on Appropriations.

definition of program, project, and activity

Sec. 521. For the purpose of this Act, ``program, project,
and activity'' shall be defined at the appropriations Act
account level and shall include all appropriations and
authorizations Acts earmarks, ceilings, and limitations with
the exception that for the following accounts: Economic
Support Fund and Foreign Military Financing Program,
``program, project, and activity'' shall also be considered
to include country, regional, and central program level
funding within each such account; for the development
assistance accounts of the Agency for International
Development ``program, project, and activity'' shall also be
considered to include central program level funding, either
as: (1) justified to the Congress; or (2) allocated by the
executive branch in accordance

[[Page H6693]]

with a report, to be provided to the Committees on
Appropriations within 30 days of enactment of this Act, as
required by section 653(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of
1961.

child survival and disease prevention activities

Sec. 522. Up to $10,000,000 of the funds made available by
this Act for assistance under the heading ``Child Survival
and Disease Programs Fund'', may be used to reimburse United
States Government agencies, agencies of State governments,
institutions of higher learning, and private and voluntary
organizations for the full cost of individuals (including for
the personal services of such individuals) detailed or
assigned to, or contracted by, as the case may be, the Agency
for International Development for the purpose of carrying out
child survival basic education, and infectious disease
activities: Provided, That funds appropriated by this Act
that are made available for child survival activities or
disease programs including activities relating to research
on, and the prevention, treatment and control of, Acquired
Immune Deficiency Syndrome may be made available
notwithstanding any provision of law that restricts
assistance to foreign countries: Provided further, That funds
appropriated under title II of this Act may be made available
pursuant to section 301 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961
if a primary purpose of the assistance is for child survival
and related programs: Provided further, That funds
appropriated by this Act that are made available for family
planning activities may be made available notwithstanding
section 512 of this Act and section 620(q) of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961.

prohibition against indirect funding to certain countries

Sec. 523. None of the funds appropriated or otherwise made
available pursuant to this Act shall be obligated to finance
indirectly any assistance or reparations to Cuba, Iraq,
Libya, Iran, Syria, North Korea, or the People's Republic of
China, unless the President of the United States certifies
that the withholding of these funds is contrary to the
national interest of the United States.

NOTIFICATION ON EXCESS DEFENSE EQUIPMENT

Sec. 524. Prior to providing excess Department of Defense
articles in accordance with section 516(a) of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961, the Department of Defense shall
notify the Committees on Appropriations to the same extent
and under the same conditions as are other committees
pursuant to subsection (c) of that section: Provided, That
before issuing a letter of offer to sell excess defense
articles under the Arms Export Control Act, the Department of
Defense shall notify the Committees on Appropriations in
accordance with the regular notification procedures of such
Committees: Provided further, That such Committees shall also
be informed of the original acquisition cost of such defense
articles.

AUTHORIZATION REQUIREMENT

Sec. 525. Funds appropriated by this Act may be obligated
and expended notwithstanding section 10 of Public Law 91-672
and section 15 of the State Department Basic Authorities Act
of 1956.

democracy in china

Sec. 526. Notwithstanding any other provision of law that
restricts assistance to foreign countries, funds appropriated
by this Act for ``Economic Support Fund'' may be made
available to provide general support and grants for
nongovernmental organizations located outside the People's
Republic of China that have as their primary purpose
fostering democracy in that country, and for activities of
nongovernmental organizations located outside the People's
Republic of China to foster democracy in that country:
Provided, That none of the funds made available for
activities to foster democracy in the People's Republic of
China may be made available for assistance to the government
of that country: Provided further, That funds made available
pursuant to the authority of this section shall be subject to
the regular notification procedures of the Committees on
Appropriations.

PROHIBITION ON BILATERAL ASSISTANCE TO TERRORIST COUNTRIES

Sec. 527. (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law,
funds appropriated for bilateral assistance under any heading
of this Act and funds appropriated under any such heading in
a provision of law enacted prior to enactment of this Act,
shall not be made available to any country which the
President determines--
(1) grants sanctuary from prosecution to any individual or
group which has committed an act of international terrorism,
or
(2) otherwise supports international terrorism.
(b) The President may waive the application of subsection
(a) to a country if the President determines that national
security or humanitarian reasons justify such waiver. The
President shall publish each waiver in the Federal Register
and, at least fifteen days before the waiver takes effect,
shall notify the Committees on Appropriations of the waiver
(including the justification for the waiver) in accordance
with the regular notification procedures of the Committees on
Appropriations.

COMMERCIAL LEASING OF DEFENSE ARTICLES

Sec. 528. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, and
subject to the regular notification procedures of the
Committees on Appropriations, the authority of section 23(a)
of the Arms Export Control Act may be used to provide
financing to Israel, Egypt and NATO and major non-NATO allies
for the procurement by leasing (including leasing with an
option to purchase) of defense articles from United States
commercial suppliers, not including Major Defense Equipment
(other than helicopters and other types of aircraft having
possible civilian application), if the President determines
that there are compelling foreign policy or national security
reasons for those defense articles being provided by
commercial lease rather than by government-to-government sale
under such Act.

COMPETITIVE INSURANCE

Sec. 529. All Agency for International Development
contracts and solicitations, and subcontracts entered into
under such contracts, shall include a clause requiring that
United States insurance companies have a fair opportunity to
bid for insurance when such insurance is necessary or
appropriate.

STINGERS IN THE PERSIAN GULF REGION

Sec. 530. Except as provided in section 581 of the Foreign
Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs
Appropriations Act, 1990, the United States may not sell or
otherwise make available any Stingers to any country
bordering the Persian Gulf under the Arms Export Control Act
or chapter 2 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of
1961.

DEBT-FOR-DEVELOPMENT

Sec. 531. In order to enhance the continued participation
of nongovernmental organizations in economic assistance
activities under the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961,
including endowments, debt-for-development and debt-for-
nature exchanges, a nongovernmental organization which is a
grantee or contractor of the Agency for International
Development may place in interest bearing accounts funds made
available under this Act or prior Acts or local currencies
which accrue to that organization as a result of economic
assistance provided under title II of this Act and any
interest earned on such investment shall be used for the
purpose for which the assistance was provided to that
organization.

SEPARATE ACCOUNTS

Sec. 532. (a) Separate Accounts for Local Currencies.--(1)
If assistance is furnished to the government of a foreign
country under chapters 1 and 10 of part I or chapter 4 of
part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 under
agreements which result in the generation of local currencies
of that country, the Administrator of the Agency for
International Development shall--
(A) require that local currencies be deposited in a
separate account established by that government;
(B) enter into an agreement with that government which sets
forth--
(i) the amount of the local currencies to be generated, and
(ii) the terms and conditions under which the currencies so
deposited may be utilized, consistent with this section; and
(C) establish by agreement with that government the
responsibilities of the Agency for International Development
and that government to monitor and account for deposits into
and disbursements from the separate account.
(2) Uses of Local Currencies.--As may be agreed upon with
the foreign government, local currencies deposited in a
separate account pursuant to subsection (a), or an equivalent
amount of local currencies, shall be used only--
(A) to carry out chapters 1 or 10 of part I or chapter 4 of
part II (as the case may be), for such purposes as--
(i) project and sector assistance activities, or
(ii) debt and deficit financing, or
(B) for the administrative requirements of the United
States Government.
(3) Programming Accountability.--The Agency for
International Development shall take all necessary steps to
ensure that the equivalent of the local currencies disbursed
pursuant to subsection (a)(2)(A) from the separate account
established pursuant to subsection (a)(1) are used for the
purposes agreed upon pursuant to subsection (a)(2).
(4) Termination of Assistance Programs.--Upon termination
of assistance to a country under chapters 1 or 10 of part I
or chapter 4 of part II (as the case may be), any
unencumbered balances of funds which remain in a separate
account established pursuant to subsection (a) shall be
disposed of for such purposes as may be agreed to by the
government of that country and the United States Government.
(5) Reporting Requirement.--The Administrator of the Agency
for International Development shall report on an annual basis
as part of the justification documents submitted to the
Committees on Appropriations on the use of local currencies
for the administrative requirements of the United States
Government as authorized in subsection (a)(2)(B), and such
report shall include the amount of local currency (and United
States dollar equivalent) used and/or to be used for such
purpose in each applicable country.
(b) Separate Accounts for Cash Transfers.--(1) If
assistance is made available to the government of a foreign
country, under chapters 1 or 10 of part I or chapter 4 of
part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as cash
transfer assistance or as nonproject sector assistance, that
country shall be required to maintain such funds in a
separate account and not commingle them with any other funds.
(2) Applicability of Other Provisions of Law.--Such funds
may be obligated and expended notwithstanding provisions of
law

[[Page H6694]]

which are inconsistent with the nature of this assistance
including provisions which are referenced in the Joint
Explanatory Statement of the Committee of Conference
accompanying House Joint Resolution 648 (H. Report No. 98-
1159).
(3) Notification.--At least fifteen days prior to
obligating any such cash transfer or nonproject sector
assistance, the President shall submit a notification through
the regular notification procedures of the Committees on
Appropriations, which shall include a detailed description of
how the funds proposed to be made available will be used,
with a discussion of the United States interests that will be
served by the assistance (including, as appropriate, a
description of the economic policy reforms that will be
promoted by such assistance).
(4) Exemption.--Nonproject sector assistance funds may be
exempt from the requirements of subsection (b)(1) only
through the notification procedures of the Committees on
Appropriations.

compensation for united states executive directors to international
financial institutions

Sec. 533. (a) No funds appropriated by this Act may be made
as payment to any international financial institution while
the United States Executive Director to such institution is
compensated by the institution at a rate which, together with
whatever compensation such Director receives from the United
States, is in excess of the rate provided for an individual
occupying a position at level IV of the Executive Schedule
under section 5315 of title 5, United States Code, or while
any alternate United States Director to such institution is
compensated by the institution at a rate in excess of the
rate provided for an individual occupying a position at level
V of the Executive Schedule under section 5316 of title 5,
United States Code.
(b) For purposes of this section, ``international financial
institutions'' are: the International Bank for Reconstruction
and Development, the Inter-American Development Bank, the
Asian Development Bank, the Asian Development Fund, the
African Development Bank, the African Development Fund, the
International Monetary Fund, the North American Development
Bank, and the European Bank for Reconstruction and
Development.

compliance with united nations sanctions against iraq

Sec. 534. None of the funds appropriated or otherwise made
available pursuant to this Act to carry out the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961 (including title IV of chapter 2 of
part I, relating to the Overseas Private Investment
Corporation) or the Arms Export Control Act may be used to
provide assistance to any country that is not in compliance
with the United Nations Security Council sanctions against
Iraq unless the President determines and so certifies to the
Congress that--
(1) such assistance is in the national interest of the
United States;
(2) such assistance will directly benefit the needy people
in that country; or
(3) the assistance to be provided will be humanitarian
assistance for foreign nationals who have fled Iraq and
Kuwait.

authorities for the peace corps, the inter-american foundation, the
african development foundation and the international fund for
agricultural development

Sec. 535. (a) Unless expressly provided to the contrary,
provisions of this or any other Act, including provisions
contained in prior Acts authorizing or making appropriations
for foreign operations, export financing, and related
programs, shall not be construed to prohibit activities
authorized by or conducted under the Peace Corps Act, the
Inter-American Foundation Act, or the African Development
Foundation Act. The appropriate agency shall promptly report
to the Committees on Appropriations whenever it is conducting
activities or is proposing to conduct activities in a country
for which assistance is prohibited.
(b) Unless expressly provided to the contrary, limitations
on the availability of funds for ``International
Organizations and Programs'' in this or any other Act,
including prior appropriations Acts, shall not be construed
to be applicable to the International Fund for Agricultural
Development.

impact on jobs in the united states

Sec. 536. None of the funds appropriated by this Act may be
obligated or expended to provide--
(a) any financial incentive to a business enterprise
currently located in the United States for the purpose of
inducing such an enterprise to relocate outside the United
States if such incentive or inducement is likely to reduce
the number of employees of such business enterprise in the
United States because United States production is being
replaced by such enterprise outside the United States;
(b) assistance for the purpose of establishing or
developing in a foreign country any export processing zone or
designated area in which the tax, tariff, labor, environment,
and safety laws of that country do not apply, in part or in
whole, to activities carried out within that zone or area,
unless the President determines and certifies that such
assistance is not likely to cause a loss of jobs within the
United States; or
(c) assistance for any project or activity that contributes
to the violation of internationally recognized workers
rights, as defined in section 502(a)(4) of the Trade Act of
1974, of workers in the recipient country, including any
designated zone or area in that country: Provided, That in
recognition that the application of this subsection should be
commensurate with the level of development of the recipient
country and sector, the provisions of this subsection shall
not preclude assistance for the informal sector in such
country, micro and small-scale enterprise, and smallholder
agriculture.

funding prohibition for serbia

Sec. 537. None of the funds appropriated by this Act may be
made available for assistance for the Republic of Serbia:
Provided, That this restriction shall not apply to assistance
for Kosova or Montenegro, or to assistance to promote
democratization.

special authorities

Sec. 538. (a) Funds appropriated in titles I and II of this
Act that are made available for Afghanistan, Lebanon,
Montenegro, and for victims of war, displaced children,
displaced Burmese, humanitarian assistance for Romania, and
humanitarian assistance for the peoples of Kosova, may be
made available notwithstanding any other provision of law.
(b) Funds appropriated by this Act to carry out the
provisions of sections 103 through 106 of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961 may be used, notwithstanding any other
provision of law, for the purpose of supporting tropical
forestry and biodiversity conservation activities and,
subject to the regular notification procedures of the
Committees on Appropriations, energy programs aimed at
reducing greenhouse gas emissions: Provided, That such
assistance shall be subject to sections 116, 502B, and 620A
of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961.
(c) The Agency for International Development may employ
personal services contractors, notwithstanding any other
provision of law, for the purpose of administering programs
for the West Bank and Gaza.
(d)(1) Waiver.--The President may waive the provisions of
section 1003 of Public Law 100-204 if the President
determines and certifies in writing to the Speaker of the
House of Representatives and the President pro tempore of the
Senate that it is important to the national security
interests of the United States.
(2) Period of Application of Waiver.--Any waiver pursuant
to paragraph (1) shall be effective for no more than a period
of six months at a time and shall not apply beyond twelve
months after enactment of this Act.

policy on terminating the arab league boycott of israel

Sec. 539. It is the sense of the Congress that--
(1) the Arab League countries should immediately and
publicly renounce the primary boycott of Israel and the
secondary and tertiary boycott of American firms that have
commercial ties with Israel;
(2) the decision by the Arab League in 1997 to reinstate
the boycott against Israel was deeply troubling and
disappointing;
(3) the Arab League should immediately rescind its decision
on the boycott and its members should develop normal
relations with their neighbor Israel; and
(4) the President should--
(A) take more concrete steps to encourage vigorously Arab
League countries to renounce publicly the primary boycotts of
Israel and the secondary and tertiary boycotts of American
firms that have commercial relations with Israel as a
confidence-building measure;
(B) take into consideration the participation of any
recipient country in the primary boycott of Israel and the
secondary and tertiary boycotts of American firms that have
commercial relations with Israel when determining whether to
sell weapons to said country;
(C) report to Congress on the specific steps being taken by
the President to bring about a public renunciation of the
Arab primary boycott of Israel and the secondary and tertiary
boycotts of American firms that have commercial relations
with Israel and to expand the process of normalizing ties
between Arab League countries and Israel; and
(D) encourage the allies and trading partners of the United
States to enact laws prohibiting businesses from complying
with the boycott and penalizing businesses that do comply.

anti-narcotics activities

Sec. 540. (a) Of the funds appropriated by this Act for
``Economic Support Fund'', assistance may be provided to
strengthen the administration of justice in countries in
Latin America and the Caribbean and in other regions
consistent with the provisions of section 534(b) of the
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, except that programs to
enhance protection of participants in judicial cases may be
conducted notwithstanding section 660 of that Act.
(b) Funds made available pursuant to this section may be
made available notwithstanding section 534(c) and the second
and third sentences of section 534(e) of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961.

eligibility for assistance

Sec. 541. (a) Assistance Through Nongovernmental
Organizations.--Restrictions contained in this or any other
Act with respect to assistance for a country shall not be
construed to restrict assistance in support of programs of
nongovernmental organizations from funds appropriated by this
Act to carry out the provisions of chapters 1, 10, and

[[Page H6695]]

11 of part I and chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961, and from funds appropriated under the
heading ``Assistance for Eastern Europe and the Baltic
States'': Provided, That the President shall take into
consideration, in any case in which a restriction on
assistance would be applicable but for this subsection,
whether assistance in support of programs of nongovernmental
organizations is in the national interest of the United
States: Provided further, That before using the authority of
this subsection to furnish assistance in support of programs
of nongovernmental organizations, the President shall notify
the Committees on Appropriations under the regular
notification procedures of those committees, including a
description of the program to be assisted, the assistance to
be provided, and the reasons for furnishing such assistance:
Provided further, That nothing in this subsection shall be
construed to alter any existing statutory prohibitions
against abortion or involuntary sterilizations contained in
this or any other Act.
(b) Public Law 480.--During fiscal year 2000, restrictions
contained in this or any other Act with respect to assistance
for a country shall not be construed to restrict assistance
under the Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act
of 1954: Provided, That none of the funds appropriated to
carry out title I of such Act and made available pursuant to
this subsection may be obligated or expended except as
provided through the regular notification procedures of the
Committees on Appropriations.
(c) Exception.--This section shall not apply--
(1) with respect to section 620A of the Foreign Assistance
Act or any comparable provision of law prohibiting assistance
to countries that support international terrorism; or
(2) with respect to section 116 of the Foreign Assistance
Act of 1961 or any comparable provision of law prohibiting
assistance to countries that violate internationally
recognized human rights.

earmarks

Sec. 542. (a) Funds appropriated by this Act which are
earmarked may be reprogrammed for other programs within the
same account notwithstanding the earmark if compliance with
the earmark is made impossible by operation of any provision
of this or any other Act or, with respect to a country with
which the United States has an agreement providing the United
States with base rights or base access in that country, if
the President determines that the recipient for which funds
are earmarked has significantly reduced its military or
economic cooperation with the United States since enactment
of the Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related
Programs Appropriations Act, 1991; however, before exercising
the authority of this subsection with regard to a base rights
or base access country which has significantly reduced its
military or economic cooperation with the United States, the
President shall consult with, and shall provide a written
policy justification to the Committees on Appropriations:
Provided, That any such reprogramming shall be subject to the
regular notification procedures of the Committees on
Appropriations: Provided further, That assistance that is
reprogrammed pursuant to this subsection shall be made
available under the same terms and conditions as originally
provided.
(b) In addition to the authority contained in subsection
(a), the original period of availability of funds
appropriated by this Act and administered by the Agency for
International Development that are earmarked for particular
programs or activities by this or any other Act shall be
extended for an additional fiscal year if the Administrator
of such agency determines and reports promptly to the
Committees on Appropriations that the termination of
assistance to a country or a significant change in
circumstances makes it unlikely that such earmarked funds can
be obligated during the original period of availability:
Provided, That such earmarked funds that are continued
available for an additional fiscal year shall be obligated
only for the purpose of such earmark.

ceilings and earmarks

Sec. 543. Ceilings and earmarks contained in this Act shall
not be applicable to funds or authorities appropriated or
otherwise made available by any subsequent Act unless such
Act specifically so directs. Earmarks or minimum funding
requirements contained in any other Act shall not be
applicable to funds appropriated by this Act.

prohibition on publicity or propaganda

Sec. 544. No part of any appropriation contained in this
Act shall be used for publicity or propaganda purposes within
the United States not authorized before the date of enactment
of this Act by the Congress.

purchase of american-made equipment and products

Sec. 545. (a) To the maximum extent possible, assistance
provided under this Act should make full use of American
resources, including commodities, products, and services.
(b) It is the sense of the Congress that, to the greatest
extent practicable, all agriculture commodities, equipment
and products purchased with funds made available in this Act
should be American-made.
(c) In providing financial assistance to, or entering into
any contract with, any entity using funds made available in
this Act, the head of each Federal agency, to the greatest
extent practicable, shall provide to such entity a notice
describing the statement made in subsection (b) by the
Congress.

prohibition of payments to united nations members

Sec. 546. None of the funds appropriated or made available
pursuant to this Act for carrying out the Foreign Assistance
Act of 1961, may be used to pay in whole or in part any
assessments, arrearages, or dues of any member of the United
Nations or costs for attendance of another country's
delegation at international conferences.

consulting services

Sec. 547. The expenditure of any appropriation under this
Act for any consulting service through procurement contract,
pursuant to section 3109 of title 5, United States Code,
shall be limited to those contracts where such expenditures
are a matter of public record and available for public
inspection, except where otherwise provided under existing
law, or under existing Executive order pursuant to existing
law.

private voluntary organizations--documentation

Sec. 548. None of the funds appropriated or made available
pursuant to this Act shall be available to a private
voluntary organization which fails to provide upon timely
request any document, file, or record necessary to the
auditing requirements of the Agency for International
Development.

