[Congressional Bills 118th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 2132 Reported in Senate (RS)]

<DOC>





                                                       Calendar No. 583
118th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 2132

 To require the Secretary of Agriculture to establish a pilot program 
 for the establishment and use of a pre-fire-suppression stand density 
                     index, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                             June 22, 2023

    Mr. Lee introduced the following bill; which was read twice and 
       referred to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources

                           November 21, 2024

               Reported by Mr. Manchin, with an amendment
 [Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed 
                               in italic]

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
 To require the Secretary of Agriculture to establish a pilot program 
 for the establishment and use of a pre-fire-suppression stand density 
                     index, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

<DELETED>SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    This Act may be cited as the ``Catastrophic Wildfire 
Prevention Act of 2023''.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 2. PILOT PROGRAM.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Definitions.--In this section:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Area of the national forest system.--The term 
        ``area of the National Forest System'' means all or a portion 
        of a unit of the National Forest System that is located west of 
        the 100th meridian.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Pilot program.--The term ``pilot program'' 
        means the pilot program established under subsection 
        (b).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Pre-fire-suppression stand density index.--The 
        term ``pre-fire-suppression stand density index'' means an 
        estimate of the naturally occurring or ecologically balanced 
        stand density index of a forest, as developed from historical 
        surveys or appropriate scientific inference, before fire 
        suppression regimens became common practice.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the 
        Secretary of Agriculture, acting through the Chief of the 
        Forest Service.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) Stand density index.--The term ``stand density 
        index'' means an expression of relative stand density based on 
        the predictable relationship between average tree size and 
        trees per unit area in dense stands.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) Treatment.--The term ``treatment'' means--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) a mechanical treatment of hazardous 
                fuels;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) a stewardship end-result contracting 
                project;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) restoration services; or</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) timber harvesting.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish a pilot 
program under which the Secretary shall--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) collaborate with State or local forest 
        management agencies--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) to identify areas of the National 
                Forest System for potential selection under paragraph 
                (3) for inclusion in the pilot program; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) to research and establish a pre-fire-
                suppression stand density index for each area of the 
                National Forest System identified under subparagraph 
                (A);</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) evaluate how closely each pre-fire-suppression 
        stand density index established under paragraph (1)(B) reflects 
        current forest conditions and current published resource 
        management objectives established by the Secretary for the 
        applicable area of the National Forest System; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) select, in consultation with State or local 
        forest management agencies, not fewer than 8 areas of the 
        National Forest System identified under paragraph (1)(A) with 
        respect to which the area and neighboring communities may 
        benefit from using a pre-fire-suppression stand density index 
        as a benchmark for treatments by--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) reducing the chances of catastrophic 
                wildfire;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) increasing forest health;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) increasing forest 
                resilience;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) increasing ecological diversity; 
                or</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) improving such other criteria as the 
                Secretary, in consultation with State or local forest 
                management agencies, determine to be 
                appropriate.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Implementation.--Not later than 2 years after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall begin to conduct 
treatments on areas of the National Forest System selected under 
subsection (b)(3), and update applicable land and resource management 
plans to include objectives and benchmarks, in accordance with the 
applicable pre-fire-suppression stand density index established under 
subsection (b)(1)(B).</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (d) Selection of Areas.--In selecting areas of the 
National Forest System for inclusion in the pilot program under 
subsection (b)(3) and conducting treatments under subsection (c), the 
Secretary shall--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) give priority to an area--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) within the wildland-urban interface 
                (as defined in section 101 of the Healthy Forests 
                Restoration Act of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6511));</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) constituting a community 
                watershed;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) vulnerable to erosion;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) hosting multiple-use 
                activities;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) critical to supporting wildlife or 
                plant species health; or</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (F) with respect to which a treatment is 
                necessary to prevent catastrophic wildfire; 
                and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) select a geographically diverse sample of 
        areas of the National Forest System, which shall include not 
        fewer than 3 areas of the National Forest System in the 
        southwest United States.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (e) Funding.--The Secretary shall carry out this section 
using funds otherwise made available to the Secretary for fuels 
reduction treatments.</DELETED>

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Catastrophic Wildfire Prevention Act 
of 2024''.

