[Congressional Bills 117th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H. Res. 1432 Introduced in House (IH)]
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117th CONGRESS
2d Session
H. RES. 1432
Recognizing the significant human rights activism and baseball stardom
legacy of Roberto Clemente, and calling on Major League Baseball to
retire the number 21 in honor of his legendary life and career.
_______________________________________________________________________
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
October 14, 2022
Mr. Espaillat (for himself, Ms. Clarke of New York, Ms. Dean, Ms. Lee
of California, Mr. Connolly, Mr. Carson, Ms. Barragan, Mr. Evans, Mrs.
Cherfilus-McCormick, Mr. Grijalva, Mr. Michael F. Doyle of
Pennsylvania, Mr. Torres of New York, Mr. Danny K. Davis of Illinois,
Mr. Cohen, and Mrs. Hayes) submitted the following resolution; which
was referred to the Committee on Oversight and Reform
_______________________________________________________________________
RESOLUTION
Recognizing the significant human rights activism and baseball stardom
legacy of Roberto Clemente, and calling on Major League Baseball to
retire the number 21 in honor of his legendary life and career.
Whereas Roberto Clemente Walker was born on August 18, 1934, to Don Melchor
Clemente and Luisa Walker in Barrio San Anton, Carolina, Puerto Rico, as
the youngest of 7 children;
Whereas his mother, Luisa, was a laundress and his father, Don Melchor, was a
sugarcane plantation worker;
Whereas Clemente's professional idol was Monte Irvin, a pioneering Black left
fielder and first baseman who played winter ball in Puerto Rico, playing
for the San Juan Senators;
Whereas Clemente excelled in athletics as a youngster, and at the age of 17 was
playing for the Santurce Cangrejeros ``Crabbers'' of the Puerto Rican
Baseball League;
Whereas, in 1952, at the ripe age of 18, the Dodgers signed Clemente to their
Triple-A minor league team, the Montreal Royals, in Montreal for a
season;
Whereas, in 1954, the Pittsburgh Pirates selected Clemente in the first round of
the Major League Baseball Rule 5 draft;
Whereas Pirates center fielder Earl Smith wore jersey number 21 until he parted
ways with the team in April 1955, and Clemente wore number 13 until
then;
Whereas, in 1955, Clemente made his Major League debut as he went on to play for
the Pittsburgh Pirates starting as a right fielder;
Whereas when the team traveled to Richmond, Virginia, for games or Florida for
spring training, Clemente encountered Jim Crow laws for the first time
when the Black players had to stay at a separate inferior hotel and were
refused the option to dine with their White counterparts;
Whereas it is known that during one of his first games, Clemente protested
angrily when fans yelled racial insults at one of his teammates;
Whereas Clemente was treated like a foreigner, disparaged for his Spanish
language, and discriminated against for his skin color;
Whereas it is reported that many people mocked Clemente's heavy Latin accent,
quoting him with phonetic spelling rather than merely reporting what he
said;
Whereas Clemente insisted on being called ``Roberto'' in an effort to combat
oppression and forced American assimilation by reporters and other
members of the public who repeatedly referred to him as ``Bob'';
Whereas Clemente was known for being a proud Afro-Latino and protested the
discrimination that Latin and Black ball players encountered;
Whereas Clemente was known for defending the rights of Black and Brown people,
both on the field and in the streets;
Whereas, after the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr., in 1968, Clemente
and his teammates refused to play until after the funerals and even
wrote a public statement showing their respect for Dr. King;
Whereas Clemente became a union leader in the incipient Major League Baseball
Players Association and defended players' rights to demand better
working conditions and benefits;
Whereas in every city where the Pirates played, Clemente visited sick children
in hospitals;
Whereas Clemente put his heart and soul into training clinics, providing
baseball lessons and fun for boys and girls in Pittsburgh, his home
island of Puerto Rico, and throughout Latin America;
Whereas, while participating in one such clinic in Nicaragua, he developed a
particularly close bond with the youth in that Central American country;
Whereas, in 1958, Clemente enlisted in the United States Marine Corps Reserve