Prohibition on Assistance to Foreign Governments that Export Lethal
Military Equipment to Countries Supporting International Terrorism

Sec. 549. (a) None of the funds appropriated or otherwise
made available by this Act may be available to any foreign
government which provides lethal military equipment to a
country the government of which the Secretary of State has
determined is a terrorist government for purposes of section
40(d) of the Arms Export Control Act or any other comparable
provision of law. The prohibition under this section with
respect to a foreign government shall terminate 12 months
after that government ceases to provide such military
equipment. This section applies with respect to lethal
military equipment provided under a contract entered into
after October 1, 1997.
(b) Assistance restricted by subsection (a) or any other
similar provision of law, may be furnished if the President
determines that furnishing such assistance is important to
the national interests of the United States.
(c) Whenever the waiver of subsection (b) is exercised, the
President shall submit to the appropriate congressional
committees a report with respect to the furnishing of such
assistance. Any such report shall include a detailed
explanation of the assistance estimated to be provided,
including the estimated dollar amount of such assistance, and
an explanation of how the assistance furthers United States
national interests.

withholding of assistance for parking fines owed by foreign countries

Sec. 550. (a) In General.--Of the funds made available for
a foreign country under part I of the Foreign Assistance Act
of 1961, an amount equivalent to 110 percent of the total
unpaid fully adjudicated parking fines and penalties owed to
the District of Columbia by such country as of the date of
enactment of this Act shall be withheld from obligation for
such country until the Secretary of State certifies and
reports in writing to the appropriate congressional
committees that such fines and penalties are fully paid to
the government of the District of Columbia.
(b) Definition.--For purposes of this section, the term
``appropriate congressional committees'' means the Committee
on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of
the Senate and the Committee on International Relations and
the Committee on Appropriations of the House of
Representatives.

limitation on assistance for the plo for the west bank and gaza

Sec. 551. None of the funds appropriated by this Act may be
obligated for assistance for the Palestine Liberation
Organization for the West Bank and Gaza unless the President
has exercised the authority under section 604(a) of the
Middle East Peace Facilitation Act of 1995 (title VI of
Public Law 104-107) or any other legislation to suspend or
make inapplicable section 307 of the Foreign Assistance Act
of 1961 and that suspension is still in effect: Provided,
That if the President fails to make the certification under
section 604(b)(2) of the Middle East Peace Facilitation Act
of 1995 or to suspend the prohibition under other
legislation, funds appropriated by this Act may not be
obligated for assistance for the Palestine Liberation
Organization for the West Bank and Gaza.

war crimes tribunals drawdown

Sec. 552. If the President determines that doing so will
contribute to a just resolution of charges regarding genocide
or other violations of international humanitarian law, the
President may direct a drawdown pursuant to section 552(c) of
the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended, of up to
$30,000,000 of commodities and services for the United
Nations War Crimes Tribunal established with regard to the
former Yugoslavia by the United Nations Security Council or
such other tribunals or commissions as the Council may
establish to deal with such violations, without regard to the
ceiling limitation contained in paragraph (2) thereof:
Provided, That the determination required under

[[Page H6696]]

this section shall be in lieu of any determinations otherwise
required under section 552(c): Provided further, That sixty
days after the date of enactment of this Act, and every one
hundred eighty days thereafter, the Secretary of State shall
submit a report to the Committees on Appropriations
describing the steps the United States Government is taking
to collect information regarding allegations of genocide or
other violations of international law in the former
Yugoslavia and to furnish that information to the United
Nations War Crimes Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia:
Provided further, That the drawdown made under this section
for any tribunal shall not be construed as an endorsement or
precedent for the establishment of any standing or permanent
international criminal tribunal or court: Provided further,
That funds made available for tribunals or commissions shall
be made available subject to the regular notification
procedures of the Committees on Appropriations.

landmines

Sec. 553. Notwithstanding any other provision of law,
demining equipment available to the Agency for International
Development and the Department of State and used in support
of the clearance of landmines and unexploded ordnance for
humanitarian purposes may be disposed of on a grant basis in
foreign countries, subject to such terms and conditions as
the President may prescribe.

restrictions concerning the palestinian authority

Sec. 554. None of the funds appropriated by this Act may be
obligated or expended to create in any part of Jerusalem a
new office of any department or agency of the United States
Government for the purpose of conducting official United
States Government business with the Palestinian Authority
over Gaza and Jericho or any successor Palestinian governing
entity provided for in the Israel-PLO Declaration of
Principles: Provided, That this restriction shall not apply
to the acquisition of additional space for the existing
Consulate General in Jerusalem: Provided further, That
meetings between officers and employees of the United States
and officials of the Palestinian Authority, or any successor
Palestinian governing entity provided for in the Israel-PLO
Declaration of Principles, for the purpose of conducting
official United States Government business with such
authority should continue to take place in locations other
than Jerusalem. As has been true in the past, officers and
employees of the United States Government may continue to
meet in Jerusalem on other subjects with Palestinians
(including those who now occupy positions in the Palestinian
Authority), have social contacts, and have incidental
discussions.

prohibition of payment of certain expenses

Sec. 555. None of the funds appropriated or otherwise made
available by this Act under the heading ``International
Military Education and Training '' or ``Foreign Military
Financing Program'' for Informational Program activities may
be obligated or expended to pay for--
(1) alcoholic beverages;
(2) food (other than food provided at a military
installation) not provided in conjunction with Informational
Program trips where students do not stay at a military
installation; or
(3) entertainment expenses for activities that are
substantially of a recreational character, including entrance
fees at sporting events and amusement parks.

equitable allocation of funds

Sec. 556. Not more than 17 percent of the funds
appropriated by this Act to carry out the provisions of
sections 103 through 106 and chapter 4 of part II of the
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, that are made available for
Latin America and the Caribbean region may be made available,
through bilateral and Latin America and the Caribbean
regional programs, to provide assistance for any country in
such region.

special debt relief for the poorest

Sec. 557. (a) Authority To Reduce Debt.--The President may
reduce amounts owed to the United States (or any agency of
the United States) by an eligible country as a result of--
(1) guarantees issued under sections 221 and 222 of the
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961;
(2) credits extended or guarantees issued under the Arms
Export Control Act; or
(3) any obligation or portion of such obligation for a
Latin American country, to pay for purchases of United States
agricultural commodities guaranteed by the Commodity Credit
Corporation under export credit guarantee programs authorized
pursuant to section 5(f ) of the Commodity Credit Corporation
Charter Act of June 29, 1948, as amended, section 4(b) of the
Food for Peace Act of 1966, as amended (Public Law 89-808),
or section 202 of the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978, as
amended (Public Law 95-501).
(b) Limitations.--
(1) The authority provided by subsection (a) may be
exercised only to implement multilateral official debt relief
ad referendum agreements, commonly referred to as ``Paris
Club Agreed Minutes''.
(2) The authority provided by subsection (a) may be
exercised only in such amounts or to such extent as is
provided in advance by appropriations Acts.
(3) The authority provided by subsection (a) may be
exercised only with respect to countries with heavy debt
burdens that are eligible to borrow from the International
Development Association, but not from the International Bank
for Reconstruction and Development, commonly referred to as
``IDA-only'' countries.
(c) Conditions.--The authority provided by subsection (a)
may be exercised only with respect to a country whose
government--
(1) does not have an excessive level of military
expenditures;
(2) has not repeatedly provided support for acts of
international terrorism;
(3) is not failing to cooperate on international narcotics
control matters;
(4) (including its military or other security forces) does
not engage in a consistent pattern of gross violations of
internationally recognized human rights; and
(5) is not ineligible for assistance because of the
application of section 527 of the Foreign Relations
Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1994 and 1995.
(d) Availability of Funds.--The authority provided by
subsection (a) may be used only with regard to funds
appropriated by this Act under the heading ``Debt
Restructuring ''.
(e) Certain Prohibitions Inapplicable.--A reduction of debt
pursuant to subsection (a) shall not be considered assistance
for purposes of any provision of law limiting assistance to a
country. The authority provided by subsection (a) may be
exercised notwithstanding section 620(r) of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961.

authority to engage in debt buybacks or sales

Sec. 558. (a) Loans Eligible for Sale, Reduction, or
Cancellation.--
(1) Authority to sell, reduce, or cancel certain loans.--
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the President
may, in accordance with this section, sell to any eligible
purchaser any concessional loan or portion thereof made
before January 1, 1995, pursuant to the Foreign Assistance
Act of 1961, to the government of any eligible country as
defined in section 702(6) of that Act or on receipt of
payment from an eligible purchaser, reduce or cancel such
loan or portion thereof, only for the purpose of
facilitating--
(A) debt-for-equity swaps, debt-for-development swaps, or
debt-for-nature swaps; or
(B) a debt buyback by an eligible country of its own
qualified debt, only if the eligible country uses an
additional amount of the local currency of the eligible
country, equal to not less than 40 percent of the price paid
for such debt by such eligible country, or the difference
between the price paid for such debt and the face value of
such debt, to support activities that link conservation and
sustainable use of natural resources with local community
development, and child survival and other child development,
in a manner consistent with sections 707 through 710 of the
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, if the sale, reduction, or
cancellation would not contravene any term or condition of
any prior agreement relating to such loan.
(2) Terms and conditions.--Notwithstanding any other
provision of law, the President shall, in accordance with
this section, establish the terms and conditions under which
loans may be sold, reduced, or canceled pursuant to this
section.
(3) Administration.--The Facility, as defined in section
702(8) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, shall notify
the administrator of the agency primarily responsible for
administering part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 of
purchasers that the President has determined to be eligible,
and shall direct such agency to carry out the sale,
reduction, or cancellation of a loan pursuant to this
section. Such agency shall make an adjustment in its accounts
to reflect the sale, reduction, or cancellation.
(4) Limitation.--The authorities of this subsection shall
be available only to the extent that appropriations for the
cost of the modification, as defined in section 502 of the
Congressional Budget Act of 1974, are made in advance.
(b) Deposit of Proceeds.--The proceeds from the sale,
reduction, or cancellation of any loan sold, reduced, or
canceled pursuant to this section shall be deposited in the
United States Government account or accounts established for
the repayment of such loan.
(c) Eligible Purchasers.--A loan may be sold pursuant to
subsection (a)(1)(A) only to a purchaser who presents plans
satisfactory to the President for using the loan for the
purpose of engaging in debt-for-equity swaps, debt-for-
development swaps, or debt-for-nature swaps.
(d) Debtor Consultations.--Before the sale to any eligible
purchaser, or any reduction or cancellation pursuant to this
section, of any loan made to an eligible country, the
President should consult with the country concerning the
amount of loans to be sold, reduced, or canceled and their
uses for debt-for-equity swaps, debt-for-development swaps,
or debt-for-nature swaps.
(e) Availability of Funds.--The authority provided by
subsection (a) may be used only with regard to funds
appropriated by this Act under the heading ``Debt
Restructuring ''.

assistance for haiti

Sec. 559. (a) Policy.--In providing assistance to Haiti,
the President should place a priority on the following areas:
(1) aggressive action to support the Haitian National
Police, including support for efforts by the Inspector
General to purge corrupt and politicized elements from the
Haitian National Police;

[[Page H6697]]

(2) steps to ensure that any elections undertaken in Haiti
with United States assistance are full, free, fair,
transparent, and democratic;
(3) support for a program designed to develop an indigenous
human rights monitoring capacity;
(4) steps to facilitate the continued privatization of
state-owned enterprises;
(5) establishment of an economic development fund for Haiti
to provide long-term, low interest loans to U.S. investors
and businesses that have a demonstrated commitment to, and
expertise in, doing business in Haiti, in particular those
businesses present in Haiti prior to the 1994 United Nations
embargo; and
(6) a substantial agricultural development program.
(b) Report.--Beginning six months after the date of
enactment of this Act, and six months thereafter until
September 30, 2001, the President shall submit a report to
the Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on Foreign
Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Appropriations
and the Committee on International Relations of the House of
Representatives with regard to--
(1) the status of each of the governmental institutions
envisioned in the 1987 Haitian Constitution, including an
assessment of the extent to which officials in such
institutions hold their positions on the basis of a regular,
constitutional process;
(2) the status of the privatization (or placement under
long-term private management or concession) of the major
public entities, including a detailed assessment of the
extent to which the Government of Haiti has completed all
required incorporating documents, the transfer of assets, and
the eviction of unauthorized occupants from such facilities;
(3) the status of efforts to re-sign and implement the
lapsed bilateral Repatriation Agreement and an assessment of
the extent to which the Government of Haiti has been
cooperating with the United States in halting illegal
emigration from Haiti;
(4) the status of the Government of Haiti's efforts to
conduct thorough investigations of extrajudicial and
political killings and--
(A) an assessment of the progress that has been made in
bringing to justice the persons responsible for these
extrajudicial or political killings in Haiti, and
(B) an assessment of the extent to which the Government of
Haiti is cooperating with United States authorities and with
United States-funded technical advisors to the Haitian
National Police in such investigations;
(5) an assessment of actions taken by the Government of
Haiti to remove and maintain the separation from the Haitian
National Police, national palace and residential guard,
ministerial guard, and any other public security entity or
unit of Haiti those individuals who are credibly alleged to
have engaged in or conspired to conceal gross violations of
internationally recognized human rights;
(6) the status of steps being taken to secure the
ratification of the maritime counter-narcotics agreements
signed October 1997;
(7) an assessment of the extent to which domestic capacity
to conduct free, fair, democratic, and administratively sound
elections has been developed in Haiti; and
(8) an assessment of the extent to which Haiti's Minister
of Justice has demonstrated a commitment to the
professionalism of judicial personnel by consistently placing
students graduated by the Judicial School in appropriate
judicial positions and has made a commitment to share program
costs associated with the Judicial School, and is achieving
progress in making the judicial branch in Haiti independent
from the executive branch.

requirement for disclosure of foreign aid in report of secretary of
state

Sec. 560. (a) Foreign Aid Reporting Requirement.--In
addition to the voting practices of a foreign country, the
report required to be submitted to Congress under section
406(a) of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, fiscal
years 1990 and 1991 (22 U.S.C. 2414a), shall include a side-
by-side comparison of individual countries' overall support
for the United States at the United Nations and the amount of
United States assistance provided to such country in fiscal
year 1999.
(b) United States Assistance.--For purposes of this
section, the term ``United States assistance'' has the
meaning given the term in section 481(e)(4) of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2291(e)(4)).

restrictions on voluntary contributions to united nations agencies

Sec. 561. (a) Prohibition on Voluntary Contributions for
the United Nations.--None of the funds appropriated by this
Act may be made available to pay any voluntary contribution
of the United States to the United Nations (including the
United Nations Development Program) if the United Nations
implements or imposes any taxation on any United States
persons.
(b) Certification Required for Disbursement of Funds.--None
of the funds appropriated by this Act may be made available
to pay any voluntary contribution of the United States to the
United Nations (including the United Nations Development
Program) unless the President certifies to the Congress 15
days in advance of such payment that the United Nations is
not engaged in any effort to implement or impose any taxation
on United States persons in order to raise revenue for the
United Nations or any of its specialized agencies.
(c) Definitions.--As used in this section the term ``United
States person'' refers to--
(1) a natural person who is a citizen or national of the
United States; or
(2) a corporation, partnership, or other legal entity
organized under the United States or any State, territory,
possession, or district of the United States.

HAITI

Sec. 562. The Government of Haiti shall be eligible to
purchase defense articles and services under the Arms Export
Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.), for the civilian-led
Haitian National Police and Coast Guard: Provided, That the
authority provided by this section shall be subject to the
regular notification procedures of the Committees on
Appropriations.

limitation on assistance to the palestinian authority

Sec. 563. (a) Prohibition of Funds.--None of the funds
appropriated by this Act to carry out the provisions of
chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961
may be obligated or expended with respect to providing funds
to the Palestinian Authority.
(b) Waiver.--The prohibition included in subsection (a)
shall not apply if the President certifies in writing to the
Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President pro
tempore of the Senate that waiving such prohibition is
important to the national security interests of the United
States.
(c) Period of Application of Waiver.--Any waiver pursuant
to subsection (b) shall be effective for no more than a
period of six months at a time and shall not apply beyond
twelve months after enactment of this Act.

limitation on assistance to security forces

Sec. 564. None of the funds made available by this Act may
be provided to any unit of the security forces of a foreign
country if the Secretary of State has credible evidence that
such unit has committed gross violations of human rights,
unless the Secretary determines and reports to the Committees
on Appropriations that the government of such country is
taking effective measures to bring the responsible members of
the security forces unit to justice: Provided, That nothing
in this section shall be construed to withhold funds made
available by this Act from any unit of the security forces of
a foreign country not credibly alleged to be involved in
gross violations of human rights: Provided further, That in
the event that funds are withheld from any unit pursuant to
this section, the Secretary of State shall promptly inform
the foreign government of the basis for such action and
shall, to the maximum extent practicable, assist the foreign
government in taking effective measures to bring the
responsible members of the security forces to justice.

limitations on transfer of military equipment to east timor

Sec. 565. In any agreement for the sale, transfer, or
licensing of any lethal equipment or helicopter for Indonesia
entered into by the United States pursuant to the authority
of this Act or any other Act, the agreement shall state that
the United States expects that the items will not be used in
East Timor: Provided, That nothing in this section shall be
construed to limit Indonesia's inherent right to legitimate
national self-defense as recognized under the United Nations
Charter and international law.

restrictions on assistance to countries providing sanctuary to indicted
war criminals

Sec. 566. (a) Bilateral Assistance.--None of the funds made
available by this or any prior Act making appropriations for
foreign operations, export financing and related programs,
may be provided for any country, entity or canton described
in subsection (e).
(b) Multilateral Assistance.--
(1) Prohibition.--The Secretary of the Treasury shall
instruct the United States executive directors of the
international financial institutions to work in opposition
to, and vote against, any extension by such institutions of
any financial or technical assistance or grants of any kind
to any country or entity described in subsection (e).
(2) Notification.--Not less than 15 days before any vote in
an international financial institution regarding the
extension of financial or technical assistance or grants to
any country or entity described in subsection (e), the
Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary
of State, shall provide to the Committee on Appropriations
and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the
Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on Banking and
Financial Services of the House of Representatives a written
justification for the proposed assistance, including an
explanation of the United States position regarding any such
vote, as well as a description of the location of the
proposed assistance by municipality, its purpose, and its
intended beneficiaries.
(3) Definition.--The term ``international financial
institution'' includes the International Monetary Fund, the
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the
International Development Association, the International
Finance Corporation, the Multilateral Investment Guaranty
Agency, and the European Bank for Reconstruction and
Development.
(c) Exceptions.--
(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), subsections (a)
and (b) shall not apply to the provision of--
(A) humanitarian assistance;

[[Page H6698]]

