[Congressional Bills 118th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 9497 Introduced in House (IH)]
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118th CONGRESS
2d Session
H. R. 9497
To amend the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 to
establish a center on artificial intelligence to ensure continued
United States leadership in research, development, and evaluation of
the robustness, resilience, and safety of artificial intelligence
systems, and for other purposes.
_______________________________________________________________________
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
September 9, 2024
Mr. Obernolte (for himself, Mr. Lieu, Mr. Lucas, and Ms. Lofgren)
introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on
Science, Space, and Technology
_______________________________________________________________________
A BILL
To amend the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 to
establish a center on artificial intelligence to ensure continued
United States leadership in research, development, and evaluation of
the robustness, resilience, and safety of artificial intelligence
systems, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ``AI Advancement and Reliability Act
of 2024''.
SEC. 2. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ADVANCEMENT AND RELIABILITY.
(a) In General.--Section 5002 of the National Artificial
Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 (15 U.S.C. 9401; as enacted as part
of division E of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021; Public Law 116-283) is
amended--
(1) by redesignating paragraphs (4), (5), (6), (7), (8),
(9), (10), and (11) as paragraphs (6), (8), (9), (10), (11),
(12), (13), and (14), respectively;
(2) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following new
paragraphs:
``(4) Artificial intelligence red teaming.--The term
`artificial intelligence red teaming' means a structured
testing in a controlled environment simulating real-world
conditions, using adversarial methods to find flaws and
vulnerabilities in an artificial intelligence system and
identify risks, flaws, and vulnerabilities of artificial
intelligence systems, such as harmful outputs from such system,
unforeseen or undesirable system behaviors, limitations, and
potential risks associated with the misuse of such system.
``(5) Artificial intelligence system.--The term `artificial
intelligence system' has the meaning given such term in section
7223 of the Advancing American AI Act (40 U.S.C. 11301 note; as
enacted as part of title LXXII of division G of the James M.
Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023;
Public Law 117-263).''; and
(3) by inserting after paragraph (6), as so redesignated,
the following new paragraph:
``(7) Federal laboratory.--The term `Federal laboratory'
has the meaning given such term in section 4 of the Stevenson-
Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3703).''.
(b) Center for AI Advancement and Reliability.--Title LIII of
division E of the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of
2020 (15 U.S.C. 9401 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the
following new section:
``SEC. 5304. CENTER FOR AI ADVANCEMENT AND RELIABILITY.
``(a) Establishment.--
``(1) In general.--Subject to the availability of
appropriations, the Under Secretary of Commerce for Standards
and Technology (in this section referred to as the `Under
Secretary') shall establish a center on artificial
intelligence, to be known as the `Center for AI Advancement and
Reliability' (in this section referred to as the `Center'), to
ensure continued United States leadership in research,
development, and evaluation of the reliability, robustness,
resilience, security, and safety of artificial intelligence
systems.
``(2) Purposes.--The purposes of the Center are as follows:
``(A) To advance the measurement science for
artificial intelligence reliability, robustness,
resilience, security, and safety.
``(B) To support the National Institute of
Standards and Technology laboratories as such
laboratories carry out artificial intelligence
activities related to robustness, resilience, and
safety described in section 22A of the National
Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C.
278h-1).
``(C) To collaborate with the private sector,
standards development organizations, civil society, and
Federal agencies in supporting the development of
voluntary best practices and technical standards for
evaluating the reliability, robustness, resilience,
security, and safety of artificial intelligence
systems.
``(D) To increase the understanding of State,
local, and Tribal governments, institutions of higher
education, private sector entities, and the public of
artificial intelligence reliability, robustness,
resilience, security, and safety-related challenges and
remediations.
``(3) Director.--The Under Secretary or appropriate
designee shall serve as the Director of the Center.
``(4) Consultation and coordination.--In establishing the
Center, the Under Secretary shall--
``(A) coordinate with--
``(i) the Director of the National Science
Foundation;
``(ii) the Director of the Office of
Science and Technology Policy;
``(iii) the Secretary of Energy;
``(iv) the Secretary of Defense; and
``(v) the Secretary of Homeland Security;
and
``(B) consult with the heads of such other Federal
agencies as the Under Secretary considers appropriate.
``(5) Activities.--The activities of the Center, which the
Center may include the following:
``(A) Conducting evaluations and benchmarking of
the capabilities and limitations of artificial
intelligence over time.
``(B) Conducting measurement research to inform the
development of recommended best practices, benchmarks,
methodologies, procedures, voluntary consensus-based
technical standards, and other resources for the
evaluation and assurance of reliable, robust,
resilient, secure, and safe artificial intelligence
systems and reduce the risk of the misuse of such
systems, including relating to the following:
``(i) Common definitions and
characterizations for aspects of artificial
intelligence safety, security, and robustness
and the measurement of such that are applicable
across many sectors and use cases.
``(ii) The reliability, robustness,
resilience, security, and safety of artificial
intelligence systems and use cases, including
the ability for such systems to withstand
unexpected inputs and adversarial attacks.
``(iii) Testing, evaluation, validation,
and verification methods for risk management,
including measurement and assurance for
accuracy, transparency, reliability, security,
verifiability, and safety throughout the
lifecycle of artificial intelligence systems,
including artificial intelligence red teaming.
