[Congressional Bills 118th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 2354 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>






118th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                S. 2354

To improve access to healthy foods, food processing, housing, forestry, 
  agricultural research, and other agricultural programs, and Tribal 
self-determination relating to those programs, in the State of Alaska, 
                        and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                             July 18, 2023

 Ms. Murkowski introduced the following bill; which was read twice and 
   referred to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
To improve access to healthy foods, food processing, housing, forestry, 
  agricultural research, and other agricultural programs, and Tribal 
self-determination relating to those programs, in the State of Alaska, 
                        and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Improving 
Agriculture, Research, Cultivation, Timber, and Indigenous Commodities 
(ARCTIC) Act''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents of this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Definition of Secretary.
               TITLE I--IMPROVING ACCESS TO HEALTHY FOODS

Sec. 101. Improving micro-grants for food security program.
Sec. 102. Grants and loans for food distribution in frontier 
                            communities.
Sec. 103. Acceptance of SNAP benefits through online transactions for 
                            certain delivery costs.
Sec. 104. Pilot program to purchase locally produced food.
Sec. 105. Wild USA seafood label.
Sec. 106. Market name for genetically engineered fish.
Sec. 107. Market name for cultivated fish.
                  TITLE II--IMPROVING FOOD PROCESSING

Sec. 201. Forgivable loans for small commercial food processing.
                      TITLE III--IMPROVING HOUSING

Sec. 301. Denali Housing Fund.
                  TITLE IV--IMPROVING SEAFOOD INDUSTRY

Sec. 401. Country of origin labeling for cooked crab.
Sec. 402. Eligibility of wild-caught fish and shellfish.
Sec. 403. Domestic seafood production.
Sec. 404. Grant program to promote the reuse, recycling, and 
                            sustainable use of marine products from 
                            seafood industry.
Sec. 405. Extension of credit to businesses providing services to 
                            producers or harvesters of aquatic 
                            products.
                TITLE V--IMPROVING AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH

Sec. 501. Funding for agricultural research in States without 
                            Agricultural Research Service facilities.
Sec. 502. Seaweed methane reduction research grants.
Sec. 503. Urban, indoor, and other emerging agricultural production 
                            research, education, and extension 
                            initiative.
Sec. 504. Reports and regulations on coastal seaweed farming.
                     TITLE VI--SUPPORTING FORESTRY

Sec. 601. Community wood energy and wood innovation program.
            TITLE VII--SUPPORTING UNITED STATES FLORICULTURE

Sec. 701. Limitation on procurement.
            TITLE VIII--IMPROVING TRIBAL SELF-DETERMINATION

Sec. 801. Agricultural self-determination and self-governance.
Sec. 802. Buy Indian Act modifications.
Sec. 803. Water systems for Alaska Native villages and rural villages.

SEC. 2. DEFINITION OF SECRETARY.

    In this Act, the term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of 
Agriculture.

               TITLE I--IMPROVING ACCESS TO HEALTHY FOODS

SEC. 101. IMPROVING MICRO-GRANTS FOR FOOD SECURITY PROGRAM.

    Section 4206 of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 (7 U.S.C. 
7518) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (c), by striking ``competitive 
        distribution of subgrants'' and inserting ``distribution of 
        subgrants or other financial assistance'';
            (2) in subsection (d), by striking paragraph (3);
            (3) in subsection (e)--
                    (A) in the subsection heading, by inserting ``and 
                Other Financial Assistance'' after ``Subgrants'';
                    (B) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A), in the matter 
                        preceding clause (i), by inserting ``or other 
                        financial assistance provided'' after 
                        ``subgrant'';
                            (ii) by striking subparagraph (B);
                            (iii) by redesignating subparagraph (C) as 
                        subparagraph (B); and
                            (iv) in subparagraph (B) (as so 
                        redesignated), by inserting ``or other 
                        financial assistance provided'' after 
                        ``subgrant'';
                    (C) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
                        (A), by striking ``competitive distribution of 
                        subgrants under subsection (c)'' and inserting 
                        ``distribution of subgrants or other financial 
                        assistance under this section''; and
                            (ii) in subparagraph (A), by inserting ``or 
                        other financial assistance provided'' after 
                        ``subgrant'';
                    (D) in paragraph (3), by inserting ``or other 
                financial assistance under this section'' after 
                ``subgrants'';
                    (E) in paragraph (4), in the matter preceding 
                subparagraph (A), by inserting ``or other financial 
                assistance provided'' after ``subgrant''; and
                    (F) in paragraph (5), by inserting ``or other 
                financial assistance'' after ``subgrant''; and
            (4) in subsection (f)(1)--
                    (A) by inserting ``or other financial assistance'' 
                after ``subgrant'' each place it appears; and
                    (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``subgrants by 
                eligible entities'' and inserting ``subgrant or other 
                financial assistance by the eligible entity''.