(B) democratization assistance;
(C) assistance for cross border physical infrastructure
projects involving activities in both a sanctioned country,
entity, or canton and a nonsanctioned contiguous country,
entity, or canton, if the project is primarily located in and
primarily benefits the nonsanctioned country, entity, or
canton and if the portion of the project located in the
sanctioned country, entity, or canton is necessary only to
complete the project;
(D) small-scale assistance projects or activities requested
by United States Armed Forces that promote good relations
between such forces and the officials and citizens of the
areas in the United States SFOR sector of Bosnia;
(E) implementation of the Brcko Arbitral Decision;
(F) lending by the international financial institutions to
a country or entity to support common monetary and fiscal
policies at the national level as contemplated by the Dayton
Agreement;
(G) direct lending to a non-sanctioned entity, or lending
passed on by the national government to a non-sanctioned
entity; or
(H) assistance to the International Police Task Force for
the training of a civilian police force.
(2) Notification.--Every 30 days the Secretary of State,
in consultation with the Administrator of the Agency for
International Development, shall publish in the Federal
Register and/or in a comparable publicly accessible document
or internet site, a listing and justification of any
assistance that is obligated within that period of time for
any country, entity, or canton described in subsection (e),
including a description of the purpose of the assistance,
project and its location, by municipality.
(d) Further Limitations.--Notwithstanding subsection (c)--
(1) no assistance may be made available by this Act, or any
prior Act making appropriations for foreign operations,
export financing and related programs, in any country,
entity, or canton described in subsection (e), for a program,
project, or activity in which a publicly indicted war
criminal is known to have any financial or material interest;
and
(2) no assistance (other than emergency foods or medical
assistance or demining assistance) may be made available by
this Act, or any prior Act making appropriations for foreign
operations, export financing and related programs for any
program, project, or activity in a community within any
country, entity or canton described in subsection (e) if
competent authorities within that community are not complying
with the provisions of Article IX and Annex 4, Article II,
paragraph 8 of the Dayton Agreement relating to war crimes
and the Tribunal.
(e) Sanctioned Country, Entity, or Canton.--A sanctioned
country, entity, or canton described in this section is one
whose competent authorities have failed, as determined by the
Secretary of State, to take necessary and significant steps
to apprehend and transfer to the Tribunal all persons who
have been publicly indicted by the Tribunal.
(f) Waiver.--
(1) In general.--The Secretary of State may waive the
application of subsection (a) or subsection (b) with respect
to specified bilateral programs or international financial
institution projects or programs in a sanctioned country,
entity, or canton upon providing a written determination to
the Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on Foreign
Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Appropriations
and the Committee on International Relations of the House of
Representatives that such assistance directly supports the
implementation of the Dayton Agreement and its Annexes, which
include the obligation to apprehend and transfer indicted war
criminals to the Tribunal.
(2) Report.--Not later than 15 days after the date of any
written determination under paragraph (1) the Secretary of
State shall submit a report to the Committee on
Appropriations and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the
Senate and the Committee on Appropriations and the Committee
on International Relations of the House of Representatives
regarding the status of efforts to secure the voluntary
surrender or apprehension and transfer of persons indicted by
the Tribunal, in accordance with the Dayton Agreement, and
outlining obstacles to achieving this goal; and
(3) Assistance programs and projects affected.--Any waiver
made pursuant to this subsection shall be effective only with
respect to a specified bilateral program or multilateral
assistance project or program identified in the determination
of the Secretary of State to Congress.
(g) Termination of Sanctions.--The sanctions imposed
pursuant to subsections (a) and (b) with respect to a country
or entity shall cease to apply only if the Secretary of State
determines and certifies to Congress that the authorities of
that country, entity, or canton have apprehended and
transferred to the Tribunal all persons who have been
publicly indicted by the Tribunal.
(h) Definitions.--As used in this section--
(1) Country.--The term ``country'' means Bosnia-
Herzegovina, Croatia, Serbia, and Montenegro.
(2) Entity.--The term ``entity'' refers to the Federation
of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosova, and the Republika Srpska.
(3) Canton.--The term ``canton'' means the administrative
units in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
(4) Dayton agreement.--The term ``Dayton Agreement'' means
the General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and
Herzegovina, together with annexes relating thereto, done at
Dayton, November 10 through 16, 1995.
(5) Tribunal.--The term ``Tribunal'' means the
International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia.
(i) Role of Human Rights Organizations and Government
Agencies.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary of
State, the Administrator of the Agency for International
Development, and the executive directors of the international
financial institutions shall consult with representatives of
human rights organizations and all government agencies with
relevant information to help prevent publicly indicted war
criminals from benefitting from any financial or technical
assistance or grants provided to any country or entity
described in subsection (e).

To Prohibit Foreign Assistance to the Government of the Russian
Federation should it enact laws which would discriminate against
minority religious faiths

Sec. 567. None of the funds appropriated under this Act may
be made available for the Government of the Russian
Federation, after 180 days from the date of enactment of this
Act, unless the President determines and certifies in writing
to the Committees on Appropriations and the Committee on
Foreign Relations of the Senate that the Government of the
Russian Federation has implemented no statute, executive
order, regulation or similar government action that would
discriminate, or would have as its principal effect
discrimination, against religious groups or religious
communities in the Russian Federation in violation of
accepted international agreements on human rights and
religious freedoms to which the Russian Federation is a
party.

Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Sec. 568. (a) Funds made available in this Act to support
programs or activities the primary purpose of which is
promoting or assisting country participation in the Kyoto
Protocol to the Framework Convention on Climate Change (FCCC)
shall only be made available subject to the regular
notification procedures of the Committees on Appropriations.
(b) The President shall provide a detailed account of all
Federal agency obligations and expenditures for climate
change programs and activities, domestic and international
obligations for such activities in fiscal year 2000, and any
plan for programs thereafter related to the implementation or
the furtherance of protocols pursuant to, or related to
negotiations to amend the FCCC in conjunction with the
President's submission of the Budget of the United States
Government for Fiscal Year 2001: Provided, That such report
shall include an accounting of expenditures by agency with
each agency identifying climate change activities and
associated costs by line item as presented in the President's
Budget Appendix: Provided further, That such report shall
identify with regard to the Agency for International
Development, obligations and expenditures by country or
central program and activity.

withholding assistance to countries violating united nations sanctions
against libya

Sec. 569. (a) Withholding of Assistance.--Except as
provided in subsection (b), whenever the President determines
and certifies to Congress that the government of any country
is violating any sanction against Libya imposed pursuant to
United Nations Security Council Resolution 731, 748, or 883,
then not less than 5 percent of the funds allocated for the
country under section 653(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of
1961 out of appropriations in this Act shall be withheld from
obligation or expenditure for that country.
(b) Exception.--The requirement to withhold funds under
subsection (a) shall not apply to funds appropriated in this
Act for allocation under section 653(a) of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961 for development assistance or for
humanitarian assistance.
(c) Waiver.--Funds may be provided for a country without
regard to subsection (a) if the President determines that to
do so is in the national security interest of the United
States.

AID TO THE GOVERNMENT OF THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO

Sec. 570. (a) None of the funds appropriated by this Act
may be provided for assistance for the central Government of
the Democratic Republic of Congo until such time as the
President reports in writing to the Congress that the central
Government is--
(1) investigating and prosecuting those responsible for
human rights violations committed in the Democratic Republic
of Congo; and
(2) implementing a credible democratic transition program.
(b) This section shall not apply to assistance to promote
democracy and the rule of law as part of a plan to implement
a credible democratic transition program.

assistance for the middle east

Sec. 571. Of the funds appropriated by this Act under the
headings ``Economic Support Fund'', ``Foreign Military
Financing Program'', ``International Military Education and
Training '', ``Peacekeeping Operations'', for refugees
resettling in Israel under the heading ``Migration and
Refugee Assistance'', and for assistance for Israel to carry
out provisions of chapter 8 of part II of the

[[Page H6699]]

Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 under the heading
``Nonproliferation, Anti-Terrorism, Demining and Related
Programs'', not more than a total of $5,318,150,000 may be
made available for Israel, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, the West
Bank and Gaza, the Israel-Lebanon Monitoring Group, the
Multinational Force and Observers, the Middle East Regional
Democracy Fund, Middle East Regional Cooperation, and Middle
East Multilateral Working Groups: Provided, That any funds
that were appropriated under such headings in prior fiscal
years and that were at the time of enactment of this Act
obligated or allocated for other recipients may not during
fiscal year 2000 be made available for activities that, if
funded under this Act, would be required to count against
this ceiling: Provided further, That funds may be made
available notwithstanding the requirements of this section if
the President determines and certifies to the Committees on
Appropriations that it is important to the national security
interest of the United States to do so and any such
additional funds shall only be provided through the regular
notification procedures of the Committees on Appropriations:
Provided further, That notwithstanding the funding ceiling
contained in this section, not to exceed a total of
$100,000,000 may be made available for Jordan from funds
appropriated in this Act under the headings ``Economic
Support Fund'' and ``Foreign Military Financing Program'', in
addition to funds otherwise available for Jordan under those
or other headings that are subject to the funding ceiling
contained in this section.

enterprise fund restrictions

Sec. 572. Prior to the distribution of any assets resulting
from any liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of an
Enterprise Fund, in whole or in part, the President shall
submit to the Committees on Appropriations, in accordance
with the regular notification procedures of the Committees on
Appropriations, a plan for the distribution of the assets of
the Enterprise Fund.

cambodia

Sec. 573. (a) The Secretary of the Treasury should instruct
the United States executive directors of the international
financial institutions to use the voice and vote of the
United States to oppose loans to the Government of Cambodia,
except loans to support basic human needs.
(b) None of the funds appropriated by this Act may be made
available for assistance for the Government of Cambodia:
Provided, That this restriction shall not apply to
humanitarian assistance, including assistance for basic
education activities.

authorization for population planning

Sec. 574. Not to exceed $385,000,000 of the funds
appropriated in title II of this Act may be available for
population planning activities or other population
assistance.

FOREIGN MILITARY TRAINING REPORT

Sec. 575. (a) The Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of
State shall jointly provide to the Congress by January 31,
2000, a report on all military training provided to foreign
military personnel (excluding sales, and excluding training
provided to the military personnel of countries belonging to
the North Atlantic Treaty Organization) under programs
administered by the Department of Defense and the Department
of State during fiscal years 1999 and 2000, including those
proposed for fiscal year 2000. This report shall include, for
each such military training activity, the foreign policy
justification and purpose for the training activity, the cost
of the training activity, the number of foreign students
trained and their units of operation, and the location of the
training. In addition, this report shall also include, with
respect to United States personnel, the operational benefits
to United States forces derived from each such training
activity and the United States military units involved in
each such training activity. This report may include a
classified annex if deemed necessary and appropriate.
(b) For purposes of this section a report to Congress shall
be deemed to mean a report to the Appropriations and Foreign
Relations Committees of the Senate and the Appropriations and
International Relations Committees of the House of
Representatives.

korean peninsula energy development organization

Sec. 576. (a) Of the funds made available under the
heading ``Nonproliferation, Anti-terrorism, Demining and
Related Programs'', not to exceed $35,000,000 may be made
available for the Korean Peninsula Energy Development
Organization (hereafter referred to in this section as
``KEDO''), notwithstanding any other provision of law, only
for the administrative expenses and heavy fuel oil costs
associated with the Agreed Framework.
(b) Of the funds made available for KEDO, up to
$15,000,000 may be made available prior to June 1, 2000, if,
thirty days prior to such obligation of funds, the President
certifies and so reports to Congress that--
(1) the parties to the Agreed Framework have taken and
continue to take demonstrable steps to implement the Joint
Declaration on Denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula in
which the Government of North Korea has committed not to
test, manufacture, produce, receive, possess, store, deploy,
or use nuclear weapons, and not to possess nuclear
reprocessing or uranium enrichment facilities;
(2) the parties to the Agreed Framework have taken and
continue to take demonstrable steps to pursue the North-South
dialogue;
(3) North Korea is complying with all provisions of the
Agreed Framework;
(4) North Korea has not diverted assistance provided by the
United States for purposes for which it was not intended; and
(5) North Korea is not seeking to develop or acquire the
capability to enrich uranium, or any additional capability to
reprocess spent nuclear fuel.
(c) Of the funds made available for KEDO, up to
$20,000,000 may be made available on or after June 1, 2000,
if, thirty days prior to such obligation of funds, the
President certifies and so reports to Congress that--
(1) the effort to can and safely store all spent fuel from
North Korea's graphite-moderated nuclear reactors has been
successfully concluded;
(2) North Korea is complying with its obligations under the
agreement regarding access to suspect underground
construction;
(3) North Korea has terminated its nuclear weapons program,
including all efforts to acquire, develop, test, produce, or
deploy such weapons; and
(4) the United States has made and is continuing to make
significant progress on eliminating the North Korean
ballistic missile threat, including further missile tests and
its ballistic missile exports.
(d) The authorities of sections 451 and 614 of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961, as amended, may not be used to
authorize or provide assistance--
(1) to North Korea for purposes related to the Agreed
Framework;
(2) to KEDO in excess of the amount made available under
subsection (a); or
(3) that cannot be provided due to any funding ceiling,
prohibition, restriction, or condition on release of funds
that is contained in subsections (a), (b), or (c).
(e) The President may waive the certification
requirements of subsections (b) and (c) if the President
determines that it is vital to the national security
interests of the United States and provides written policy
justifications to the appropriate congressional committees
prior to his exercise of such waiver. No funds may be
obligated for KEDO until 30 days after submission to Congress
of such waiver.
(f) The Secretary of State shall submit to the
appropriate congressional committees a report (to be
submitted with the annual presentation for appropriations)
providing a full and detailed accounting of the fiscal year
2001 request for the United States contribution to KEDO, the
expected operating budget of the KEDO, to include unpaid
debt, proposed annual costs associated with heavy fuel oil
purchases, and the amount of funds pledged by other donor
nations and organizations to support KEDO activities on a per
country basis, and other related activities.

African Development Foundation

Sec. 577. Funds made available to grantees of the African
Development Foundation may be invested pending expenditure
for project purposes when authorized by the President of the
Foundation: Provided, That interest earned shall be used only
for the purposes for which the grant was made: Provided
further, That this authority applies to interest earned both
prior to and following enactment of this provision: Provided
further, That notwithstanding section 505(a)(2) of the
African Development Foundation Act, in exceptional
circumstances the board of directors of the Foundation may
waive the $250,000 limitation contained in that section with
respect to a project: Provided further, That the Foundation
shall provide a report to the Committees on Appropriations in
advance of exercising such waiver authority.

PROHIBITION ON ASSISTANCE TO THE PALESTINIAN BROADCASTING CORPORATION

Sec. 578. None of the funds appropriated or otherwise made
available by this Act may be used to provide equipment,
technical support, consulting services, or any other form of
assistance to the Palestinian Broadcasting Corporation.

Notification on the Use of Operating Expenses

Sec. 579. None of the funds appropriated under the heading
``Operating Expenses of the Agency for International
Development'' may be made available to finance the
construction (including architect and engineering services),
purchase, or long-term lease of offices for use by the Agency
for International Development, except as provided through the
regular notification procedures of the Committees on
Appropriations.

iraq opposition

Sec. 580. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, not
to exceed $10,000,000 of the funds appropriated by this Act
under the heading ``Economic Support Fund'' may be made
available for political, economic, humanitarian, and
associated support activities for Iraqi opposition groups
designated under the Iraq Liberation Act (Public Law 105-
338).

agency for international development budget submission

Sec. 581. Beginning with the fiscal year 2001 Budget, the
Agency for International Development shall submit to the
Committees on Appropriations a detailed budget for each
fiscal year. The Agency budget shall contain the estimated
levels of obligations for the current fiscal year and actual
levels for the two previous years, and the President's
request for new budget authority and estimate of carryover
obligational authority

[[Page H6700]]

for the budget year. Budget data shall be disaggregated by
program and activity for each bureau, field mission, and
central office. Staff levels shall be provided and identified
by program. The Agency shall submit to the Committees on
Appropriations a proposed budget format no later than October
31, 1999, or 30 days after the enactment of this act,
whichever occurs later.

sense of congress concerning the murder of four american churchwomen in
el salvador

Sec. 582. (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following
findings.
(1) The December 2, 1980 brutal assault and murder of four
American churchwomen by members of the Salvadoran National
Guard was covered up and never fully investigated.
(2) On July 22 and July 23, 1998, Salvadoran authorities
granted three of the National Guardsmen convicted of the
crimes early release from prison.
(3) The United Nations Truth Commission for El Salvador
determined in 1993 that there was sufficient evidence that
the Guardsmen were acting on orders from their superiors.
(4) In March 1998, four of the convicted Guardsmen
confessed that they acted after receiving orders from their
superiors.
(5) Recently declassified documents from the State
Department show that United States Government officials were
aware of information suggesting the involvement of superior
officers in the murders.
(6) United States officials granted permanent residence to
a former Salvadoran military official involved in the cover-
up of the murders, enabling him to remain in Florida.
(7) Despite the fact that the murders occurred over 17
years ago, the families of the four victims continue to seek
the disclosure of information relevant to the murders.
(b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
(1) information relevant to the murders should be made
public to the fullest extent possible;
(2) the Secretary of State and the Department of State are
to be commended for fully releasing information regarding the
murders to the victims' families and to the American public,
in prompt response to congressional requests;
(3) the President should order all other Federal agencies
and departments that possess relevant information to make
every effort to declassify and release to the victims'
families relevant information as expeditiously as possible;
(4) in making determinations concerning the
declassification and release of relevant information, the
Federal agencies and departments should presume in favor of
releasing, rather than of withholding, such information; and
(5) the President should direct the Attorney General to
review the circumstances under which individuals involved in
either the murders or the cover-up of the murders obtained
residence in the United States, and the Attorney General
should submit a report to the Congress on the results of such
review not later than January 1, 2000.

kyoto protocol

Sec. 583. None of the funds appropriated by this Act shall
be used to propose or issue rules, regulations, decrees, or
orders for the purpose of implementation, or in preparation
for implementation, of the Kyoto Protocol, which was adopted
on December 11, 1997, in Kyoto, Japan, at the Third
Conference of the Parties to the United States Framework
Convention on Climate Change, which has not been submitted to
the Senate for advice and consent to ratification pursuant to
article II, section 2, clause 2, of the United States
Constitution, and which has not entered into force pursuant
to article 25 of the Protocol.

contributions to united nations population fund

Sec. 584. (1) Limitations on Amount of Contribution.--Of
the amounts made available under ``International
Organizations and Programs'', not more than $25,000,000 for
fiscal year 2000 shall be available for the United Nations
Population Fund (hereinafter in this subsection referred to
as the ``UNFPA'').
(2) Prohibition on Use of Funds in China.--None of the
funds made available under ``International Organizations and
Programs'' may be made available for the UNFPA for a country
program in the People's Republic of China.
(3) Conditions on Availability of Funds.--Amounts made
available under ``International Organizations and Programs''
for fiscal year 2000 for the UNFPA may not be made available
to UNFPA unless--
(A) the UNFPA maintains amounts made available to the UNFPA
under this section in an account separate from other accounts
of the UNFPA;
(B) the UNFPA does not commingle amounts made available to
the UNFPA under this section with other sums; and
(C) the UNFPA does not fund abortions.
(4) Report to Congress and Withholding of Funds.--
(A) Not later than February 15, 2000, the Secretary of
State shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional
committees indicating the amount of funds that the United
Nations Population Fund is budgeting for the year in which
the report is submitted for a country program in the People's
Republic of China.
(B) If a report under subparagraph (A) indicates that the
United Nations Population Fund plans to spend funds for a
country program in the People's Republic of China in the year
covered by the report, then the amount of such funds that the
UNFPA plans to spend in the People's Republic of China shall
be deducted from the funds made available to the UNFPA after
March 1 for obligation for the remainder of the fiscal year
in which the report is submitted.
This Act may be cited as the ``Foreign Operations, Export
Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2000''.

Amendment No. 1 Offered by Mr. Moakley

Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will designate the amendment.
The text of the amendment is as follows:

Amendment No. 1 offered by Mr. Moakley:
At the end of the bill, insert after the last section
(preceding the short title) the following:

LIMITATION ON ASSISTANCE FOR SCHOOL OF THE AMERICAS

SEC. . None of the funds appropriated or otherwise made
available by this Act may be used for programs at the United
States Army School of the Americas located at Fort Benning,
Georgia.

Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent that the
amendment be limited to 1 hour of debate divided equally between a
proponent and opponent of the amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman include ``and all amendments
thereto''?
Mr. CALLAHAN. Yes, Mr. Chairman.
The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from
Alabama?
Ms. PELOSI. Reserving the right to object, Mr. Chairman, I just
sought recognition to concur with the gentleman's request with the
approval of the maker of the amendment, the gentleman from
Massachusetts (Mr. Moakley).
Mr. MOAKLEY. I approve.
Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I withdraw my reservation of objection.
The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from
Alabama?
There was no objection.
The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr. Moakley) is
recognized for 30 minutes.
Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
I thank the gentleman from Alabama for allowing this time allotment.
Mr. Chairman, I am sure that many people are very surprised to see me
fighting to close the School of Americas, but 10 years ago I got to
know people from another part of the world, people who have such a love
for family, such a passion for life, and despite their many, many
hardships, that I still cannot forget them, though my work in that
country is through.
On November 16, 1989, at the University of Central America in El
Salvador six Jesuit priests, their housekeeper and their 15 year-old
daughter were pulled from their beds, forced to lie on the ground, and
executed in cold blood. At that time, Mr. Chairman, El Salvador was in
the midst of a horrible civil war. The United States had sided with the
Salvadoran government, and we had sent the Salvadoran military a total
of $6 billion.
Those murders, murders of men of God and innocent women, shocked the
entire world, and Congress wanted to know exactly what was going on in
El Salvador. Speaker Foley called for a Congressional investigation and
asked me to head it up. My top staff personnel, a Congressman, Jim
McGovern, and I traveled to El Salvador to investigate these murders.
For 2 years we held meetings, conducted interviews, dug around. We
learned that the Salvadoran soldiers not only committed the massacre
but also were ordered to do so by the people at the highest levels of
their military command who then engaged in a massive cover-up reaching
the highest levels of Salvadoran government, the very same Salvadoran
government, Mr. Chairman, to whom we were sending billions and billions
of dollars.
After the Moakley Commission report was made public, we eventually
cut off all military aid to El Salvador. Soon afterwards, that civil
war ended.
But, Mr. Chairman, today, 10 years later, our work towards human
rights in Central America has not ended. In addition to learning who
committed the Jesuit murders, we learned that 19 of those 26 implicated
in those murders were graduates of the School of Americas. Let me
repeat, Mr. Chairman. Nineteen of those 26 implicated in the Jesuit
murders were graduates of the School of Americas.

[[Page H6701]]

The School of Americas is a United States Army school run in Fort
Benning, Georgia, that trains approximately 2,000 Latin American
soldiers every year. The classes they teach include combat skills,
commando tactics, military intelligence, and torture techniques, and
this education comes at a very high price. The School of Americas costs
the United States taxpayers $20 million every year, and that is what we
are trying to stop here tonight, Mr. Chairman.
My colleagues and I are offering an amendment which will stop any
money in the bill from being used to support the School of Americas. We
are standing today and saying enough is enough; it is time to close
down the school once and for all. Because, Mr. Chairman, its graduates
were not only involved in the Jesuit murders, the School of Americas
graduates raped and killed four American church women.
They assassinated Archbishop Romero while offering mass. The School
of Americas graduates massacred 900 innocent civilians in El Mozote.
And School of Americas graduates were implicated in the Trujillo chain-
saw massacres, in which at least 107 villagers were tortured and
murdered. Manuel Noriega, the infamous Panamanian dictator, is a
graduate of the School of Americas as were one-third of General
Pinochet's officials. Mr. Chairman, just 2 months ago, General Rito Del
Rio was expelled from the Columbian military because his human rights
violations were so horrible. He also is a graduate of the School of the
Americas.
Mr. Chairman, the list goes on and on and on. Put simply, the School
of Americas has trained some of the most brutal assassins, some of the
cruelest dictators, some of the worst abusers of human rights that the
western hemisphere has seen, and I think it is time for the United
States of America to admit its mistakes and remove this horrible
blemish from our military establishment because if we do not stand for
human rights in Georgia, how can we possibly expect to promote them
anywhere else in the world?
This spring, President Clinton was forced to apologize for our
involvement in the civil war in Guatemala that left 200,000 civilians
dead. How many more times will our President have to apologize to the
people of Central America before we close the school?
Some people say the school is changed. They say it trains people in
drug interdiction. In fact, 8 percent of the students that even attend
the anti-drug courses, a dozen of those who did in the past have been
also tied to drug trafficking.
Mr. Chairman, the fact remains every day this school is open, every
day it trains people in torture techniques and commando tactics is a
day too many.
Human rights are the foundation on which our country was created. We
shed blood over those principles. We fought wars and sacrificed lives
to protect them. Why would we want to export anything less to the rest
of the world?
I urge my colleagues to take a stand for those without a voice, take
a stand for human rights, take a stand for human decency, and shut down
that School of Americas. Our Founding Fathers would expect nothing
else.
Mr. Chairman, I reserve the balance of my time.
The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Alabama (Mr. Callahan) is recognized
for 30 minutes in opposition to the amendment offered by the gentleman
from Massachusetts (Mr. Moakley).
Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself such time as I may
consume.
Mr. Chairman, for the past 4 years on every occasion that this bill
has come to the floor since I have been chairman of the Subcommittee on
Foreign Operations, Export Financing and Related Programs we have had
this debate, and every year the proponents of the amendment such as the
gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr. Moakley), a man that I greatly admire
from Massachusetts, brings out the same stale points about the facts
and the rationale and the reasons for closing down the School of
Americas, and certainly the motives with which he brings this amendment
are good motives. None of us support the atrocities that were committed
by the members of certain Latin American countries during times of war.
Some of those people indeed did go and did attend and did graduate from
the School of Americas, but we cannot condemn the School of Americas
forever for something that happened 15 or 20 years ago.
This does not mean that if we do not agree with the gentleman from
Massachusetts (Mr. Moakley) that his motive is not noble. It simply
means that the school has cleaned up its act.
I have sent our staff members of our committee about four times to
make absolutely certain that the School of Americas does not teach,
does not encourage terrorism or the violation of human rights in any
manner, and I have promised to those people who are opposed to the
School of Americas: ``If you will bring me one iota that indicates that
the curriculum at the School of Americas is doing anything to the
contrary, that I myself will close them down because I will not include
funding in my bill if indeed they are.'' But, Mr. Chairman, they are
not. Those are the real facts.
The only thing that we hear year after year is the atrocities that
were committed decades ago by graduates of that school. The unibomber
went to Harvard. Do we say we ought to close Harvard down because the
unibomber committed all the atrocities? No. We only say this each and
every year about the School of Americas.
Mr. Chairman, the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the
Secretary of Defense has contacted us as late as today, pleading with
us, telling us that this is indeed crucial to our own national security
because this is the only school where we can bring these new military
leaders and military people to the United States and talk to them in
Spanish, a language they can comprehend, a language that they will be
able to then go back and to express their concerns for human rights.
So this issue is decades old, there is no change in the debate. Each
year the Congress has rejected this amendment, to close down the
school, and I would urge the Members of Congress to take heed to what
the Secretary of Defense tells us, that what every chairman of every
area of our military has communicated with us: Please do not take away
this instrument of peace that we have in establishing an ability to
bring these people to the United States and to teach them about
democracy, to teach them about human rights.
This bill only includes $2 million, a very small amount of money for
the amount of debate that has taken place on this for the last several
years. I would urge my colleagues to listen to the military experts, to
the professionals who have to run our military, who will have to send
our military to Central America or to South America in the event of any
uprising, and we need this cooperative working relationship with these
people, and we need, indeed, to instruct them in human rights and as
well as the military, and that was that we instruct them.
Mr. Chairman, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from New York (Mr.
Gilman), chairman of the Committee on International Relations.
(Mr. GILMAN asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Chairman, I am pleased to join our chairman, the
gentleman from Alabama (Mr. Callahan) in rising in opposition to the
amendment by the gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr. Moakley). It is in
our national interest to see that the militaries of Central and South
American countries play a positive role in that region's fragile
democratic societies. Our Army School of the Americas serves our
national interest and deserves our support, not our scorn.
I do not believe that anyone intends to suggest that our good men and
women in the uniform are deliberately training people to commit human
rights abuses. Accordingly, I have encouraged dialogue between the
school and its critics.
Donnie Marshall, the acting administrator for the DEA, recently noted
that, and I quote: The School of the Americas plays an important role
in supporting our efforts to stop the flow of illegal drugs into the
United States, close quote. General Serrano, the highly respected
Director General of the Columbian National Police last year informed
our Committee on International Relations, and I quote: The

[[Page H6702]]

School of the Americas trains our reaction forces in fighting narcotics
trafficking with excellent result, and I am a witness to the fact that
it is a very valuable instrument for training our men to carry out the
antinarcotics fight, close quote.
I have sent my staff delegation to the School of the Americas twice
in the past year to fully examine the school's operations; and in
response to Congressional oversight, the School of the Americas has
made a real effort to strengthen its curriculum. The school's
commandant, Colonel Glenn Weidner, reports that, and I quote: Every
student in every one of the 55 courses taught by this school receives
between 8 and 40 hours of formal human rights instruction depending on
course length.

{time} 2115

``Classroom instruction is followed up with practical application in
field and map-based exercises throughout each course. No other
Department of Defense school provides as much human rights training to
foreign or U.S. students.''
Prudent restrictions have been implemented at the school to make sure
the students are screened for actual and alleged human rights
violations.
Just as we do not close down our police academies when any one of our
cops turns bad, neither should we throw away one of the important
constructive tools we have for influencing Latin America's militaries
for the good.
Accordingly, let us not throw out the whole barrel of apples because
of a few bad apples. I urge my colleagues to oppose the Moakley
amendment.
Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield such time as he may consume to the
gentleman from Florida (Mr. Scarborough), the coauthor of the
amendment.
Mr. SCARBOROUGH. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman from
Massachusetts for yielding me this time.
Let me say, hearing the words of the gentleman from Alabama and also
the gentleman from New York, I certainly respect their beliefs on human
rights, their beliefs to fight for human rights. I just know that on
this issue, reasonable minds can differ, and they do. I differ with my
good friend from Massachusetts on several issues. But human rights, as
far as I am concerned, really does not have any ideological barriers.
Whether we are talking about Sudan, whether we are talking about China,
or whether we are talking about Central America, I think we have to
fight for human rights.
Mr. Chairman, I even, I am sure, would disagree violently on what
happened in the 1980s. I believe what happened in the 1980s was Ronald
Reagan's fight for freedom in Central America. But at the same time,
the Cold War is over. Soviet intervention in Central America has ended.
In fact, the Soviet Union has ended. Now is the time we can all fight
and join together for freedom, to bring freedom to Central America.
While the Cold War may be over, the School of the Americas' abuses
are not. The United Nations Commission reports that the School of the
Americas grads are continuing to assassinate, continuing to murder. In
fact, it continued in 1998. The United States State Department reports
that murders and torture by SOA grads continue. In fact, in May of
1998, the Colombian Army formally disbanded the 20 Brigade for its
involvement in human rights abuses, including targeted killings of
civilians. The commander of the brigade at the time was yet another SOA
graduate.
As the New York Times wrote, ``An institution so clearly out of tune
with American values should be shut down without delay.''
As I said before, whether we are talking about human rights abuses in
China or in Central America, or in Sudan or Saudi Arabia, America must,
once again, become what Ronald Reagan called a city shining brightly on
a hill for all the world to see. Shining for freedom and shining for
the exportation of American principles, and not what the School of the
Americas has stood for, for the past 20 years.
So I thank the gentleman from Massachusetts again for bringing up
this amendment, as the gentleman from Rhode Island (Mr. Kennedy) has
done the past several years, and I am pleased once again to support it.
I think now is the year we should all band together and defund the
School of the Americas.
Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I yield 6 minutes to the gentleman from
Georgia (Mr. Bishop) who, incidentally, was born in Mobile, Alabama, my
hometown. My hometown has a college named after his distinguished
father, S.D. Bishop, Bishop State Community College in Mobile.
Mr. BISHOP. Mr. Chairman, the exercise we are engaged in this evening
is shameful. It is shameful because the horrendous accusations that
have been brought against the Army's School of the Americas and, more
specifically, against the civilian and military men and women who have
taught there, have been proven to be false. There is no reasonable
question about this. None at all.
The accusations about teaching murder and torture and participating
in a prolonged conspiracy to commit atrocities and destroy democracy
are based on pure propaganda and not on the facts. Anyone who bothers
to look at the record can come to no other conclusion.
During this decade, there have been 12 investigations of the school.
Mr. Chairman, 12, more than 1 a year. These investigations probed the
school's curriculum, the texts it uses; questioned many hundreds of
graduates and faculty members, past and present; examined the human
rights abuses involving some of the school's graduates; and made a real
determination about how many graduates have gone bad and how many have
been involved in the emergence of democracy in Latin America.
All came to the same conclusion: these charges are false. In fact,
the school is doing just the opposite. It is promoting human rights and
democratic principles, helping fight the war against drugs, and
effectively serving as an instrument of pro-democratic U.S. foreign
policy in our own hemisphere.
One of these investigations, Mr. Chairman, was conducted by the
General Accounting Office at the direction of our former colleague from
California, Ron Dellums. The GAO dug long and hard and eventually
recommended improvements that have, in fact, been implemented. But
according to the GAO, there is no question that the charges were
unfounded. When Ron Dellums asked the GAO to dig some more, the agency
did so and reconfirmed its findings.
Do those who continue to make these charges really think that the GAO
is a part of a cover-up?
Overseeing the school is a distinguished Board of Visitors that
includes noted human rights figures like Mr. Steve Schneebaum. Do we
really think they too are involved in a cover-up?
The fact is that those who persist in accusing the school of
promoting criminal and evil conduct are turning their backs on the
facts. Unfortunately, the leaders of the School of the Americas Watch
do not care about the truth. They decided long ago to place the blame
for the horrible atrocities that have taken place in Latin America on
the United States, and the School of the Americas has served as a
convenient propaganda target and whipping boy.
But it is our job, yours and mine, to act on the truth, not on the
misinformation that continues to deluge us.
We have heard statements implying that the overwhelming majority of
the school's 60,000 graduates have been guilty of abuses. A few may
have been, but what the record actually shows is that the overwhelming
majority have not been involved in human rights abuses and have instead
supported democracy. The school's proponents never mention the
graduates who played prominent roles in preventing a military takeover
during the recent presidential impeachment in Paraguay, or the
graduates who helped prevent a coup during a constitutional crisis in
Ecuador not long ago, or those who served on the delegations that
resolved a border dispute that almost ignited a devastating war between
Peru and Equador, or thousands of others who have been on the front
lines of democracy in Latin America.
Opponents claim students really do not get human rights training,
which is not true. Every student receives extensive human rights
instruction. They

[[Page H6703]]

claim students do not get antidrug training. This is also wrong.
One ``Dear Colleague'' claimed that the Guatemalan Truth Commission
found the school accountable for human rights violations that occurred
during a conflict that cost many lives. In fact, the Commission's
report made no such claim. This, too, is just wrong.
My plea is simply this: cast your vote on the basis of information
that has been documented and substantiated, and not on charges that
have been proven false.
Mr. Chairman, the School of the Americas provides the most advanced
military human rights training in the world. For a relatively small
investment, it makes a real contribution in reducing the flow of
illicit drugs into our country. As an instrument of foreign policy,
every administration, Republican and Democratic alike, has testified
that the school plays a vitally important and effective role.
I ask my colleagues to support the truth. Vote against this amendment
by our distinguished colleague from Massachusetts, and continue the
modest funding for a program that, in fact, is advancing the cause of
human rights and representative democracy in our area of the world.
Base your decision not on innuendo, but on fact. I ask my colleagues to
kill this amendment and support democracy here in the Western
Hemisphere.
Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
If the gentleman at the microphone claims that this is a propaganda
thing, then it really fooled a lot of people when those 19 soldiers
killed those six Jesuits; when the two out of three soldiers were cited
for the assassination of El Salvador's Archbishop Oscar Romero; when
the 10 of the 12 were cited for the El Mozote, El Salvador massacre of
900 villagers. That was a great propaganda scheme. A lot of people were
fooled by it. The El Salvador death squad leader, Roberto D'Aubuisson.
These were great propagandas. These are all truth; they are all
substantiated from the Truth Mission of the U.N.
Mr. Chairman, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from Georgia (Mr.
Lewis).
Mr. LEWIS of Georgia. Mr. Chairman, I want to thank my friend and my
colleague, the gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr. Moakley), for his
leadership and his vision on this issue. Mr. Chairman, it is very
difficult for me to come here tonight and to differ with my friend, my
colleague and my brother from Georgia (Mr. Bishop), but I must.
Mr. Chairman, it is time to close the doors of the United States Army
School of the Americas at Fort Benning. The school has not served as a
bridge between the United States and our Latin American neighbors. It
has been a barrier to bringing peace and democracy to the region. Too
many of the school's graduates have committed human rights abuses and
unspeakable acts of violence against their own people.
For too long, the United States aided and abetted Latin America
dictatorships that repressed human rights and even murdered their own
citizens. As a Nation, we made a mistake, and we should admit it. We
made a mistake. The President of the United States went to Latin
America and said, we made a mistake. I apologize. We made a mistake.
Today, we have an opportunity, we have the capacity, we have the
ability to right that wrong. We can be sure, and we must close the
School of the Americas.
As we enter the new millennium, we deserve better than the School of
the Americas. We deserve an institution that promotes our fundamental
belief of democracy, peace, and human rights. The School of the
Americas diminishes each and every one of these values. It diminishes
us all. We should teach people the value of peace and democracy, not of
war and dictatorship. Closing the School of the Americas is the right
thing to do. It is good for democracy. It is good for the cause of
peace.
Mr. Chairman, it is time to close the School of the Americas. It is
the right thing to do. Let us do it.