SEC. 2. PILOT PROGRAM.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Historical stand density index.--The term ``historical 
        stand density index'' means an estimate of the naturally 
        occurring or ecologically balanced stand density index of a 
        forest, as developed from historical surveys or appropriate 
        scientific inference of data collected not more recently than 
        1915.
            (2) National forest system.--
                    (A) In general.--The term ``National Forest 
                System'' means land of the National Forest System (as 
                defined in section 11(a) of the Forest and Rangeland 
                Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 (16 U.S.C. 
                1609(a))) administered by the Secretary.
                    (B) Exclusion.--The term ``National Forest System'' 
                does not include any forest reserve not created from 
                the public domain.
            (3) Pilot program.--The term ``pilot program'' means the 
        pilot program established under subsection (b).
            (4) Resource management plan.--The term ``resource 
        management plan'' means a land and resource management plan 
        prepared for 1 or more units of the National Forest System 
        under section 6 of the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources 
        Planning Act of 1974 (16 U.S.C. 1604).
            (5) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Agriculture, acting through the Chief of the Forest Service.
            (6) Stand density index.--The term ``stand density index'' 
        means an expression of relative stand density based on the 
        predictable relationship between average tree size and trees 
        per unit area in dense stands.
            (7) Treatment.--The term ``treatment'' means--
                    (A) a mechanical treatment of hazardous fuels;
                    (B) a stewardship end-result contracting project;
                    (C) restoration services;
                    (D) timber harvesting; or
                    (E) other forest stand improvement activities, as 
                determined by the Secretary.
    (b) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish a pilot program 
under which the Secretary shall--
            (1) collaborate with State, local, and Tribal forest 
        management agencies--
                    (A) to identify areas of the National Forest System 
                for potential selection under paragraph (2) for 
                inclusion in the pilot program; and
                    (B) to research and determine an historical stand 
                density index for each area of the National Forest 
                System identified under subparagraph (A);
            (2) select, in consultation with State, local, and Tribal 
        forest management agencies, as necessary, projects in areas of 
        the National Forest System identified under paragraph (1)(A) 
        for implementation of treatments under subsection (c), in 
        accordance with the selection criteria under subsection (d);
            (3) evaluate the implementation of treatments conducted on 
        areas of the National Forest System selected under paragraph 
        (2), with respect to the efficacy of the treatments in--
                    (A) reducing catastrophic wildfire risk;
                    (B) increasing forest health;
                    (C) increasing forest resilience;
                    (D) increasing ecological diversity; or
                    (E) improving such other criteria as the Secretary 
                determines to be appropriate; and
            (4) as practicable, compare and update the resource 
        management plans for areas of the National Forest System 
        selected under paragraph (2) in accordance with any findings 
        resulting from the evaluations under paragraph (3).
    (c) Implementation.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall begin implementation of 
treatments on areas of the National Forest System selected under 
subsection (b)(2) to achieve the historical stand density index 
established under subsection (b)(1)(B) for those areas of the National 
Forest System.
    (d) Selection of Areas.--In selecting areas of the National Forest 
System for inclusion in the pilot program under subsection (b)(2) and 
implementing treatments under subsection (c), the Secretary shall--
            (1) give priority to an area--
                    (A) within the wildland-urban interface (as defined 
                in section 101 of the Healthy Forests Restoration Act 
                of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6511));
                    (B) constituting a municipal watershed;
                    (C) critical to maintaining water quality and 
                yield;
                    (D) vulnerable to erosion, flooding, landslides, or 
                other post-fire impacts;
                    (E) hosting multiple-use activities;
                    (F) critical to supporting wildlife or plant 
                species health;
                    (G) with respect to which a treatment is necessary 
                to prevent catastrophic wildfire; or
                    (H) for which the comparison of forest resilience 
                under an historical stand density index with the 
                contemporary stand density index would best inform 
                forest ecology and wildland fire research; and
            (2) select a geographically diverse sample of areas of the 
        National Forest System with various forest cover types; and
            (3) select not less than 1 area of the National Forest 
        System in each region of the National Forest System.
    (e) Funding.--The Secretary shall carry out this section using 
funds otherwise made available to the Secretary for--
            (1) research and development, with respect to the 
        requirements under paragraphs (1), (2), and (4) of subsection 
        (b); and
            (2) fuels reduction treatments, with respect to the 
        implementation of treatments described in subsection (c) and 
        the other requirements under this section.
                                                       Calendar No. 583

118th CONGRESS

  2d Session

                                S. 2132

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

 To require the Secretary of Agriculture to establish a pilot program 
 for the establishment and use of a pre-fire-suppression stand density 
                     index, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

                           November 21, 2024

                       Reported with an amendment