SEC. 102. GRANTS AND LOANS FOR FOOD DISTRIBUTION IN FRONTIER 
              COMMUNITIES.

    Subtitle A of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 
U.S.C. 1922 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 310J. GRANTS AND LOANS FOR FOOD DISTRIBUTION IN FRONTIER 
              COMMUNITIES.

    ``(a) Definitions.--
            ``(1) Eligible community.--The term `eligible community' 
        means--
                    ``(A) a frontier community that--
                            ``(i) is located in a noncontiguous State;
                            ``(ii) does not have a food bank or food 
                        pantry as of the date of submission of an 
                        application for a grant or loan under this 
                        section; and
                            ``(iii) is determined to be Frontier Level 
                        4 in accordance with the most recent version of 
                        the Frontier and Remote Communities Code 
                        developed by the Economic Research Service; and
                    ``(B) a rural community that--
                            ``(i) is located in a noncontiguous State;
                            ``(ii) does not have a food bank or food 
                        pantry as of the date of submission of an 
                        application for a grant or loan under this 
                        section; and
                            ``(iii) is determined to be Frontier Level 
                        3 in accordance with the most recent version of 
                        the Frontier and Remote Communities Code 
                        developed by the Economic Research Service.
            ``(2) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' means--
                    ``(A) an Indian Tribe (as defined in section 4 of 
                the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance 
                Act (25 U.S.C. 5304));
                    ``(B) a Tribal organization (as defined in section 
                4 of the Indian Self-Determination and Education 
                Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304)); and
                    ``(C) an organization described in section 
                501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and 
                exempt from taxation under section 501(a) of that Code.
    ``(b) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish a program to 
provide grants and loans to eligible entities to establish food banks 
or food pantries in eligible communities.
    ``(c) Eligible Activities.--An eligible entity that receives a 
grant or loan under subsection (b) may use the grant or loan for--
            ``(1) the construction or renovation of facilities;
            ``(2) wages and benefits for employees;
            ``(3) equipment to keep food and beverages cold or frozen, 
        as appropriate;
            ``(4) transportation of foods and beverages from rural hub 
        communities to outlying villages, including by air, barge, or 
        surface transportation; and
            ``(5) such other activities as the Secretary determines to 
        be appropriate.
    ``(d) Interest Rate.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), the 
        interest rate of a loan under subsection (b) shall be 
        established by the Secretary, for each quarter of the 
        applicable fiscal year, based on the rate prescribed in Rural 
        Development Instruction 440.1, exhibit B (or a successor 
        instruction), as in effect on the date on which the loan is 
        approved.
            ``(2) Adjustment.--The interest rate established under 
        paragraph (1) shall be adjusted to the nearest \1/8\ of 1 
        percent.
            ``(3) Written request.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Notwithstanding paragraph (1), 
                before the closing date of a loan under subsection (b), 
                the eligible entity applying for the loan may submit to 
                the Secretary a written request that the interest rate 
                to be charged for the loan be equal to the lesser of--
                            ``(i) the interest rate in effect on the 
                        date of the loan approval; and
                            ``(ii) the interest rate in effect on the 
                        date of the loan closing.
                    ``(B) Temporary debt instruments.--If a request 
                submitted under subparagraph (A) is approved by the 
                Secretary providing that the applicable interest rate 
                shall be the interest rate in effect on the date of the 
                loan closing, the interest rate charged on a loan 
                involving multiple advances of Federal funds using 
                temporary debt instruments shall be the interest rate 
                in effect on the date on which the first applicable 
                temporary debt instrument is issued.
    ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $100,000,000.''.