{time} 2130

Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from
Indiana (Mr. Souder).
(Mr. SOUDER asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. SOUDER. First, Mr. Chairman, let me say that we hear a lot of
passionate speeches, but I think they are almost like on a different
subject.
The fact is that we have brought democracy and freedom to most of
Latin America when it used to be a sea of totalitarian dictatorships.
Some still have further to move, but part of it is because we have
tried to reform their military, to understand the principles of George
Washington stepping aside; that the militaries are not supposed to
usurp and dominate the political powers of their countries.
To some degree, we are refighting the eighties that are over.
Furthermore, as I have been at Fort Benning, as well as visiting in
Peru and Bolivia and Colombia and Mexico, and with many people who have
gone through this program four times in the last 4 years, they have
learned that you cannot just go in and shoot down people who disagree,
you have to try to reach them. Where did they learn that? From us.
The Clinton administration in the last few years, I will grant, has
been more aggressive in teaching human rights, or criticizing their own
administration as they have tried to broaden out.
As to this argument about the Jesuits, quite frankly, that was a
terrible tragedy. We should never have been any part of anything to do
with it. But let us make something clear, the United States government
did not do that and did not authorize that. I feel terrible for the
people Ted Bundy killed, but I do not blame the University of
Washington, where he went.
I do not blame the Unabomber for having attended the University of
Michigan. I do not blame the Trinity College, Cambridge University, for
Kim Philby, Donald McLean, Burgess and Blunt, all traitors. I do not
blame Bronx Community College for the Son of Sam. I do not blame Ohio
State University for Jeffrey Dahmer.
Just because they went to universities and might have even learned
skills that quite frankly helped them do their terrible crimes,
writing, communicating, and so on, does not mean that the purpose of
those universities was to teach them the things that they did wrong.
It is insulting to this government, because the whole case that all
this spins around is one document that supposedly was used in one
classroom that somebody brought in that was in Spanish, and when we
found it, we took it out, and do not even know that it was used in the
classroom.
The second part of the case are people who committed crimes, and they
have attended the school. We have tried to work with the school to do
better tracking, to do better screening. That is what we need to be
addressing.
Ironically, this is one of the only ways, through the Spanish
language, to reach the lower educated and low-income parts of their
military in their country. We do training, but we do training in other
bases of officers. We do not reach out to the masses who are in fact in
debatable practices, sometimes, in non-narcotics areas. But basically,
we are teaching them that they have to do it better and follow
procedures. We are not teaching them to violate human rights. I find it
insulting.
One last comment is that I think that this is arguably the
centerpiece of our antidrug war in the world, because we cannot patrol
the entire world. What we can do is teach people how to do a better job
following the principles of democracy and human rights, the limitations
of the military around the world.
While I have skepticism about our government, I think it is demeaning
to this President and the Vice President, the people in our Armed
Forces, to think that they are actually training people for the
deliberate purpose of killing others, outside the normal procedures of
war.
Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
Mr. Chairman, I wish the gentleman was with me when I saw the brains
of Jesuits being scraped off the wall as a result of being killed by
some of the graduates of the School of the Americas, if he thinks this
is propaganda.
Mr. Chairman, I yield 5 minutes to the gentleman from Massachusetts

[[Page H6704]]

(Mr. McGovern), who at the time was my chief investigator in El
Salvador when we discovered who the killers were of those Jesuits.
Mr. McGOVERN. Mr. Chairman, I rise in strong support of the Moakley-
Scarborough amendment to shut down the School of the Americas. Nearly a
decade ago I had the privilege of working for the dean of the
Massachusetts delegation, the gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr.
Moakley), in investigating the murders of 6 Jesuits priests, their
housekeeper, and her teenaged daughter at the University of Central
America in El Salvador.
I knew four of these priests. I worked with them on human rights
issues during the long war in El Salvador. I knew their work in support
of the poor, in education, in support of negotiating an end to the war.
I joked with them. Believe it or not, I even sang songs with them. I
ate at their table. I saw them receive honors and awards for their work
on behalf of peace and human rights.
Like the rest of America, I woke up on November 16, 1989, to photos
and news footage of their blood-splattered bullet-ridden bodies lying
on the ground outside their home, dead, murdered, forced out of their
beds in the middle of the night, forced to the ground with high-powered
U.S. rifles put to their heads, their brains blown out across the yard.
Mr. Chairman, these images haunt me. They should haunt all of us.
They should certainly haunt the U.S. Army School of the Americas,
because when the facts of this came out, 19 of the 26 soldiers who
murdered these men and women were graduates of the School of the
Americas.
In the past 10 years, not once, not once, Mr. Chairman, have I heard
anyone from the School of the Americas, the U.S. Army, or the Pentagon
express any regret or concern about any possible role they might have
played in relation to these murders, not on the record or off the
record, not in private, nothing. All we ever hear from the School of
the Americas and the Secretary of the Army and everyone else in the
military establishment are rationalizations about a few bad apples. How
many bad apples does it take before we shut this school down?
It is not just El Salvador or Guatemala in the past, it is today. It
is today in Colombia, it is today in Peru, it is today in Bolivia.
Every single time the United Nations or human rights groups analyze
which military officers are the major human rights abusers, they find
the overwhelming majority have been trained by the U.S. Army School of
the Americas.
Let me be clear, these are not reports by the Pentagon or the school,
these reports are generally made by human rights advocates, who place
themselves in great danger in order to determine who among their
militaries are responsible for ordering and carrying out atrocities
against the civilian population.
In fact, the School of the Americas has never attempted to track the
actions of its graduates. In fact, it has refused to carry out an
independent review of its graduates. It simply does not want to know.
I do not know when each of my colleagues last traveled to Central
America, but I urge them to go and talk to the people in the churches,
to religious workers, to human rights workers, to labor leaders, and to
just average folks. Ask them about the School of the Americas. Almost
without exception, they will point out that the school is part of the
problem with U.S. policy.
Do not ask government officials beholden to U.S. aid, do not ask the
Latin American generals, do not ask the Pentagon. Of course they
support the school. They have to. It is their job, or their junket. Ask
the people of Latin America. Go to the villages that have suffered
military oppression.
This school is a blemish on the image of the United States among the
people of Latin America. There are better ways to train members of the
Latin American military. There are better ways to build relationships.
Every year the United States carries out training programs and
leadership development throughout Latin America that involve tens of
thousands of Latin American military officers and enlisted personnel.
We do not need the School of the Americas to do the training. There are
other ways, better ways. A couple of small buildings on the huge base
of Fort Benning could be put to better use and for other purposes.
Nothing can bring back my friends from the dead, but I have walked on
the ground where they died, and I refuse to vote for a single penny
more of taxpayer dollars for the school that trained their killers and
that continues to train military officers who harm and kill innocent
people in Latin America.
This is a vote of values. This is a vote of conscience. This is the
time to shut down the School of the Americas. The time is now. I urge
my colleagues to vote for the Moakley-Scarborough amendment. It is the
right thing to do.
Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I yield 4 minutes to the gentleman from
Nebraska (Mr. Bereuter).
(Mr. BEREUTER asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Chairman, I rise in strong opposition to the
amendment offered by the distinguished gentleman from Massachusetts
(Mr. Moakley) to close the U.S. Army School of the Americas.
The gentleman from Georgia (Mr. Bishop) is right, this is pure
propaganda. Never has there been such a misguided, concerted propaganda
effort against an organ of the United States government.
What bothers me, what saddens me, is the emotion, obviously deep
emotion, because of the atrocities that affected the Maryknoll nuns,
the Jesuit priests, the Archbishop Romero. This emotion would cause us
to do irrational things.
It is time to leave behind this debate. I would say to my colleague,
the gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr. McGovern), the gentleman who just
spoke, nothing will bring back the gentleman's friends. Those people
were killed by men who did not receive their training to kill at the
School of the Americas. He is on a mission from the 1980s. That mission
today is misguided.
Mr. Chairman, as many of my colleagues are aware, there is this
concerted effort to discredit the U.S. Army School of the Americas, the
persistent use of outdated arguments of what the members consider to be
a misreading of the record of outstanding service of nearly all of the
school's graduates.
The School of the Americas, of course, is a key foreign policy tool
for the United States in Latin America and the Caribbean. It helps to
shape the region's leadership and environment in ways that are
favorable to American interests. The school is also an integral part of
the U.S. Southern Command's engagement strategy for the region.
At the end of the Cold War the attendant shift in U.S. national
security strategy from containment to engagement and enlargement, and
the emergence of new challenges to U.S. security interests, clearly has
transformed many of America's institutions. Like most military
institutions, the U.S. School of the Americas has undergone substantial
changes.
I would say to my colleague, the gentleman from Georgia, this
organization is not a mistake. It leads for democracy, not against it.
It has emerged over the Cold War period with a revitalized and
strengthened mission that promotes democracy, civilian control of the
military, and respect for human rights. The change in mission has
driven a corrresponding shift in the school's curriculum.
Today the School of the Americas emphasizes drug interdiction and
eradication, humanitarian assistance and demining operations, civil-
military relations, ethical, legal, and operational perspectives
pertaining to human rights, democratic issues sustainment, and the
conduct of peacekeeping and broader operations. With that as the kind
of curriculum, it is no wonder that the officers and men involved in
the School of the Americas, members of the United States Army, are
insulted when they are charged with leading to the kind of abuses that
are suggested as coming from their graduates.
Opponents of the school have indicted it is responsible for or
complicit in many of the human rights abuses committed in Latin
American countries. The facts are that in the School of the Americas
53-year tenure, during which it has graduated over 60,000 students, a
small fraction of 1 percent of those students have ever been linked to
human rights violations.

[[Page H6705]]

The lessons of the school did not take for these people, but probably
nothing would have changed those evil and illegal inclinations.
Do all the graduates of our leading religious universities and
colleges lead exemplary lives when they graduate? Of course they do
not. The students of the School of the Americas committed violence in
spite of, not because of what they learned at the School of the
Americas.
Recent retired military officers trained at the school have included
ten Latin American heads of State, 37 cabinet members, and over 100
chiefs of the Armed Forces and Chiefs of Staff of the services. General
Jaime Guzman, a graduate, the minister of defense of El Salvador, has
made heroic strides toward the elimination of human rights abuses by
that Nation's military forces, a force that during the 1980s numbered
abuses in the range of 2,000 per month.
Ironically, a direct benefit of the scrutiny of the school, including
the scrutiny of the gentleman from Massachusetts, and I commend him for
it, has resulted in very positive changes.
I oppose the gentleman's amendment. I ask my colleagues to do
likewise.
Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield 3 minutes to the gentlewoman from
California (Ms. Lee).
Ms. LEE. Mr. Chairman, I rise in strong support of the Moakley
amendment to prohibit the continued funding of the United States Army
School of the Americas. I thank the gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr.
Moakley) for his courageous leadership.
This is not pure propaganda. Those of us who defend human rights in
the world know that the School of the Americas' training has been
strongly connected to a deplorable amount of atrocities in the world.
Sixty percent of the military officers cited for human rights
violations in El Salvador by the 1992 report of the United National
Truth Commission are School of the Americas graduates. In Columbia, 50
percent of the 247 military officers cited for abuses in a definitive
1998 publication are School of the Americas graduates.
What have these graduates been taught? They have learned the most
sophisticated ways to commit torture, excessive abuses, and kidnaps in
the middle of the night. Some of these graduates have been connected to
the El Mozote massacre of 800 civilians, and the rape, torture, and
murder of four American churchwomen.
Furthermore, the School of the Americas has been connected to the
murder of six Jesuits priests and two women, and even to the
assassinations of Archbishop Oscar Romero, a man who dedicated his life
to peace.
How much longer will we continue to fund an institution whose
teachings have been connected to so many needless deaths and sources of
pain for so many people? Some of the defenders of School of the
Americas say that it is a center for counternarcotics training, but do
not allow them to cloak this school in a feel-good explanation. Its
graduates have been implicated time and time and time again in drug-
related crimes in Peru, Columbia, Venezuela, Bolivia, and Guatemala.
Also, we must ask ourselves, what is the moral guiding principle for
allowing the School of the Americas to remain open? The same supporters
will state that the manuals of torture are a thing of the past and the
curriculum has been reformed. However, they have not reformed enough.
Only 10 percent of the School of the Americas students take part or
attend classes in this new curriculum.
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights proclaims a common standard
of achievement for all peoples in all nations to the end that every
individual and every organ of society keeping this declaration in mind
shall strive by teaching and educating to promote these rights and
freedoms.

{time} 2145

The document also vows to, if it is essential, that human rights
should be protected by the state of the law. Surely we can discern that
forced imprisonment, extortion, rape, torture, and murder are not a
protection of human rights, but rather a gross violation. We have a
collective promise to protect human rights. To allow continued funding
is not meeting that promise. Let us take that first step by voting for
the Moakley amendment.
Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from
Texas (Mr. Edwards).
Mr. EDWARDS. Mr. Chairman, I respect my Democratic colleagues who,
for years, have expressed their concerns about the Army School of the
Americas. Perhaps, and perhaps surely because of them, we have a better
school today, and I respect that.
But I would suggest that many Democrats will join with our Republican
colleagues tonight in support of the belief that the School of the
Americas furthers, not hurts, democracy and human rights in South
America.
Let me mention the statement of one Democrat to that effect. ``I am
proud of the prominent role that the school now plays through its
emphasis on the values of human rights and civilian control of
military.'' ``The School of the Americas and the emphasis its
curriculum gives human rights are an important part of our efforts to
strengthen democratic institutions throughout Latin America.''
That was a statement made on March 24 of this year by President Bill
Clinton.
What are the facts? Sixty thousand graduates of the school and a
small percentage have been guilty of human rights abuses. Should we
shut such a school? I would suggest not. Because if we were being fair
and applied that same logic to American universities and colleges from
Harvard to Stanford to the University of Texas, we would have to close
every major university in the United States.
Mr. Chairman, that is the problem we have and I have with our
relations with our friends, our Latinos to the south of the United
States. The reason they see us as big brother, and a condescending one
at that, is because we apply one standard to ourselves and a different,
higher standard to them. I do not think it is fair, and neither do
they.
The reality is the fact that democracy has grown, not shrunk, in
Latin America over the last decade. I believe, President Clinton
believes, many other Democrats and the Republicans believe the School
of the Americas has played a constructive role in that progress.
I personally have a hard time thinking that courses such as
humanitarian mine removal, counterdrug operations, democratic
sustainment, and human rights, train the trainer programs have been the
cause of human rights abuses in Latin America.
I oppose the Moakley amendment, in all due respect.
Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from
Massachusetts (Mr. Meehan).
Mr. MEEHAN. Mr. Chairman, I rise tonight in support of the Moakley
amendment to prohibit funding for the School of the Americas.
No one has come to this floor to say that every graduate of the
School of the Americas has been a murderer or has committed murders.
But no one can deny, if the School of the Americas had a class reunion
this weekend, it would be a gathering of some of the most unsavory
thugs in the history of the Western Hemisphere.
Mr. Chairman, the Cold War is long over. The primary objective of the
United States foreign policies have changed as a result. Our focus in
Latin America has shifted from combatting Communist insurgencies to
supporting promising developments in democratic and civilian rule, and
encouraging respect for human rights.
We must adjust our policies accordingly to reflect this transition.
Although the administrators of the School of the Americas claim that
their curriculum has been modified to satisfy our new policy
objectives, their arguments fail to convince me.
Administrators are quick to point out that they have added courses
solely devoted to teaching human rights. What their promotional
literature fails to mention, however, is that in the 3 years since the
course has been offered, not a single student has taken it.
The School of the Americas claims it is instrumental in the war
against drugs. How instrumental can their graduates be when, in 1997,
less than 8 percent of the students took the course on
counternarcotics.
Four years ago, I traveled to Fort Benning, Georgia to tour the
school myself. I was hoping to disprove the School of the Americas'
critics. Unfortunately, I left the school unconvinced.

[[Page H6706]]

Four years later, significant changes have yet to occur. Four years
later, reports on human rights abuses in Latin America continue to
implicate School of the Americas' graduates.
In February of this year, the Guatemalan Truth Commission Report
concluded that School of the Americas' counterinsurgency training
contributed significantly to human rights abuses in that country.
Moreover, a recently released U.S. State Department Report on Human
Rights in Columbia links School of the Americas' graduates to abuses
that include the July 1997 Mapiripan massacre of 30 peasants, as well
as numerous targeted killings of civilians.
Enough is enough. We have heard these same arguments year after year.
We have listened to excuses and denials, yet nothing has changed.
The time has come to close this chapter of history and move on.
Surely, there are better ways to foster cooperative relationships with
our peers in Latin America. The United States has an obligation to
prove it stands for human rights and not coercion or repression.
I urge all of my colleagues to vote in support of the Moakley
amendment and close the School of the Americas.
Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from
North Carolina (Mr. Ballenger).
Mr. BALLENGER. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman from Massachusetts
for yielding me this time.
Mr. Chairman, I would like to say probably for those people that do
not know, I probably have been to El Salvador, Nicaragua, and Guatemala
more than anybody in this Congress. I would like to say that we just
got back a month ago on a trip where we went to Venezuela and El
Salvador.
I had a very interested Democrat who, everywhere we went, asked about
the School of the Americas, the School of the Americas, the School of
Americas, obviously looking for some statement by somebody down there
about how bad the School of the Americas was.
The commander of the Army in Venezuela, I thought, gave the best
answer. He was an alumnist. He said that the best training that his
Army got was in the School of the Americas. He spoke glowingly about
it. He also said that there was no way that he could take his troops
that basically had no training at all and make good soldiers out of
them without some training outside of his own country. He really spoke
positively about it.
In El Salvador, the same question was put by the same person to ex-
President Alfredo Cristiani. Those of my colleagues that do not
remember, he was the President of El Salvador when the war was really
going hot, when the priests were killed. He was the person who kept the
peace process going.
In his statement to us, having been questioned about the quality or
what was the value of the School of the Americas, he said specifically
that he doubted that there was any possibility they would ever have had
peace. Because before the rebels were willing to settle in El Salvador,
the whole commanding force of the Army had to voluntarily quit. Most of
those people that voluntarily quit and left their jobs, and I know one
of them now who was the commander, complete commander of the Army, is
running a filling station in El Salvador, San Salvador.
But without the voluntary effort on their part to leave, without any
effort to try to keep their own power and so forth and to back off and
allow the peacemaking between the rebels and Alfredo Cristiani
government, it is hard to believe it could have been done better.
Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
Mr. Chairman, I guess we both went different places. I was in El
Salvador at the anniversary mass of the Jesuits. After I got through
speaking, people came up to me and said, ``How can you in the America
who is so noted for human rights abuse keep that School of Americas
open with the graduates who killed many of our people down here?'' I
did not have an answer for them.
Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from California (Mr.
Campbell).
Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman from Massachusetts
for yielding me this time.
Mr. Chairman, there is a simple question I try to ask most times I
hear about government spending. Do we need it? My colleagues do not
have to prove that the School of the Americas is demonic. My colleagues
just have to ask themselves, do we need it?
There are many other uses for our taxpayers' dollars in the foreign
assistance area that are profoundly more valuable, more important, more
treasured by us, and more beneficial to the recipient than this. To
make that case, my colleagues do not have to make the case of any
indictment of the kind added to the graduates of the School of the
Americas.
Second point, the question has arisen as to whether the School of the
Americas has engaged in training people to engage in atrocities
themselves. I do not maintain that. I am not offering that as the
premise for supporting the amendment. What I am saying is that they
have shown a remarkable tin ear.
How many years now have we debated the School of the Americas on the
floor of this body and asked for reforms, asked for a mandatory course
in human rights? As we just heard from our colleague in the well, they
still do not have takers for their voluntary course in human rights.
They have instituted a course. And so I did the research, and I found
out that it is listed in the course catalog, the United States Army
School of the Americas at Fort Benning, Georgia. This is their human
rights course. It is a course listed as OE-1, Human Rights Train the
Trainer Qualification Course.
Then when we check the International Military Education and Training,
IMET, statistics from the military training report, we find out that
nobody took it.
Well, the next counter is, well, there is another course, and they
are getting around to it. This course trains the upper level staff, the
command in general staff course. So I checked into that. It turns out
that, yes, out of 817 students in the School of the Americas last year,
28 were enrolled for that course. That is for the very upper level. In
1999, again 28.
The argument I make is simple. It is not needed. Do not spend it.
Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I yield 5 minutes to the gentleman from
Georgia (Mr. Collins).
Mr. COLLINS. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman from Alabama for
yielding me this time.
Mr. Chairman, is the school needed? Yes, in answer to the gentleman
from California (Mr. Campbell). In answer to his comments about those
who did not enroll in the certain human rights classes, I showed him
evidence today, he evidently forgot it, that they have and they are.
We have heard the Cold War is over. We have heard that about Europe.
But we are spending billions of dollars there today. We have heard
about the atrocities in where these people were taught. We from Georgia
have been glued to the TV this afternoon about an atrocity we had there
today where we have 13 people dead. I wonder where that guy learned to
kill. Atrocities happen, especially in a time and era when one is
changing from dictatorship to democracy. That is what has happened in
Latin America. We have built democracies there, and now we must
maintain them.
Mr. Chairman, the U.S. Army School of the Americas is our Nation's
foremost training facility for Spanish-speaking militaries and police
forces and for U.S. military officers to be stationed in South America,
Central America, or the Caribbean.
The school provides training and professional military and police
operations, drug interdiction and eradication, peacekeeping, and other
areas critical for the post-Cold War challenges in this hemisphere.
Every course at the school has been developed to serve the interests
of democracy, and every student who attends the school does receive
training in human rights. In fact, the school is widely recognized as
having developed the foremost human rights training program available
to any military training institution in the world, including those
others of U.S. training centers.
Those who suggest that the United States Army School of the Americas

[[Page H6707]]

has somewhat been responsible for crimes committed by Latin American
soldiers, and the School of the Americas is responsible, are just
wrong. They have no way to substantiate it.
An honest assessment of Latin American history over the last 50 years
demonstrates clearly that the U.S. Army School of the Americas serves
the American interest.