after the 1958 season and spent six months on active duty at Parris
Island, South Carolina, and Camp LeJeune, North Carolina;
Whereas Clemente served until 1964 and was inducted into the Marine Corps Sports
Hall of Fame in 2003;
Whereas, in 1960, Clemente hit his stride, batting .314 with 16 home runs and 94
RBIs to earn his first All-Star berth and help the Pirates upset the
Yankees in the World Series;
Whereas, the following year, Clemente led the National League with a .351
average, slugged 23 homers, and won his first of 12 consecutive Gold
Glove Awards for defensive excellence;
Whereas Clemente was the first pan-Caribbean and first Latin American superstar
in Major League Baseball;
Whereas, in 1966, which many deem as his finest season, Clemente was voted the
National League MVP with a career-best 29 homers and 119 RBIs;
Whereas, on September 1, 1971, Clemente batted third in a lineup of players
that, for the first time in history, consisted entirely of Black,
Indigenous, or other People of Color (BIPOC) players;
Whereas Clemente was selected to be the 1971 World Series MVP, and during this
series he batted .414 with two home runs to help Pittsburgh defeat the
favored Baltimore Orioles;
Whereas in giving an interview after winning the 1971 World Series, Clemente
became the first person to speak Spanish on a nationally televised
American broadcast;
Whereas, throughout the 1960s, Clemente wore his iconic ``21'' jersey number and
dominated the game of baseball, forever inscribing the number 21 into
baseball history;
Whereas for Carribenos, Pittsburgh residents, baseball fans, and athletes,
especially those from BIPOC communities, the number ``21'' on the back
of a T-shirt symbolizes the imprint Roberto Clemente left on and off the
field;
Whereas Clemente was the 11th Major League player to record 3,000 hits;
Whereas, by the end of his career, Clemente had joined the exclusive 3,000-hit
club, was selected to 15 All-Star teams, and won 12 Gold Gloves, 2 World
Series, and a National League MVP award;
Whereas in Clemente's 18 seasons with Pittsburgh he won 4 batting titles, hit
240 home runs, and posted a lifetime .317 batting average;
Whereas, in late 1972, a 6.3 magnitude earthquake ravaged Managua, Nicaragua,
and killed 5,000 people;
Whereas, in his philanthropic spirit, Clemente sent shipments of humanitarian
aid to the country;
Whereas after learning that 3 previous shipments had been diverted by corrupt
Somoza Government officials, Clemente decided to accompany one of the
aid shipments;
Whereas the four-engine DC-7 plane Clemente chartered for a flight on New Year's
Eve crashed in the Atlantic Ocean immediately after takeoff from the
coast of Isla Verde, Puerto Rico;
Whereas, on December 31, 1972, Clemente died in the plane crash at the age of 38
years young;
Whereas, since 1973, Major League Baseball gives out the Roberto Clemente Award
to one player in the league who ``best exemplifies the game of baseball,
sportsmanship, community involvement and the individual's contribution
to his team'';
Whereas, in 2002, Major League Baseball declared the first annual Roberto
Clemente Day;
Whereas, in 2021, Major League Baseball announced September 15 would be the
permanent date of Roberto Clemente Day to coincide with the beginning of
Hispanic Heritage month;
Whereas, on Roberto Clemente Day 2022, the Tampa Bay Rays put out a lineup of
all Latin American players for the first time in history;
Whereas Clemente's tragic death left behind his wife, Vera, and three young
sons, Roberto, Jr., Luis Roberto, and Roberto Enrique; and
Whereas Clemente was a legend in life and death, a baseball star, a humanitarian
activist, and a symbol of Latin American pride: Now, therefore, be it
Resolved, That the House of Representatives--
(1) recognizes that Roberto Clemente was the first Latino
player to accomplish many feats in Major League Baseball;
(2) recognizes that Roberto Clemente was the first Puerto
Rican, and first person of Latino heritage, to win a World
Series as a starter, be named league MVP, be named World Series
MVP, and be elected to the Hall of Fame;
(3) recognizes that 2 weeks after his death, Clemente was
posthumously elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame in
1973, being the first National League baseball player to
receive the mandatory 5-year waiting period waiver; and
(4) urges Major League Baseball to retire the number 21 in
honor of the life and legacy of Roberto Clemente.
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