SEC. 103. ACCEPTANCE OF SNAP BENEFITS THROUGH ONLINE TRANSACTIONS FOR 
              CERTAIN DELIVERY COSTS.

    Section 7(k) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 
2016(k)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``(4)'' and inserting 
        ``(5)'';
            (2) in paragraph (2)(B), by inserting ``except as provided 
        in paragraph (3),'' before ``ensure'';
            (3) by redesignating paragraphs (3) and (4) as paragraphs 
        (4) and (5), respectively; and
            (4) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following:
            ``(3) Delivery costs.--Benefits may be used for the fees 
        and charges described in paragraph (2)(B) in the case of the 
        purchase of foods that must be delivered to, but not within, a 
        rural hub community or outlying village in a noncontiguous 
        State.''.

SEC. 104. PILOT PROGRAM TO PURCHASE LOCALLY PRODUCED FOOD.

    Section 203D of the Emergency Food Assistance Act of 1983 (7 U.S.C. 
7507) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) by striking ``distribution, to store, handle or 
                distribute'' and inserting the following: 
                ``distribution--
            ``(1) to store, handle, or distribute'';
                    (B) in paragraph (1) (as so designated), by 
                striking the period at the end and inserting ``; and''; 
                and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) to purchase locally produced food in accordance with 
        the pilot program established under subsection (g).''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(g) Pilot Program To Purchase Locally Produced Food.--The 
Secretary shall establish a pilot program under which the Secretary 
shall permit emergency feeding organizations participating in the 
program authorized by this Act to use those funds to purchase locally 
produced food to supplement the commodities provided by the Secretary 
under this Act.''.

SEC. 105. WILD USA SEAFOOD LABEL.

    Title II of the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 (7 U.S.C. 1621 
et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

                  ``Subtitle H--Wild USA Seafood Label

``SEC. 298A. DEFINITIONS.

    ``In this subtitle:
            ``(1) Fish.--The term `fish' means finfish, mollusks, 
        crustaceans, and all other forms of aquatic animal and plant 
        life other than aquatic mammals and birds.
            ``(2) Secretary.--The term `Secretary' means the Secretary 
        of Agriculture.

``SEC. 298B. WILD USA SEAFOOD LABEL.

    ``(a) In General.--A retailer of fish or person engaged in the 
business of supplying fish to a retailer may label the fish as `wild 
USA seafood', `wild American seafood', or any equivalent designation 
only if--
            ``(1) the fish is--
                    ``(A) naturally born in the wild; or
                    ``(B) a hatchery-originated fish released in the 
                wild;
            ``(2) the fish is caught, taken, or harvested from--
                    ``(A) waters within the exclusive economic zone (as 
                defined in section 107 of title 46, United States 
                Code); or
                    ``(B) navigable waters (as defined in section 502 
                of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 
                1362)); and
            ``(3) if the fish is caught, taken, or harvested by a 
        vessel, that vessel is a vessel of the United States (as 
        defined in section 3 of the Magnuson-Stevens Fisheries 
        Conservation and Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1802)).
    ``(b) Method of Notification.--
            ``(1) In general.--The information described in subsection 
        (a) may be provided to consumers by means of a label, stamp, 
        mark, placard, or other clear and visible sign on the fish, or 
        on the package, display, holding unit, or bin containing the 
        fish, at the final point of sale to consumers.
            ``(2) Labeled commodities.--If fish is already individually 
        labeled for retail sale with the label described in subsection 
        (a), the retailer shall not be required to provide any 
        additional information to comply with this section.

``SEC. 298C. ENFORCEMENT.