{time} 2200

Just recently this week, the Secretary of the Army, Louis Caldera,
made the case for the school in a Washington Times op-ed piece, and I
would like to read the comments from the secretary, and I quote:
``The preponderance of the engagement with Latin American militaries
takes place at the U.S. Army School of the Americas located at Fort
Benning, Georgia. The courses taught at the School of the Americas are
a reflection of our national security policy, but they are also a
reflection of our national values. While the majority of the courses
involved are of professional military instruction, new courses have
been added on civilian-military relations, humanitarian mine removal
efforts, peace operations and sustaining democracy. All courses include
instruction in human rights and make clear that the proper role of the
military in society is subordination to civilian control.''
He further states: ``Instruction covers the ethical, legal and
operational consequences of failing to respect essential standards of
individual rights and international law regarding the legitimate use of
force.
``Despite such changes, the School of the Americas is once again
under attack from critics who claim that it trains Latin American
militaries to violate human rights and circumvent the democratic
process.
``Instead of focusing on the negative, we should examine the role of
the vast majority of graduates who have served their nations proudly
and professionally. For example, the key members of the delegation that
put together the recent historic peace accord between Ecuador and Peru
were School of the Americas graduates from Peru, Ecuador, and the
guarantor nations of Chile and United States.
He further states that: ``The School of the Americas receives more
oversight than any other U.S. military school. It has undergone
several, several,'' as mentioned by my colleague from Georgia, 12
``separate investigations at the request of the Congress and the
Department of Defense. Each of the investigations has found the School
of the Americas to be in compliance with U.S. law and policy.''
Mr. Chairman, while most of the turmoil of the 1980s has subsided in
this region, new threats have emerged and must be addressed. With all
the progress that has been made in the region over the last 50 years,
it would be irresponsible to turn our backs while drug traffickers and
terrorists chip away at freedom and democracy in Central and South
America. It is irresponsible, irresponsible, to the democracies of
Latin American countries and to the policy of this Nation to close the
School of the Americas.
Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Chairman, once again, can the Chair inform me of how
much time I have remaining?
The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr. Moakley) has 5
minutes remaining, and the gentleman from Alabama (Mr. Callahan) has 1
minute remaining.
Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield 1 minute to the gentlewoman from
Michigan (Ms. Rivers).
Ms. RIVERS. Mr. Chairman, as a child I learned a simple but accurate
rule: You are known by the company you keep. The grizzly record amassed
by the graduates of the School of the Americas does not reflect well on
the United States of America or on this body, which votes to fund its
operations year after year.
We can no longer pretend our hands are clean when we continue to
train those whose hands become so bloody. Even 1 day more, Mr.
Chairman, is 1 day too many. It is time to close the School of the
Americas.
Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield 1 minute to the gentleman from
Ohio (Mr. Kucinich).
Mr. KUCINICH. Mr. Chairman, I rise in support of the amendment.
In 1980, four U.S. churchwomen were brutally murdered in El Salvador.
Among them was a close friend of mine, Sister Dorothy Kazel from
Cleveland, killed by graduates of the School of the Americas.
In 1989, six Jesuit priests were massacred in El Salvador by School
of the Americas graduates.
Archbishop Oscar Romero and Bishop Juan Gerardi of Guatemala were
assassinated by School of the Americas graduates.
Almost 1,000 citizens of the El Mozote community in El Salvador were
massacred by School of the Americas graduates.
In 1997, 30 peasants in the Colombian village of Mapiripan were
massacred by School of the Americas graduates.
If this is a school for the Americas, then Al Capone ran a social
club for Chicago. It is time to close the school.
In 1992, nine students and a professor were killed in Peru by School
of the Americas graduates.
Efrain Barnaca and U.S. citizen Michael DeVine were killed in
Guatemala.
Three people were innocent civilians and missionaries working for
peace and justice, and they were brutally killed by officers who
received their human rights training from the United States Government
at the School of the Americas.
Three of the five officers responsible for the ``U.S. Churchwomen's''
deaths, including my friend, were trained at the SOA.
Nineteen of the 26 officers accused of the massacre of six Jesuit
priests were graduates of the SOA.
Two of the three officers responsible for the assassination of
Archbishop Romero went to the SOA.
Ten of the twelve involved in the El Mozote massacre of 1,000 people
were SOA graduates.
The six Peruvian officers who killed the students and their professor
attended the SOA.
The officer in charge at the Mapiripan massacre graduated from the
SOA.
And the murderer of Efrain Barnaca and U.S. citizen Michael DeVine is
a SOA graduate.
Unfortunately, these are only a few examples of the human rights
abuses committed by SOA graduates. In spite of the half-hearted human
rights instruction that the SOA claims it includes in every course, the
State Department's Country Reports on Human Rights Practices highlight
more examples of SOA graduates committing human rights abuses each
year.
What Latin American militaries need most is a curriculum solidly
based on human rights, civilian control of the military and democratic
values. It's not hard to imagine why graduates who spend the majority
of their time on military intelligence, psychological operations,
battle staff operations, and commando courses and only eight hours of
human rights instruction end up committing human rights violations upon
returning to their home countries.
As this issue comes to a vote, an InterReligious Task Force
delegation of young Ohioans is meeting with victims of violence in El
Salvador. They will visit the site of the Jesuit massacre and the El
Mozote massacre. They will also visit the site where the four
churchwomen were murdered. When they return, we will have yet another
first-hand account of the suffering so many SOA graduates have caused.
The young people in this group are acutely aware of the tragedies
incited by SOA trainees. As more reports of sketchy curriculums and SOA
graduates committing human rights abuses are revealed, this awareness
is spreading across the country and the American people are demanding
that this school be closed.
It is time to stop funding of this school. If we are truly committed
to promoting human rights around the world, we cannot continue funding
this school and training future human rights abusers. Let's support
justice and peace, not violence and deceit.
I urge my colleagues to vote ``yes'' on Representative Moakely's
amendment to cut funding for the SOA.
Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield the balance of my time to the
gentleman from Minnesota (Mr. Vento).
Mr. VENTO. Mr. Chairman, I rise in strong support of this amendment.
If we sold jet fighters or arms to a country and they misused or
abused their citizens or those around them misused those arms, we would
stop the assistance and aid to that country. When we invest in human
individuals and military training and we see the misuse and abuse going
on with that, we ought to try to restrain it and limit it.
But what are we doing here? We talk about decades-old reports. This
is a 1999 report from the Guatemalan Truth

[[Page H6708]]

Commission reporting on the conduct of School of Americas graduates.
This is the 1998 U.S. State Department report, reporting on problems in
Colombia. And what is at the base of it? The graduates from the School
of the Americas.
What is the answer to this particular problem from the school? It is
a plan that lives on paper that does not live in reality. My friend
from Nebraska raised the point that there is a human rights course.
Nobody takes it. It is not mandated. And only one in 10 students at
this school take any type of course that is related to peace or any of
the other values that we are trying to profess. So they have a plan
that lives on paper here but not in reality. They are papering over a
very serious problem.
This culture has not been changed. It is the same culture that has
existed before in terms of this institution, one that fights against
the empowerment of people, against social justice, against the
religious voices that are speaking up in those countries where they do
not have that freedom; against the labor unions in those countries,
where they are trying to get power for the people; and even against the
political system. They even complain that some of the political
campaigning is subversive. Well, sometimes we might agree with them,
but the fact of the matter is that this is the conduct of what is going
on in this school over and over again.
Are we short of higher education institutions in this country that we
cannot bring Spanish speaking individuals into this country to receive
the type of training they need?
And then to bring up the issue of drugs. Well, if this is the answer
to drugs in South America and Central America, I think we better change
it because it is not working very well. In fact, they are almost taking
over Colombia these days.
So the fact of the matter is we need to face the facts and look at
this and what is going on down here. And I know that our military and
the people involved here have good intentions, but the road to hell is
paved with good intentions and the road to what has happened here is
wrong. We ought to reject this particular language in the bill, we
ought to save the $2 million, and we ought to try to respect the rights
and the decency of the people in South and Central America that see
this as oppression, that see this as something where they send their
young men into this country for training and we send them back people
that are trained to use those tools and those skills in a way to
suppress the democracies and the people in Central and South America.
Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I yield such time as he may consume to
the gentleman from California (Mr. Gallegly).
(Mr. GALLEGLY asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. GALLEGLY. Mr. Chairman, as the chairman of the Subcommittee on
the Western Hemisphere of the Committee on International Relations, I
stand in opposition to the Moakley amendment and in support of the
School of the Americas.
Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I yield such time as he may consume to
the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Reyes).
(Mr. REYES asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. REYES. Mr. Chairman, I rise in opposition to this amendment.
I believe that as Members of Congress, we should fully explore issues
before making a determination as to their merits. As such, before I
decided my position on the U.S. Army School of the Americas, I met with
opponents of the school and I also visited the facility.
At the school, I met with the Commandant. I met with professors--both
U.S. military and those from elsewhere in this hemisphere. I met with
students. I visited classes. The Army made all of the school open and
available to me. My visit convinced me that the School of the Americas
is providing an essential service to this nation, assisting in our
attempts to positively influence countries throughout the Americas.
On more than one occasion, I have personally invited many of my
colleagues who oppose the school to visit the facility with me, but
none have agreed to do so. On May 12, I invited many of my colleagues
to join me for breakfast with Army Secretary Louis Caldera and School
of the Americas Commandant Colonel Glenn Weidner. They were available
to answer any questions Members have concerning the school. Only five
Members came.
Caldera and Weidner explained, among other things, that the School of
the Americas is a U.S. Army school. It teaches the same doctrine,
tactics, techniques, and procedures as are taught at every other Army
school. Some of my colleagues complain that students are being taught
war fighting skills. They are the same war fighting skills taught at
every other Army school.
I want you to remain mindful of all of the organizations within the
federal government that believe the School of the Americas is a
critical tool for promoting democracy and teaching respect for civilian
control of a nation and respect for human rights. The Department of
State, the Department of Defense, the Department of the Army, the Drug
Enforcement Administration, the Office of National Drug Control Policy,
and the Commander in Chief of the U.S. Southern Command have all
strongly endorsed the School of the Americas as critical to our foreign
policy in Latin America. Officials from each of these organizations
have written strong letters of support for the school.
Finally, before you cast a vote today to eliminate a school that has
provided a great service to this country for more than 50 years, I
would ask that you take the time to visit the school, or at least, take
the time to meet with its supporters. If you have not had time to do
so, please do not vote to kill the school at this time. Once it is
eliminated, we cannot take that back. Instead, please vote against the
amendment and take the time to explore this issue more fully over the
next year. I urge you to oppose the elimination of School of the
Americas.
Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself the balance of my time,
and I will just close by saying that we have had, once again, this
annual debate on the School of the Americas. Nothing new has been said.
The situation is the same as it was last year.
The school is doing a great service, I think, to this hemisphere. We
are, for the first time in many decades, experiencing peace in our own
hemisphere and, in my opinion, a lot of that is because of the efforts
of the School of the Americas.
Mr. Chairman, I urge the Members of Congress to vote against the
amendment.
Mr. FARR of California. Mr. Chairman, I ask my colleagues to join
together to ensure that this year's graduating class at the School of
Americas is the School's last. Ever. After years of debate, it is time
that we finally end the terrible legacy of the School of the Americas.
In an era in which we are striving to strengthen democracy and respect
for human rights in Latin America, as well as throughout the globe, we
cannot possibly justify or tolerate a school whose students major in
``Methods of Torture'' or ``Murder 101.''
The School of the Americas has trained tens of thousands of military
personnel from Latin America in combat and military strategy, only to
send its graduates back to their home countries to commit horrible
atrocities against innocent people. Some of the School's most infamous
alumni include Latin American dictators such as Manual Noriega of
Panama, Augusto Pinochet of Chile, and Hugo Banzeer of Bolivia. School
of the Americas graduates are responsible for the murder of six Jesuit
priests in El Salvador in 1989 and the murder of university students in
Peru in 1992. Tyrants that we teach our youths to condemn are actually
trained on American soil by American personnel. It is our
responsibility to halt this hypocrisy.
Military education doesn't have to be this way. Military schools have
used exchange programs to allow officers around the world the
opportunity to learn about U.S. military doctrine as well as the
democratic process. The fact is, the Cold War is over and democracy is
spreading throughout Latin America. The School of Americas serves no
further purpose.
The evidence is clear, Mr. Chairman. The School of the Americas is an
example of military education gone wrong. How long must be deaths of
innocent people, including American citizens, continue because of our
support for the School of the Americas? The School must be closed for
good.
I urge my colleagues to cut funding to the School of the Americans
and support the Moakley amendment.
Ms. McKINNEY. Mr. Chairman, earlier this year President Clinton
traveled to Central America. Unfortunately, from Guatemala to El
Salvador, he was forced to acknowledge and apologize for U.S. past
mistakes in the region. Further, the School of Americas can be traced
directly to many of the problems associated with past policy in the
region.
So I rise today, to encourage my colleagues to join me in supporting
an amendment offered by Representative Moakley to close the United
States Army School of the Americas located in Fort Benning, Georgia.

[[Page H6709]]

The legacy of the School of the Americas, better known throughout
this hemisphere as the School of Assassins, brings shame on the United
States military and upon our nation.
As a Georgian, I am embarrassed that the SOA is based in the State
that I am so proud to represent.
As a member of the Armed Services Committee, I am extremely
frustrated by the dismissive attitude of some of our military
establishment to the revelations that our soldiers trained others to
murder, torture, and terrorize civilians.
And as a woman of color, I am indignant that the School of Americas
has played such a prominent role in the brutal oppression of people of
color throughout the America's.
Mr. Chairman, two weeks ago I received a ``Dear Colleague'' letter
that featured a lengthy editorial written by former U.S. Ambassador to
Panama Ambler Moss, stating his support for the School of the Americas.
The editorial is representative of the misinformation being promulgated
about the SOA and I believe that some clarification of his statement is
in order.
Mr. Moss writes that Members of Congress who oppose the school claim
it is a ``school of assassins.'' In fact, it was Panamanians who dubbed
the SOA the School of Assassins, long before SOA graduate and
Panamanian dictator Manuel Noreiga became a guest of the State of
Florida.
Mr. Moss goes on to state that blaming the school for the atrocities
of its graduates is akin to ``vilify[ing] Harvard because its alumnus
Ted Kaczynsky'' is the Unibomber. It is an absurd comparison. I would
suggest that if thousands of Harvard graduates went on to careers in
murder, rape, and torture, its trustees would be in prison and its
doors closed.
In a rather cynical distortion of the truth, the editorial would have
us believe that the ``new and improved'' emphasis of the training at
the SOA is now respect for civilian control of the military and respect
for human rights. That is false. Of the 33 courses offered at the SOA,
only five are related to human rights or democracy and less than ten
percent of the students took those last year. None have taken the human
rights trainer course.
Finally, Mr. Speaker, the author notes that the ``bad name [the SOA]
gave the United States continues to undermine our image with many Latin
Americans of democratic persuasion.'' That, at least, he got right.
Other myths abound about the School of the Americas. To name a few,
some have made the claim that the SOA is critical to the war on drugs,
but the truth is that fewer than 8% of the students took counter-
narcotics courses in 1997.
I am particularly concerned by the counter-narcotics myth because I
fear the war on drugs, like anti-communism before it, provides too
convenient an excuse for turning a blind eye to gross violations of
human rights in pursuit of our so-called just cause.
Another pernicious myth about the SOA that is routinely touted as
fact is that abuse by its graduates is, like the cold war, a thing of
the past. Yet just last year a State Department report shows a SOA
graduate commanded Columbia's notorious 20th brigade which had to be
disbanded because of its involvement in human rights abuses including
political assassination.
The same report shows that another SOA graduate is under
investigation for his complicity in the 1997 Majpiripan massacre of 30
peasants.
The Department of Defense is to be commended for acknowledging that
training manuals used at the school as recently as 1991 recommended
forms of coercion against insurgents that included blackmail, torture
and execution. However, the DOD continues to resist efforts by Congress
to reform the School of the Americas.
In 1995, the House Appropriations Committee strongly urged the
Department to incorporate human rights training into the schools
regular training curriculum and ``to rigorously screen potential
students to make certain they have not taken part in past human rights
abuses.''
Unsatisfied, in 1996 the Committee included in its report to the FY
1997 Foreign Operations Appropriations bill similar language and
required the Secretary of Defense, in consultation with the Secretary
of State to prepare a report on the school by January 15, 1997.
Still unsatisfied, in 1997 the House version of the FY 1998 foreign
operations appropriations bill sought to cut off International Military
Education and Training funds to be school unless the Secretary of
Defense: (1) certified that the schools training is consistent with
respect to human rights; (2) certified that there was adequate
screening of prospective students and (3) provided to Congress a report
detailing the training at the school and an assessment of its
graduates.
After receiving the report mandated in 1996 in June, more than six
months late, the Committee asserted that it was ``woefully inadequate''
and did not respond to the Committee's specific request.
Mr. Speaker, efforts at Congressional oversight and reform of the
School of the Americas have been met with bureaucratic indifference,
token reform and a substantial public relations campaign to clean up
the schools image.
We can no longer allow the shameful legacy of the School of the
Americas to besmirch the honor and reputation of American soldiers, our
nation, or the great state of Georgia.
I urge all of my colleagues in the strongest terms, to join me in
voting to close the School of Assassins.
Mr. VENTO. Mr. Chairman, on behalf of my constituents who have
committed their lives to speaking out against torture and intimidation
tactics taught at the U.S. Army School of the Americas (SOA), I rise in
strong support of this human rights amendment which will cut funds for
the SOA.
Supporters of the U.S. Army School of Americas (SOA) often claim that
human rights abuses by SOA graduates are a thing of the past.
Unfortunately, time and time again, graduates of the SOA are cited for
horrific acts of violence, torture and murder. The recent State
Department Country Report on Human Rights Practices for 1998 points out
yet another example of SOA graduates committing human rights abuses
back home in their own countries, after receiving training at the
expense of U.S. Taxpayers. This time it is in Colombia. Where will the
next atrocity take place?
Specifically, the report states that Colombian Major Hernan Orozco
Castro, a graduate of the SOA, is under investigation by the Bogota
government for his involvement in a July 1997 massacre of at least 30
peasants in the village of Mapiripan. The report also describes the
Colombian government's May 1998 disbanding of the feared ``20th
Brigade'', led by an SOA graduate, for its involvement in human rights
abuses, including the targeted killings of civilians.
Such reports must be reconciled with our conscience and policy to
determine if our tax dollars should go to train Latin American military
and police forces. U.S. education and training programs, whether
military of civilian, have a paramount responsibility to uphold the
ideals of social justice and promote basic human rights.
Under intense scrutiny, the Defense Department has claimed that it
has cleaned up the SOA. Unfortunately, these reforms are only cosmetic
at best. Since 1997, when the SOA first taught its one and only human
rights course in Paraguay as a pilot program, not one student has taken
the course. Entitled ``Human Rights Train-the-Trainer Qualification
Course,'' this human rights course is not a required course--no course
is--and it was taught only once in Paraguay, not at Ft. Benning,
Georgia. Moreover, the School retains this courses on its list of
available courses to this day, even though the class is not taught
anymore. If the SOA leadership truly believed in human rights
instruction, it would offer a separate, mandatory course taught at the
school in Ft. Benning, Georgia.
Try as it may, the SOA cannot re-invent itself. It is time to close
the door on this chapter of violence. The SOA is a tragically failed
education effort. There are numerous U.S. institutions of higher
education that excel at preparing students from abroad to promote the
democratic values and safeguards fundamental to a free society. For the
sake of the people of Latin America and the United States, we must
close the SOA. I urge all my colleagues to vote yes on the Moakley
Amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. The question is on the amendment offered by the
gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr. Moakley).
The question was taken; and the Chairman announced that the ayes
appeared to have it.
Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Chairman, I demand a recorded vote.
The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to House Resolution 263, further proceedings
on the amendment offered by the gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr.
Moakley) will be postponed.
Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Chairman, I withdraw my demand for a recorded vote.
Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I demand a recorded vote.
The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to House Resolution 263, further proceedings
on the amendment offered by the gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr.
Moakley) will be postponed.

Amendment No. 3 Offered by Mr. Pitts

Mr. PITTS. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will designate the amendment.
The text of the amendment is as follows:

Part B amendment No. 3 printed in House Report 106-269
offered by Mr. Pitts:
Page 116, after line 5, insert the following:

limitation on child survival and disease programs fund

Sec. . None of the funds appropriated or otherwise made
available by this Act in title

[[Page H6710]]

II, under the heading ``CHILD SURVIVAL AND DISEASE PROGRAMS
FUND'' may be used for programs and activities designed to
control fertility or to reduce or delay childbirths or
pregnancies (except breastfeeding programs).