``(iv) Reference use cases for artificial
intelligence systems and criteria for assessing
safety risk in each such use case.
``(C) Providing to relevant Federal agencies and
National Institute of Standards and Technology
laboratories, as appropriate, input and support for
artificial intelligence risk management regarding
reliability, robustness, resilience, security, and
safety-related topics.
``(D) Engaging with, or supporting the engagement
of the United States Government with, international
standards organizations, multilateral organizations,
and organizations and topically relevant bodies among
allies and partners to support international
collaborations on activities described in this
paragraph.
``(E) As appropriate, and in coordination with
ongoing National Institute of Standards and Technology
activities, coordinating Federal research, development,
demonstration, and standards engagement related to
artificial intelligence reliability, robustness,
resilience, security, and safety.
``(6) Requirements.--In carrying out the activities
described in paragraph (6), the Under Secretary shall carry out
the following:
``(A) Support research that assesses and mitigates
artificial intelligence reliability, robustness,
resilience, security, and safety risks across several
timescales, including demonstrable safety risks that
arise from the use and misuse of artificial
intelligence systems.
``(B) Assess scenarios in which artificial
intelligence systems could be deployed to create risks
for economic or national security.
``(C) Leverage computing resources, access to open
datasets, open source software, and other resources
from industry, government, nonprofit organizations,
Federal laboratories, and institutions of higher
education to advance the mission of the Center, as
appropriate.
``(D) Leverage existing Federal investments to
advance the mission of the Center.
``(E) Avoid unnecessary duplication with National
Institute of Standards and Technology laboratory
activities authorized under section 22A of the National
Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C.
278h-1).
``(7) Report.--For each fiscal year beginning with fiscal
year 2026, not later than 90 days after the submission of the
President's annual budget request for such fiscal year in
accordance with section 1105 of title 31, United States Code,
the Under Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science,
Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the
Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the
Senate a report that includes the following:
``(A) A summarized budget in support of the Center
for such fiscal year and the preceding fiscal year.
``(B) A description of the goals, priorities, and
metrics for guiding and evaluating the activities of
the Center.
``(b) Establishment of Consortium.--
``(1) In general.--The Under Secretary shall establish a
consortium (in this section referred to as the `Consortium') of
stakeholders from academic or research communities, Federal
laboratories, private industry, and civil society in matters
relating to artificial intelligence reliability, robustness,
resilience, security, and safety to support--
``(A) the Center in carrying out the activities
specified in subsection (a)(6); and
``(B) the National Institute of Standards and
Technology in carrying out section 22A of the National
Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C.
278h-1).
``(2) Goals.--In addition to supporting the Center in
carrying out activities under subsection (a)(6), the goals of
the Consortium are the following:
``(A) To evaluate the needs of stakeholders,
including industry and civil society.
``(B) To identify where gaps remain in the
activities of the Center, including relating to
measurement research and support for standards
development, and provide recommendations to the Center
on how to address such gaps.
``(3) Report.--Not later than two years after the date of
the enactment of this section, the Under Secretary shall submit
to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House
of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
Transportation of the Senate a report summarizing the
contributions of the members of the Consortium in support the
efforts of the Center.
``(c) Scientific Integrity.--The Under Secretary shall ensure the
Center, Consortium, and staff adhere to policies and procedures
established pursuant to section 1009 of the America COMPETES Act (42
U.S.C. 6620), including by providing mechanisms for an employee or
associate of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, a
member of the Consortium, a private sector entity, researcher, or
student affiliated with the Center or Consortium, an employee of an
agency working with the Center, or a member of the public to report
violations of such policies by confidential and anonymous means.
``(d) Security.--This section shall be carried out in accordance
with the provision of subtitle D of title VI of the Research and
Development, Competition, and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 19231 et seq.;
enacted as part of division B of Public Law 117-167) and section 223 of
the William Mac Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for
Fiscal Year 2021 (42 U.S.C. 6605).
``(e) Limitation.--Information shared by an entity with, or
provided to, the National Institute of Standards and Technology for the
purpose of the activities described in this section may not be used by
any Federal, State, local, or Tribal department or agency to regulate
the activity of such entity.
``(f) Prohibitions.--Nothing in this section may be construed to--
``(1) provide the Under Secretary any enforcement authority
that was not in effect on the day before the date of the
enactment of this Act;
``(2) confer any regulatory authority to any Federal,
State, Tribal, or local department or agency;
``(3) require any private sector entity to share data,
including proprietary information, with the Under Secretary,
the Center, or the Consortium; or
``(4) modify any regulatory requirement to report or submit
information to a Federal, State, Tribal or local department or
agency.
``(g) Sunset.--This section shall terminate on the date that is six
years after the date of the enactment of this section.
``(h) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is to be authorized
to be appropriated to the Under Secretary $10,000,000 for fiscal year
2025 to carry out this section.''.
(c) Hiring Critical Technical Experts Update.--Subsection (c) of
section 6 of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15
U.S.C. 275) is amended by striking ``section (b) shall expire on the
date that is 5 years'' and inserting ``subsection (b) shall expire on
the date that is 7 years''.
(d) Clerical Amendment.--The tables of contents in section 2(b) and
in title LIII of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 are amended by inserting after
the items relating to section 5303 the following new items:
``Sec. 5304. Center for AI Advancement and Reliability.''.
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