    ``(a) Warnings.--If the Secretary determines that a retailer of 
fish or person engaged in the business of supplying fish to a retailer 
is in violation of section 298B, the Secretary shall--
            ``(1) notify the retailer or person of the determination of 
        the Secretary; and
            ``(2) provide the retailer or person a 30-day period, 
        beginning on the date on which the retailer or person receives 
        the notice under paragraph (1) from the Secretary, during which 
        the retailer or person may take necessary steps to comply with 
        section 298B.
    ``(b) Fines.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary may fine a retailer or 
        person under paragraph (2) if, on completion of the 30-day 
        period described in subsection (a)(2), the Secretary determines 
        that the retailer or person--
                    ``(A) has not made a good faith effort to comply 
                with section 298B; and
                    ``(B) continues to willfully violate section 298B 
                with respect to the violation regarding which the 
                retailer or person received a notification under 
                subsection (a)(1).
            ``(2) Notice and hearing; amount.--After providing notice 
        and an opportunity for a hearing before the Secretary with 
        respect to the violation described in paragraph (1), the 
        Secretary may fine the retailer or person in an amount equal to 
        not more than $10,000 for each violation.

``SEC. 298D. REGULATIONS.

    ``The Secretary may promulgate such regulations as are necessary to 
implement this subtitle.''.

SEC. 106. MARKET NAME FOR GENETICALLY ENGINEERED FISH.

    (a) In General.--Notwithstanding subtitle E of title II of the 
Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 (7 U.S.C. 1639 et seq.), or any 
other provision of law, for purposes of applying the Federal Food, 
Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 301 et seq.), the acceptable market 
name of any fish product that is genetically engineered shall include 
the words ``Genetically Engineered'' or ``GE'' prior to the existing 
acceptable market name.
    (b) Genetically Engineered Described.--For purposes of this 
section, a fish product shall be considered to be genetically 
engineered if the fish product has been modified by recombinant DNA 
(rDNA) techniques, including the entire lineage of fish that contain 
the rDNA modification.

SEC. 107. MARKET NAME FOR CULTIVATED FISH.

    (a) In General.--Notwithstanding subtitle E of title II of the 
Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 (7 U.S.C. 1639 et seq.) or any other 
provision of law, for purposes of applying the Federal Food, Drug, and 
Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 301 et seq.), the acceptable market name of any 
fish product that is laboratory-grown shall include the word 
``Cultivated'' prior to the existing acceptable market name.
    (b) Cultivated Described.--For purposes of this section, a fish 
product shall be considered to be cultivated if the fish product is 
derived from the harvested cells of fish and grown in a laboratory 
setting.

                  TITLE II--IMPROVING FOOD PROCESSING

SEC. 201. FORGIVABLE LOANS FOR SMALL COMMERCIAL FOOD PROCESSING.

    (a) Definition of Eligible Entity.--In this section, the term 
``eligible entity'' means an individual or entity that is an 
agricultural producer or owns or operates, or seeks to own or operate, 
a commercial food processing operation that--
            (1) holds a commercial license issued by a noncontiguous 
        State; and
            (2)(A) carries on a farming business (within the meaning of 
        section 263A(e)(4) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986); or
            (B) conducts a commercial food processing operation that is 
        a small business concern (as defined in section 3 of the Small 
        Business Act (15 U.S.C. 632)).
    (b) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish a program, to be 
known as the ``Arctic Agriculture Accelerator Loan Program'', to 
provide--
            (1) loans to eligible entities to start or expand a small 
        commercial food processing operation; and
            (2) forgiveness of those loans in accordance with 
        subsection (f).
    (c) Applications.--To apply for a loan under subsection (b)(1), an 
eligible entity shall submit to the Secretary an application at such 
time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary 
may require, including a description of activities described in 
subsection (d) that the eligible entity will carry out using the loan.
    (d) Eligible Activities.--An eligible entity that receives a loan 
under subsection (b)(1) may use the loan funds for the purchase and 
installation of equipment, the construction or renovation of 
facilities, or any other activity to create or expand the capacity of 
the eligibility entity to process, store, or distribute locally 
produced food.
    (e) Loan Amounts.--The amount of a loan under subsection (b)(1) 
shall be--
            (1) $150,000 in the case of an eligible entity that owns or 
        operates, or seeks to own or operate, a small commercial food 
        processing operation for specialty crops or grains; and
            (2) $250,000 in the case of an eligible entity that owns or 
        operates, or seeks to own or operate, a small commercial food 
        processing operation for meat, poultry, egg, aquaculture, or 
        wild-caught fish products.
    (f) Loan Forgiveness.--The Secretary shall forgive the indebtedness 
of a borrower of a loan under subsection (b)(1) if the Secretary 
determines that the borrower has successfully carried out the 
activities described in the application submitted by the borrower under 
subsection (c).
    (g) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated for the cost of loans and forgiveness of loans to carry 
out this section $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2024 through 
2028.