The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to House Resolution 263, the gentleman from
Pennsylvania (Mr. Pitts) and a Member opposed each will control 10
minutes.
The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Pitts).
Mr. PITTS. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
Mr. Chairman, I rise today to urge the House to pass my child
survival protection amendment to the foreign ops appropriations bill.
This amendment is simple, it is rational, and it represents taxpayer
honesty. It is one that many on both sides of the aisle can vote for.
Simply, it puts a firewall around child survival funding, stating that
child survival funds should be used for child survival, to save lives
of children, and not be used for population control.
This is merely honesty in budgeting, honesty in appropriations. Money
appropriated for child survival should be used for child survival.
Money appropriated for population control should be used for population
control.
Many of my colleagues might not be familiar with the child survival
program. Let me take a few minutes to give some background. In
developing countries, more than 12 million children under the age of 5
die each year of easily preventable diseases. This is the equivalent of
half of the children under 5 in America dying in a single year. It is
an enormous number of children. It is tragic.
The child survival funds in the foreign ops bill were created to help
these children live long enough to celebrate even their fifth birthday.
Children in developing countries die every day of illnesses that would
never be fatal to our children here in America, things like
dehydration, measles, pneumonia, malaria, respiratory infections. Our
children do not die of these things because we have access to
medicines, immunizations, and clean water. But poor mothers around the
world are often helpless to provide this care for their children, and
that is why child survival funding is absolutely essential.
Just take a look at this chart, which details the simple ways that
child survival funds can literally save millions of lives of the most
helpless people around the world, the children.
First, seven cents. That is all it costs for oral rehydration salts
that can save a child from dying of dehydration that has dysentery.
Nearly 2 million children die of that a year.
Fifteen dollars provides a child with immunization against six major
childhood diseases. Two million more children die of those around the
world.
Six cents can provide three vitamin A capsules to save a child from
going blind. One hundred million children suffer from this deficiency.
Fifteen dollars, a bed net, protects a child from malaria. More than
a million children a year die from malaria.
Twenty-five cents could provide proper antibiotics to treat
pneumonia. Two million children die of that.
One dollar and seventy cents improves sanitation to prevent water-
borne diseases. Three million children die from that.
I think my colleagues can see what common sense some of these
solutions are that have the potential for tremendous impact. What this
chart also shows is that the current amount of funds appropriated for
these treatments in child survival, $215 million, is grossly inadequate
to meet the needs of dying children around the world.
Mr. Chairman, that is why every dollar we are currently designating
for child survival must go directly for that, child survival. There are
reports that child survival funds have been used to promote population
control. Mr. Chairman, this robs children of live saving treatments.
Simply stated, this amendment seeks to prevent that from happening.
It ensures that child survival funding is used for child survival. We
already have $385 million for population control which can be used for
family planning purposes. Child survival funds should and must be used
for the purpose for which they are appropriated.
It is a simple amendment, it is taxpayer honesty, but in a very real
sense it is a life and death issue for millions of children around the
globe. Mr. Chairman, I urge the Members to support the child survival
protection amendment.
Mr. Chairman, I reserve the balance of my time.
The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentlewoman from California (Ms. Pelosi) seek
to claim the time in opposition?
Ms. PELOSI. I do, Mr. Chairman.
The CHAIRMAN. The gentlewoman from California (Ms. Pelosi) is
recognized for 10 minutes.
Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I yield 3\1/2\ minutes to the gentleman
from Michigan (Mr. Levin).

{time} 2215

Mr. LEVIN. Mr. Chairman, in the late 1970s I was in charge of
administering the International Voluntary Population programs of this
country. The big battle in those days was whether population programs
should be integrated so that programs relating to family planning be
integrated with health, with programs relating to the role of women,
with programs relating to maternal child health, also programs relating
to the role of men in the family.
There were those who wanted to build a brick wall between population
programs, family planning programs, and other programs, including
health programs.
Those who believed in integration won that battle. Those who thought
that the only answer was availability of contraceptives lost that
battle.
In the last decade, more and more the world has come to accept the
interrelationship between family planning programs and other population
programs, including maternal child health programs.
Well, here we are now with an amendment that tries to build a brick
wall between population programs and child survival programs.
The truth of the matter is that that wall is as fallacious as the
wall some tried to build 20 years ago between population and health
programs. We are doing this in reverse. The spacing of children is a
program that deeply relates to the health of children, period. The
evidence is clear on that. It is a dreadful mistake to now say that
child survival should not include anything that relates, for example,
to birth spacing.
Let me read from a statement by CARE and Save the Children. And by
the way, if any organizations know about child survival, it is CARE and
Save the Children. They say, this latest amendment ``fails to
appreciate both the integrated nature of maternal and child health
services and the important role of birth spacing in improving child
survival. Imposing this restriction would be impractical from a program
implementation standpoint and would undermine rather than enhance
access to this small but critical component of child survival
programs,'' signed by the president of CARE and the president of Save
the Children.
This is truly a misguided amendment. I do not think anybody is saying
that child survival funds are going in large numbers to programs
relating, for example, to the spacing of children.
Let us take a second look. This issue is not one related to abortion,
for example. Indeed birth spacing cuts down the number of abortions,
the evidence is clear. This is a question of whether we look at
programs in a comprehensive way or try to chop them in pieces and build
walls between them.
Do not do it. It is a mistake. There is no evidence of abuse. I do
not know any organization that cares about kids internationally that is
supporting this amendment.
Mr. PITTS. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself 30 seconds to respond.
Mr. Chairman, this discussion is not about birth spacing. However, I
have made an exception for breast feeding programs in this amendment,
an exception that probably was not necessary. But I want to make it
clear that since breast feeding programs are designed to improve
nutrition and health of children and incidentally have an effect in
birth spacing, these programs do not apply as programs designed to
control fertility or reduce or delay pregnancies. So children are given
proper nutrition and births are spaced as a by-product.
Just to remind my colleague, any other population control effort can
be funded out of the $385 million provided.

[[Page H6711]]

Mr. Chairman, I yield 1 minute to the gentleman from Kansas (Mr.
Tiahrt).
Mr. TIAHRT. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman from Pennsylvania for
yielding.
Mr. Chairman, the gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Pitts) has crafted
an amendment to protect child survival funding from being detoured to
other purposes.
This is not a misguided amendment. This is an amendment that provides
integrity to the program's funds. But why do we want to do this? Why do
we want to protect this? Every year more than 12 million children in
developing countries die from easily preventable diseases.
That is like seeing one out of two children under the age 5 years
here in the United States die from malnourishment or from a disease
that could be easily prevented.
For seven cents we can provide oral rehydration salts. For $15 we
could provide immunization for the six major childhood diseases. For
six cents we can provide Vitamin A capsules. For $15 we can do
something to help kids get a net to protect them from malaria.
When we have the opportunity to go to these Third World countries and
preserve a quality of life for these kids, we should not turn our backs
on it. We should not allow this money to be diverted to another
purpose.
I have been to Third World countries, and I have seen it be diverted.
I think it is important that we vote for the Pitts amendment. I request
my colleagues to do that.
Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself 3 minutes.
Mr. Chairman, I rise in opposition to the Pitts amendment.
The Pitts amendment, as has been mentioned, prohibits use of child
survival funding for programs designed to control ``fertility or reduce
or delay childbirth or pregnancy except breast feeding programs.''
This amendment is offered under the inaccurate assumption that the
child survival fund which is used to counsel women on health choices is
an inappropriate use of this funding.
It is time for people to realize the simple fact that we cannot
separate the health of the mother from the health and well being of the
child.
I have this chart. It is hard to read, but I will try to walk my
colleagues through it because it demonstrates very clearly why this is
a dangerous amendment.
While we may be talking politics here and theorizing, the reality is
in the Third World. It shows on this chart that in Zambia, for example,
when children are spaced 2 years apart, the mortality rate is higher
than if they are spaced farther apart.
Now, do not think of 2 years in the United States. Think of 2 years
in the developing world. Do not think of my children. I had five
children in 6 years, I mean almost to the day, in a very comfortable,
secure, nourishing atmosphere. But this is the complete opposite of
that. So I do know a little bit about of what I speak.
Then if we go to Tanzania, we see on the chart, 4 months the
mortality rate is the red line. Four to 5 months, we see the purple
line, the mortality rate goes down. We get to 48 months plus and the
mortality rate is much lower.
So these funds from the child survival account are very, very
important to child survival. That is what we are demonstrating here.
Now, the gentleman says this counseling can be done out of the
Population Fund. Exactly. And that is what this amendment is about,
reducing the funds available for population funding, family planning.
That is what this amendment is about. Yes, it is important.
My colleagues cannot tell me that they do not recognize the
importance of counseling on spacing of children and how that decreases
the mortality rate. But, yes, that is important. Take it out of the
family planning money.
That, my colleagues, is the essence of this amendment, indirect but
very, very direct. Indirect in theory but direct in impact assault on
the family planning funding.
For that reason, I urge my colleagues to vote against the Pitts
amendment.
Mr. Chairman, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. PITTS. Mr. Chairman, may I inquire as to how much time remains?
The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Pitts) has 4\1/2\
minutes remaining. The gentlewoman from California (Ms. Pelosi) has
3\1/2\ minutes remaining.
Mr. PITTS. Mr. Chairman, I yield 1\1/2\ minutes to the gentleman from
Oklahoma (Mr. Coburn).
Mr. COBURN. Mr. Chairman, the sign we just saw was accurate. There is
no question about it. But the one thing that the gentlewoman from
California fails to ignore, if we are holding a baby in our arms, like
I have in Haiti and in Iraq, and the dollars are not there to care for
them, it does not matter if they are going to have another baby because
the baby that is there is going to die.
That is what this amendment is really about is whether or not we are
going to fund the vaccines, the fluids, and the care for the children
that are already born.
She is absolutely right. If we can extend the time between
pregnancies, we do enhance the likelihood of living beyond 5. But
remember, 40 percent of the children in Haiti now die under 5 anyway.
Haiti, in our hemisphere, 40 percent are gone. Why? Because we are not
supplying the needs of those children with the funds that we have
today.
So I have been to Haiti. I have served time. I have experienced what
has happened there. I have been to the Kurdish land in northern Iraq. I
experienced what happened there. We do not supply the needs for the
children that are alive today.
There is nothing wrong with this amendment that cannot help
accomplish both what the gentlewoman from California (Ms. Pelosi) would
desire and help those children who presently we are not helping.
Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the
gentlewoman from New York (Mrs. Lowey).
Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Chairman, I would like to make this point to my
colleagues that our child survival program has for nearly 15 years
worked hand in hand with our family planning program, for one very good
reason, they both share the goal of advancing the health and well being
of children and families.
When Congress created the child survival legislation, it recognized
the relationship between educating women on safe motherhood and child
survival. So educating women about the importance of good nutrition,
getting immunized, spacing their pregnancies has been part of USAID
child survival work.
Safe motherhood education makes up approximately 5 percent of child
survival counseling funds. These funds are not used for contraceptives.
Planning pregnancies is one of the most powerful and effective child
survival tools in existence.
Postponing early, high-risk pregnancies, giving women's body a chance
to recover from a previous pregnancy, and helping women to avoid
unintended pregnancies and unsafe abortion can prevent at least one in
four maternal deaths.
We hear again and again that women die from having children too
young, having children too closely spaced together, and by having more
children than their bodies can bear. Getting that message across to
women is an integral part of child survival because healthier mothers
will be better able to care for their children. And children born to
mothers who wait 2 years before births have a much stronger chance of
survival than those born to moms whose births fall less than 2 years
apart.
Giving women this information can save children's lives, can save
women's lives. We know from our own experience that this is true.
Just last month I joined with the gentlewoman from Missouri (Mrs.
Emerson) and a group of diverse Members, pro-choice, pro-life,
Republican, Democrat, urban and rural, on a safe motherhood initiative
in our own country.
We confront the same challenges in keeping women healthy that women
face around the world, although not to the same degree.
Therefore, I urge my colleagues to oppose this misguided amendment.
We should be doing all we can to encourage and reinforce the messages
of safe motherhood and child survival. The Pitts Amendment would split
these efforts and undermine our struggles to help both mother and
child.

[[Page H6712]]

I urge you to oppose this misguided amendment.
Mr. PITTS. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
Mr. Chairman, the gentlewoman from California (Ms. Pelosi) has $385
million to do that. We are not cutting family planning.
Mr. Chairman, I yield 1 minute to the gentleman from South Carolina
(Mr. DeMint).
Mr. DeMINT. Mr. Chairman, I rise in strong support of the child
survival protection amendment.
After hearing the debate tonight, I wonder if maybe we should
integrate the whole foreign operations appropriation bill into family
planning.
I just have to say to my colleagues, we spend so much time on these
appropriations bills identifying needs in foreign countries and we put
them in the categories that are important to us as a Nation; and now we
are saying this does not matter what category we put it in.

{time} 2230

There are 1 million children that we know could be saved each year if
the vitamins and nutrition and the medicine and the IVs would only be
used for what we appropriate them for.
All we are asking is to do what we say we are going to do, to have
some honesty in the appropriations. I urge my colleagues to vote for
the gentleman from Pennsylvania's amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Pitts) has 2
minutes remaining, and the gentlewoman from California (Ms. Pelosi) has
1\1/2\ minutes remaining and the right to close.
Mr. PITTS. Mr. Chairman, I yield 30 seconds to the gentleman from
North Carolina (Mr. Hayes).
(Mr. HAYES asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. HAYES. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman from Pennsylvania for
offering this very important amendment which does direct the attention
at the needs of children, making sure that the born and the unborn
children are given the proper attention and the sanctity of life is
preserved.
I urge your support for the Pitts amendment. It is the right thing to
do.
Mr. Chairman, I support the child survival protection amendment
offered by Mr. Pitts. This amendment does not cost the taxpayers any
more money. This amendment assures the funding that we are currently
sending overseas is used to save children's lives rather than terminate
them. Children in third world countries are dying of diseases such as
polio and dysentery, diseases our children in the United States will
never have to worry about due to the advancesments in the American
health care. But in developing countries, where public health standards
are far inferior to ours, over 12 million children under the age of 5
die of these easily preventable diseases and malnutrition year. We are
currently sending $385 million overseas for population control. We need
to ensure these funds are used for the purposes which they were
intended, saving children from diseases and malnutrition. Child
Survival Funding provides oral re-hydration salts, immunization for
childhood diseases, and vitamins and nutrition supplements. I ask my
colleagues to support the Child Survival amendment, and stand firm for
the lives of children around the world.
Mr. PITTS. Mr. Chairman, I yield the balance of my time to the
gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Smith).
Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Chairman, every day 33,000 children die
from preventable causes. The gentleman from Alabama (Mr. Callahan) has
done hard work on this over the years. I have worked on this. The
gentlewoman from New York (Mrs. Lowey) just mentioned a moment ago, 15
years ago.
A little over 15 years ago, I joined with the gentleman from Ohio
(Mr. Hall) and Gus Yatron not only in providing money for child
survival, but in saving it. It was going to be zeroed out, and I
offered the amendment to put it at $50 million that passed and went on
to become law. But that is past.
We now know that there is so little money going to some of the most
important aspects of child survival, and we need to make sure that
there is a fire wall. Yes, money can be drawn down, the $385 million,
and used in a way that works side by side with child survival money,
but this very small amount of money--support for immunization, $25
million, that is all that is in this budget. Kids are dying from
preventable diseases every day and we put a mere $25 million into that
budget. That is outrageous. These kids are dying.
I would hope that we would at least make sure that from this scarce
fund, these what we call direct impact programs, get this modest amount
of money. Yes, it can work side by side with the family planning money,
but let us not use or divert any additional moneys that could be used
to immunize a kid from tetanus, from all of these preventable diseases,
and also the oral rehydration salts that can save a child from diarrhea
which is the leading killer of children around the world.
I think the gentleman from Pennsylvania has a very, very laudable
amendment. It says there are different funds. Why should we put at risk
this minimal amount of money, this modest amount of money used for
these important goals? We have got the other money in the other spigot
for family planning. I urge support for the Pitts amendment.
Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, completely agreeing with the gentleman from
New Jersey that much more money needs to be in this bill, I am pleased
to yield the balance of my time to the gentlewoman from Connecticut
(Mrs. Johnson).
Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentlewoman
from California for yielding me the time.
This is a sad moment. We are one of the most educated nations in the
world. We spent decades teaching American women that spacing your
children creates healthier babies and healthier mothers, enables you to
nurture your children and support them economically. And now we are
going to deny money to other countries where women and families are
poorer so that they will be denied the opportunity to learn how to
manage their fertility and space their children. It is an outrage, an
outrage.
We all know the figures. Children who are born 10 months after the
preceding sibling die far more often than children born 2 years apart.
Why do we not want women in these other nations to have the knowledge
to control their fertility and space their children? It has made
stronger, healthier families in America, and it has made better,
healthier children with greater opportunity.
I urge opposition to this amendment.
Mr. LEVIN. Mr. Chairman, will the gentlewoman yield?
Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut. I yield to the gentleman from Michigan.
Mr. LEVIN. The gentlewoman from Connecticut was so eloquent, I
hesitate to say anything. We fought to integrate family planning and
health programs with the support of a number of people in this place.
Now what you are doing is standing up and saying tear them apart. The
gentlewoman is 100 percent right. Let us defeat this amendment.
Mr. BARCIA. Mr. Chairman, I rise today in support of the amendment
offered by the gentleman from Pennsylvania, which will ensure the
health and security of children around the world. This amendment will
make certain that money designated for child survival in foreign
countries will be spent on programs that directly contribute to child
survival--not population control. In this day of medical technology,
millions of children in developing countries die each year from
diseases that simple treatments can easily prevent. Our money should be
spent on immunizations and medicine that will end these senseless
deaths. This amendment protects children and spends our tax dollars
responsibly. Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to support the Pitts
Amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. The question is on the amendment offered by the
gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Pitts).
The question was taken; and the Chairman announced that the noes
appeared to have it.
Mr. PITTS. Mr. Chairman, I demand a recorded vote.
The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to House Resolution 263, further proceedings
on the amendment offered by the gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Pitts)
will be postponed.

Amendments Offered by Mr. Traficant

Mr. TRAFICANT. Mr. Chairman, I offer two amendments, and I ask
unanimous consent that they be considered en bloc.
The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will designate and report the amendments.
The text of the amendment is as follows:

[[Page H6713]]

Amendment No. 2 offered by Mr. Traficant:
At the end of the bill, insert after the last section
(preceding the short title) the following new sections:
Sec.____. Of the funds appropriated in title II of this Act
under the heading ``Assistance for the Independent States of
the Former Soviet Union'', not more than $172,000,000 shall
be available for the Government of the Russian Federation.

The Clerk read as follows:

Amendment offered by Mr. Traficant:
Sec. ____. None of the funds appropriated in titles I, II,
or III of this Act may be made available to the government of
any foreign country if the funds are to be used to purchase
any equipment or product made in a country other than such
foreign country or the United States of America.

The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from
Ohio to consideration of the amendments en bloc?
There was no objection.
Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. TRAFICANT. I yield to the gentleman from Alabama.
Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, we have worked very closely with the
gentleman. We are going to agree with his amendments. But at this point
we would like to limit the debate to the fewest number of minutes that
we possibly can so we can hopefully finish this bill by 11:59 tonight.
Mr. TRAFICANT. Mr. Chairman, the first amendment sets a cap on aid to
Russia for dismantling of their nuclear weapons at $172 million.
The second amendment says very simply, in the aid that we give to
these foreign countries, if they cannot make the product or buy it in
their own country, they shall buy it in America.
The CHAIRMAN. The question is on the amendments offered by the
gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Traficant).
The amendments were agreed to.

Amendment Offered by Mr. Rohrabacher

Mr. ROHRABACHER. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment.
The Clerk read as follows:

Amendment offered by Mr. Rohrabacher:
Page 104, beginning on line 19, strike ``: Provided,'' and
all that follows through line 21 and insert a period.