                      TITLE III--IMPROVING HOUSING

SEC. 301. DENALI HOUSING FUND.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' means--
                    (A) a nonprofit organization;
                    (B) a limited dividend organization;
                    (C) a cooperative organization;
                    (D) an Indian Tribe (as defined in section 4 of the 
                Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act 
                (25 U.S.C. 5304)); and
                    (E) a public entity, such as a municipality, 
                county, district, authority, or other political 
                subdivision of a State.
            (2) Federal cochair.--The term ``Federal Cochair'' means 
        the Federal Cochair of the Denali Commission.
            (3) Fund.--The term ``Fund'' means the Denali Housing Fund 
        established under subsection (b)(1).
            (4) Low-income.--The term ``low-income'', with respect to a 
        household means that the household income is less than 150 
        percent of the Federal poverty level for the State of Alaska.
            (5) Moderate-income.--The term ``moderate-income'', with 
        respect to a household, means that the household income is less 
        than 250 percent of the Federal poverty level for the State of 
        Alaska.
            (6) Rural alaska village.--The term ``rural Alaska 
        village'' means a rural community or Native village in Alaska 
        that--
                    (A)(i) is located in an unorganized borough; and
                    (ii) has a population of fewer than 1,000 
                inhabitants; or
                    (B)(i) is located in a borough; and
                    (ii) is not connected by road to--
                            (I) Anchorage, Alaska; or
                            (II) Fairbanks, Alaska.
    (b) Denali Housing Fund.--
            (1) Establishment.--There shall be established in the 
        Treasury of the United States the Denali Housing Fund, to be 
        administered by the Federal Cochair.
            (2) Source and use of amounts in fund.--
                    (A) In general.--Amounts allocated to the Federal 
                Cochair for the purpose of carrying out this section 
                shall be deposited in the Fund.
                    (B) Uses.--The Federal Cochair shall use the Fund 
                as a revolving fund to carry out the purposes of this 
                section.
                    (C) Investment.--The Federal Cochair may invest 
                amounts in the Fund that are not necessary for 
                operational expenses in bonds or other obligations, the 
                principal and interest of which are guaranteed by the 
                Federal Government.
                    (D) General expenses.--The Federal Cochair may 
                charge the general expenses of carrying out this 
                section to the Fund.
            (3) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to the Fund $5,000,000 for each of fiscal 
        years 2024 through 2029.
    (c) Purposes.--The purposes of this section are--
            (1) to encourage and facilitate the construction or 
        rehabilitation of housing to meet the needs of low-income 
        households and moderate-income households; and
            (2) to provide housing for public employees.
    (d) Loans and Grants.--
            (1) In general.--The Federal Cochair may provide grants and 
        loans from the Fund to eligible entities under such terms and 
        conditions the Federal Cochair may prescribe.
            (2) Purpose.--The purpose of a grant or loan under 
        paragraph (1) shall be for planning and obtaining federally 
        insured mortgage financing or other financial assistance for 
        housing construction or rehabilitation projects for low-income 
        and moderate-income households in rural Alaska villages.
    (e) Providing Amounts to States for Grants and Loans.--The Federal 
Cochair may provide amounts to the State of Alaska, or political 
subdivisions thereof, for making the grants and loans described in 
subsection (d).
    (f) Loans.--
            (1) Limitation on available amounts.--A loan under 
        subsection (d) for the cost of planning and obtaining financing 
        (including the cost of preliminary surveys and analyses of 
        market needs, preliminary site engineering and architectural 
        fees, site options, application and mortgage commitment fees, 
        legal fees, and construction loan fees and discounts) of a 
        project described in that subsection may be for not more than 
        90 percent of that cost.
            (2) Interest.--A loan under subsection (d) shall be made 
        without interest, except that a loan made to an eligible entity 
        established for profit shall bear interest at the prevailing 
        market rate authorized for an insured or guaranteed loan for 
        that type of project.
            (3) Payment.--
                    (A) In general.--The Federal Cochair shall require 
                payment of a loan made under this section under terms 
                and conditions the Secretary may require by not later 
                than the date of completion of the project.
                    (B) Cancellation.--For a loan other than a loan to 
                an eligible entity established for profit, the 
                Secretary may cancel any part of the debt with respect 
                to a loan made under subsection (d) if the Secretary 
                determines that a permanent loan to finance the project 
                cannot be obtained in an amount adequate for repayment 
                of a loan made under subsection (d).
    (g) Grants.--
            (1) In general.--A grant under this section for expenses 
        incidental to planning and obtaining financing for a project 
        described in this section that the Federal Cochair considers 
        unrecoverable from the proceeds of a permanent loan made to 
        finance the project--
                    (A) may not be made to an eligible entity 
                established for profit; and
                    (B) may not exceed 90 percent of those expenses.
            (2) Site development costs and offsite improvements.--
                    (A) In general.--The Federal Cochair may make 
                grants and commitments for grants under terms and 
                conditions the Federal Cochair may require to eligible 
                entities for reasonable site development costs and 
                necessary offsite improvements, such as sewer and water 
                line extensions, if the grant or commitment--
                            (i) is essential to ensuring that housing 
                        is constructed on the site in the future; and
                            (ii) otherwise meets the requirements for 
                        assistance under this section.
                    (B) Maximum amounts.--The amount of a grant under 
                this paragraph may not--
                            (i) with respect to the construction of 
                        housing, exceed 40 percent of the cost of the 
                        construction; and
                            (ii) with respect to the rehabilitation of 
                        housing, exceed 10 percent of the reasonable 
                        value of the rehabilitation, as determined by 
                        the Federal Cochair.
    (h) Information, Advice, and Technical Assistance.--The Federal 
Cochair may provide, or contract with public or private organizations 
to provide, information, advice, and technical assistance with respect 
to the construction, rehabilitation, and operation by nonprofit 
organizations of housing for low-income or moderate-income households, 
or for public employees, in rural Alaska villages under this section.