Mr. ROHRABACHER. Mr. Chairman, I rise to amend section 573 of H.R.
2606 that would assure that all U.S. funds appropriated by this act for
Cambodia, including humanitarian and education programs, are
distributed through nongovernmental agencies.
The government of Cambodia, led by former Khmer Rouge field commander
Hen Sen, a brigade commander under Pol Pot, who was up to his elbows in
blood during the Pol Pot massacres, is notorious for corruption and
mismanagement. In fact, the most highly acclaimed internationally
funded aid program for land mine clearing, run by the Cambodian
government, has just been exposed for rampant graft and corruption.
Even after the corruption was exposed, no effort has been made to
replace the government officials running that program.
Respected international human rights organizations, including Amnesty
International, Human Rights Watch and others have issued a recent
report citing continued rampant abuses by the Cambodian government.
Unfortunately, the inclusion of Prince Ranariddh and his Funcinpec
party in a coalition led by Hun Sen has not reduced this corruption. It
is not the job of the United States Government to pay for government-
run education systems in Cambodia when they are led by a government
that is controlled by a member of Pol Pot's murderous band. However, we
can support NGOs who do not take orders from the likes of Hun Sen and
the likes of these gangsters.
In the authorization bill for this, we went out of our way to make
sure that the money authorized for Cambodia, all of it, would not be
put under the control of Hun Sen, this gangster. But for whatever
reason it ended up, the language was changed here in the appropriations
bill, so we are just asking to strike the language there so that no
money is going to be going to that corrupt and vicious tyrant.
My amendment will not reduce the amount of U.S. funding for Cambodia.
However, it will assure that U.S. tax dollars intended to assist the
needy of Cambodia and to assist in education projects go to fund
education projects by NGOs which will assure that the money is spent to
assist the Cambodian people and not end up in some Swiss bank account.
This amendment sends a strong message to Hun Sen and Prince Ranariddh
and a message that honest, efficient government is required in order to
receive American aid. This amendment also sends a strong message to the
people of Cambodia that the United States has not abandoned them or
their courageous struggle for democracy and clean and honest
government.
Mr. Chairman, I have been to Cambodia numerous times. I know the
players there. I have met Mr. Hun Sen on many occasions as I have
Prince Ranariddh and the other leaders in Cambodia. I am appalled that
after the hard work that we did in the authorization committee, to
ensure the language so that this field commander for Pol Pot who has
murdered his way into power in Cambodia, that we assure that the money
that we are going to give to Cambodia would not end up in his hands and
now that language has been changed for whatever reason in a way that
the money could end up, instead of in the hands of worthy
organizations, nongovernmental organizations, charitable organizations
committed to the people of Cambodia, instead of going to them, it may
end up in the hands of this government that has proven itself corrupt
over and over again, not to mention brutal and the rest.
The crimes of Hun Sen are unbelievable and the fact that, yes, he
went through a recent election. As the gentleman from Nebraska (Mr.
Bereuter) and others in the Committee on International Relations can
testify, it is beyond belief that we have permitted Hun Sen to
manipulate the system such that he is still in power after all of these
years. But the last thing we want to do, especially as the corruption
level in Cambodia is so high, is to provide the money that should be
going to the Cambodian people to this corrupt regime. I ask for support
for my amendment.
Mr. HALL of Ohio. Mr. Chairman, I rise in opposition to the
amendment.
Mr. Chairman, I visited Cambodia in April. I spent a lot of time not
only in the capital but outside in the rural areas. I found that the
legacy of illiteracy and malnutrition that Pol Pot has left the
Cambodian people is still there, it is so much there that it is
unbelievable, of the statistics, as you see and witness the people in
the countryside.
In Cambodia's countryside, four out of five people cannot read or
write. Just one in four children is in school. And hunger and
malnutrition, caused in part because their uneducated parents cannot
escape terrible poverty, is among the highest in the world.
This widespread lack of education ensures that Cambodians will not be
able to make much of their lives. They will not be able to feed their
families. They will not be able to take advantage of their country's
position at the crossroads of a vibrant regional economy.
Cambodia has many problems. But when you see the situation of its
people, it is hard to know where to start trying to help.
The scourge of AIDS is spreading like wildfire in Cambodia. Land
mines have left Cambodia the place with more people killed and maimed
per capita than anywhere else in the world. There are very few roads to
get farmers' products to market. And, 20 years after the Khmer Rouge
bloody rein ended, there has been no justice for its victims or their
children.

{time} 2245

The grandchildren of the victims of the Khmer Rouge are the best hope
for Cambodia's future, and the best way to help Cambodia is with them,
by assisting and educating them, by ensuring that they are protected
from disease, by helping to feed the majority who are so malnourished
that their bodies are stunted.
This bill does not earmark additional funding for Cambodia, although
the drop from $37 million to $12 million in spending over the past 2
years may have warranted that. But this bill will enable our embassy to
re-start programs like one undertaken by well-respected American
charities. In April 1996, more than a year before the coup, the World
Learning, the World Education, Save The Children and the International
Rescue Committee began a project to train Cambodian primary

[[Page H6714]]

school teachers. This is where the money goes. Does not go to the
government, does not go through the government. This project received
no funds from the Cambodian government, it did not rely on its
ministries to implement the work. It benefited the children of Cambodia
and the rural areas that are home to 87 percent of the Cambodian
people. Unfortunately, this project was suspended.
Mr. Chairman, all that is required of us today is to affirm that
humanitarian aid still means educating young children so that they can
escape the poverty they were born into, and all that is called for is
our acceptance that helping people help themselves is one of the best
ways to invest our aid dollars.
That is all I have to say about this, Mr. Chairman. I rise certainly
in opposition to this amendment. It is an unfair amendment. I venture
to say that the gentleman has not gone into the countryside and seen
that four out of five of the children are not educated, the schools
have been closed, and one of the best things that we can do is provide
humanitarian assistance.
Mr. ROHRABACHER. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. HALL of Ohio. I yield to the gentleman from California.
Mr. ROHRABACHER. Mr. Chairman, the gentleman does not know the extent
of my travels in Cambodia, I will just say that, and this gentleman has
no problem with money going to those private organizations to
accomplish the goals the gentleman was talking about. All we are
talking about is language that is changed in this bill that will send
that money to the Cambodian government to accomplish those ends, and we
have no faith in the Cambodian government.
Mr. HALL of Ohio. Mr. Chairman, I would just say to the gentleman
from California (Mr. Rohrabacher) that the money will go to the private
voluntary organizations, the organizations that are already there. It
will be monitored by our embassy that is in Cambodia; I trust them. We
do basic education in many countries of the world with regimes that we
do not necessarily get along with. This is nothing new. The fact is
that four out of the five children that the gentleman from California
says that he saw in the rural areas, which I find hard to believe that
he saw it, schools are closed, the Pol Pot legacy still lives on, and
the gentleman wants to keep them this way, and that is what basic
education is all about. It is a humanitarian resource that we are very
good at, and the gentleman from California is not permitting it with
this amendment.
Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the last word and rise
in support of the amendment offered by the gentleman from California
(Mr. Rohrabacher).
(Mr. BEREUTER asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Chairman, I rise in strong support of the
Rohrabacher amendment, and I am pleased to support it.
As my colleagues know, as I was listening to the gentleman from Ohio
(Mr. Hall), he spoke movingly about the conditions in Cambodia, and I
have no doubt that he and the gentleman from California have both seen
the same deplorable conditions that exist there, but there seems to be
something missing here. It seems we are talking beyond each other.
There is no intent of the gentleman from California, I am sure, there
is no intent of this gentleman to stop any funds from going to assist
the people in Cambodia. In fact, I think the three of us might agree we
ought to be giving more resources to help the people in Cambodia.
What the gentleman from California is attempting to do is assure that
no U.S. taxpayers funds goes to the government of Cambodia, and that is
what this Congress did last year in the appropriation measure, because
this gentleman offered the amendment. We eliminated the possibility of
money going to the Cambodian government. We want it to go through those
NGOs where my colleagues saw the good work being done, and there is
nothing to keep AID or any other institution of American government
from providing authorized funds which are appropriated to
nongovernmental organizations for valid purposes in Cambodia. And in
fact, the authorizing committee has taken this step as well.
Now I would like to say the gentleman from California (Mr.
Rohrabacher) is exactly right in the way he has characterized the
outrageous people that run that government. We ought not be putting one
cent of the taxpayers' money into that government. When we do, we send
exactly the wrong message, that we tolerate the kind of murderous
people that are running that country. That is something I tell my
colleagues as the chairman of the Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific
this government ought not do, and that is the direction we have given
to the Executive Branch.
Now let me give my colleagues one example of how the government of
Cambodia is using some of the funds today. Let us talk about the
Cambodian Mine Action Center. About one out of every 250 people in
Cambodia have been injured or killed by mines, and it is a serious
problem, there is no doubt about that.
Well, according to reports in the Australian, the newspaper, one of
the most prestigious newspapers in Australia, according to the South
China Morning Post, the most important newspaper in Hong Kong, the
nepotism, the corruption that has existed in this mining program where
the leaders of that government are directing funds to go to demine the
land of their cronies, of their political people from the Pol Pot
regime is outrageous. Of the $12 million that are spent so far, at
least 1 million, 1.3 million, has been spent corruptly. In fact, the
executive director of that agency admitted in a press release that at
least a half a million dollars of it had been spent in that fashion.
And we have colleagues in the most prestigious academic institutions
in this country with specialists on Cambodia which will verify that a
minimum of one-tenth of the money on that government-run program to
demine is being misused for the advantage of the cronies of the
government.
Now that is the way the Cambodian government uses their money. That
is the way they take the international funds. Fortunately, it is not
involving U.S. funds because we have acted.
Now both of these newspapers have reported that we have held up $1
million. Our ambassador in Phnom Penh held up $1 million plus to keep
it from going to this corrupt entity of the Cambodian government.
Mr. Chairman, my colleague's instincts were right last Congress, they
are right in the authorizing committee. We stripped, eliminate,
prohibit any funds from going to Cambodian government, and, if my
colleagues will, send a lot more to help the people of Cambodia through
NGOs.
Mr. Chairman, I yield to the gentleman from New York (Mr. Gilman).
Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Chairman, I rise in support of the gentleman's
comments. They are right on the point, and I also rise in support of
the gentleman from California (Mr. Rohrabacher) in trying to prevent
any of the funds in this measure to go to the government of Cambodia,
and I think, if the gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Hall) will re-read the
measure, he will note that the language permits funding in this measure
to go to the government of Cambodia. We want it to go to the NGOs, we
want to help the people in Cambodia, but we do not want it to get into
the wrong hands.
Prime Minister Hun Sen is a dictator who was once an active member of
the Khmer Rouge and it is alleged he stole the election in Cambodia. He
is also alleged to have been linked to a recent assassination attempt
against the democratic opposition leader Sam Rainsy. Eighteen people
and an IRI worker were injured and killed in that recent attempt, and
last year during the election 124 opposition election workers were
murdered.
The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Nebraska (Mr. Bereuter)
has expired.
(By unanimous consent, Mr. Bereuter was allowed to proceed for 1
additional minute.)
Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Chairman, I yield to the gentleman from New York
(Mr. Gilman).
Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Chairman, Hun Sen's government cannot be trusted, we
must not permit our money to be wasted. Current law permits the money
to be given to the NGOs in Cambodia. Let us not change the law and
allow the money to go into the wrong hands.

[[Page H6715]]

Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Chairman, I thank the distinguished gentleman for
his support for the Rohrabacher amendment. I urge my colleagues to
support the Rohrabacher amendment to prohibit aid from going to the
corrupt murderous government of Cambodia.
The CHAIRMAN. The question is on the amendment offered by the
gentleman from California (Mr. Rohrabacher).
The amendment was agreed to.

Amendment No. 6 Offered by Mr. Andrews

Mr. ANDREWS. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will designate the amendment.
The text of the amendment is as follows:

Amendment No. 6 offered by Mr. Andrews: Page 116, after
line 5, insert the following:

PROHIBITION ON FUNDS FOR NEW OPIC PROJECTS

Sec. 585. None of the funds made available by this Act may
be used by the Overseas Private Investment Corporation, after
the enactment of this Act, for the issuance of any new
guarantee, insurance, reinsurance, or financing, or for
initiating any other activity which the Corporation is
otherwise authorized to undertake.

Mr. ANDREWS. Mr. Chairman, the purpose of this amendment is to put a
stop to a program that I believe is corporate welfare, pure and simple.
We have heard on this floor tonight some agonizing debates about
spending small amounts of money for vaccinations, for child health, for
family planning, and those are difficult questions for us to answer.
I would suspend if the Chair wishes me to suspend.
Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I want to reserve a point of order.
The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from New Jersey may proceed.
Mr. ANDREWS. Mr. Chairman, who among us has not had to face some
agonizing and difficult questions as constituents come to us and talk
about their lack of health insurance, or they talk about their lack of
employment, or they talk about their lack of housing. I think those
same constituents would be astonished, astonished to find that the full
faith and credit of the United States Government, their tax money,
stands behind private investments in foreign countries by the McDonalds
Corporation, by Du Pont, by CitiCorp, by some of the largest and most
powerful corporations in America.
The President of the United States, Mr. Chairman, said very
articulately a few years ago that it was his goal to end welfare as we
know it. Tonight in this amendment we have the chance to begin the
process of ending corporate welfare as we know it.
Now there will be those who will object to this amendment and say we
just cannot pull the plug on the OPIC program all at once, it would
cause chaos, and that is not what this amendment does. This amendment
says that no funds under this bill may be used to authorize new
expenditures, new loan guarantees, new insurance policies. It says to
OPIC that they must stop with the deals they have already done.
And let me make a procedural point. My colleagues very often hear
that these appropriations bills are not the proper forum to decide
policy questions, and I generally agree with that. Let me point out to
my colleagues that OPIC was not reauthorized through the regular
process, and I believe it is a prudent thing for us to do to stop the
activities of this corporate welfare agency in its tracks and permit an
authorizing bill to come to this floor so that those of us who believe
that the OPIC program should be organized in a different way or done
away with, as I believe, would have the opportunity to fully debate
that question.
Mr. Chairman, this is an opportunity for us to say that the programs
that have been done thus far should continue as they wind down, but
that no new loans, no new guarantees, no new authority should be issued
on behalf of the taxpayers of this country to the wealthiest and most
powerful corporations in this country to invest overseas. There are far
better uses of our tax dollars than for Uncle Sam to become a risky
international venture capitalist.
Support of this amendment which I am proud to offer with my
Republican colleague, the gentleman from South Carolina (Mr. Sanford),
my independent colleague, the gentleman from Vermont (Mr. Sanders) and
supported by fine Members like the gentleman from California (Mr.
Royce) would accomplish what I have just suggested.
It would stop the programs of OPIC in their tracks. It would permit
us to come forward and debate a reauthorization at the proper time, and
it would save the taxpayers money. The Congressional Budget Office has
estimated that cessation of OPIC's activities would save the Federal
taxpayers $296 million over the course of the first 5 years.
Let us end corporate welfare as we know it. I urge my colleagues to
support this amendment and put a stop to this corporate welfare.

{time} 2300

Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I continue to reserve my point of order.
The CHAIRMAN. The Chair would inform the gentleman that the gentleman
attempted to reserve a point of order after the gentleman from New
Jersey began to debate his amendment, which was not a timely
reservation.
Mr. ROYCE. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the last word.
Mr. Chairman, I rise in support of this amendment. OPIC, as we have
heard, offers insurance and credit services to American companies
operating overseas, and for me, having our government provide these
services is just not defensible. The U.S. has the most efficient
financial markets in the world. The simple fact is that American
businesses receiving OPIC services could receive these same services
from the private financial markets. OPIC provides insurance; so does
the American private sector. In fact, 2 years ago, a consortium of
private insurers submitted to Congress a proposal to privatize 5
billion of OPIC's insurance options.
The U.S. private sector wants to offer American businesses the very
same services that OPIC is providing. In other words, the U.S. private
sector wants to put OPIC out of business. So why is Congress standing
in the way?
We hear that OPIC offers American companies insurance backed with the
full faith and credit of the United States Government. This supposedly
tells foreign governments that Uncle Sam is serious about protecting
OPIC-backed investments. Is that the signal we want to send, that the
protection of some American businesses abroad, those formerly backed by
OPIC, matter more than non-OPIC American investments. We should be in
the business of protecting all American investments. OPIC backs
investment funds; so does the American private sector. OPIC has a south
Asia capital fund. Well, so does T. Rowe Price. It has a new Asia fund,
and so do many other private companies. Just look at the financial
pages of the newspaper. There are hundreds of capital funds devoted to
the developing world. Mr. Chairman, 150 billion in private capital
flows to emerging markets every year, so why in the world is OPIC
playing in the capital fund field?
Mr. Chairman, this debate is really about whether we believe in the
market, or whether we believe that American businesses should be guided
by the government. OPIC claims that there is no way right now that the
private sector on its own can go into many regions that the U.S. wants
them to go into, and this means, of course, going where U.S. Government
agencies want American companies to go. Are U.S. businesses really
there to be directed to where Washington wants them to go? I do not
think so.
I would also dispute the notion that the American private sector will
not go anywhere in the world where it can do business profitably. A
spokesman for a major American bank, in discussing its use of OPIC for
the Caribbean and Central America recently stated, quote, the credit
and insurance support provided by OPIC will allow us to better serve
customers by noticeably increasing our already extensive lending
activities in the targeted countries. Note those words. The bank is
already in the Caribbean and Central American markets doing excessive
lending and doing it without OPIC. OPIC may be a nicety, but it is
certainly not a necessity.
Every year, we hear the argument that the U.S. needs OPIC because
European countries and Japan provide their businesses with similar
services. It is, I would remind my colleagues, U.S. policy to work
against such trade-distorting policies.

[[Page H6716]]

We have come to understand that the world economy works better, that
living standards rise, when governments are not in the business of
subsidizing their national businesses. But each year, we continue
supporting OPIC, renewing this cycle of inefficiency. American
companies have private creditors and insurance providers to rely on. I
bet they would serve OPIC clients better.
Let us support this amendment. Show some world leadership, scale back
OPIC. The greatest economy in the history of the world I guarantee my
colleagues will not miss a beat if we cut out this government program.
Mr. KUCINICH. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the requisite number of
words.
Mr. Chairman, I rise in support of the Andrews-Sanford-Sanders
amendment to the Foreign Operations Appropriations bill. OPIC
subsidizes U.S. companies that invest in risky foreign markets and
businesses by providing them direct and low-cost financing and
insurance. While claiming to help America's small businesses invest in
foreign markets, OPIC actually provides loans and risk insurance to
some of the largest multinational corporations in the world. And while
claiming to invest in sustainable development projects, OPIC has been
involved in clear-cutting pristine forests in northwestern Russia, and
a gold mine, a gold mine in a World Heritage site.
Through OPIC, U.S. taxpayers are exposed to environmentally,
financially, and politically risky private sector investments, the
implications of which, in many cases, are not even disclosed to the
public.
The government should not be in the business of committing billions
of taxpayer dollars to underwrite the investments of Fortune 500
companies. This is corporate welfare at its worst.
As has been said earlier, OPIC puts taxpayers at risk. It obligates
the taxpayer to underwrite insurance for the possible loss of private
investment by the richest companies in America. The Congressional
Research Service estimates that the taxpayer is typically liable for 90
percent of the insured investment. Americans have already paid $80
billion to bail out the savings and loan industry; we should not ask
them to pay if OPIC's projects go bad.
These multimillion dollar companies are fully capable of assuming the
risk of investing in developing countries. They do not need government
insurance of their foreign investments, but the substantial profits
they gain from these investments, while American taxpayers are held
financially responsible for any potential losses, looks pretty good on
the bottom line.
OPIC is not necessary for investments in emerging and developing
markets. In 1998, private capital flows to emerging markets topped $150
billion. U.S. capital outflows to Brazil in 1998 totaled $3.7 billion,
yet OPIC offered $317 million worth of insurance to U.S. companies
investing in Brazil over the same period.
It has been pointed out by the gentleman from South Carolina (Mr.
Sanford) and the gentleman from Oklahoma (Mr. Coburn), and I would like
to state it again: OPIC does not operate at zero cost to the taxpayers.
Although OPIC does not receive a direct appropriation, it pays for many
of its operations with the interest earned on its U.S. Treasury bonds,
bonds given to OPIC as seed money when it was established. In 1998, the
agency reported $139 million in net income; yet, $193 million of its
revenues consisted on interest from its U.S. Treasury bonds, another
large government IOU.
Mr. Chairman, I urge my colleagues to support the Andrews-Sanford-
Sanders amendment and prevent OPIC from initiating any new projects.
Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Chairman, I move that the Committee do now rise.

Parliamentary Inquiry

Mr. SANDERS. Mr. Chairman, I have a parliamentary inquiry.
The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman will state it.
Mr. SANDERS. Mr. Chairman, what is the status of this amendment?
The CHAIRMAN. The amendment offered by the gentleman from New Jersey
(Mr. Andrews) is currently pending and will be pending again when the
Committee resumes its sitting.
The motion was agreed to.
Accordingly, the Committee rose; and the Speaker pro tempore (Mr.
LaHood) having assumed the chair, Mr. Thornberry, Chairman of the
Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union, reported that
that Committee, having had under consideration the bill (H.R. 2606),
making appropriations for foreign operations, export financing, and
related programs for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2000, and for
other purposes, had come to no resolution thereon.

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