                  TITLE IV--IMPROVING SEAFOOD INDUSTRY

SEC. 401. COUNTRY OF ORIGIN LABELING FOR COOKED CRAB.

    Section 281(1) of the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 (7 U.S.C. 
1638(1)) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``The term'' and 
        inserting ``Except as provided in subparagraph (C), the term''; 
        and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(C) Inclusion.--The term `covered commodity' 
                includes crab that--
                            ``(i) is wild fish; and
                            ``(ii) has been cooked, including by 
                        frying, broiling, grilling, boiling, steaming, 
                        baking, and roasting.''.

SEC. 402. ELIGIBILITY OF WILD-CAUGHT FISH AND SHELLFISH.

    (a) Farm Loans.--
            (1) Definitions of farmer and farming.--Section 343(a) of 
        the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C. 
        1991(a)) is amended--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``farming.'' and 
                inserting ``farming or commercial fishing.'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``farming.'' and 
                inserting ``farming and commercial fishing.''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(14) Commercial fishing.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term `commercial fishing' 
                means fishing (as defined in section 3 of the Magnuson-
                Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (16 
                U.S.C. 1802)) in which the fish harvested, either in 
                whole or in part, are intended to enter commerce or 
                enter commerce through sale, barter, or trade.
                    ``(B) Associated definition of fish.--For purposes 
                of subparagraph (A), the term `fish'--
                            ``(i) means finfish, mollusks, crustaceans, 
                        and all other forms of aquatic animal and plant 
                        life; but
                            ``(ii) does not include--
                                    ``(I) marine mammals; or
                                    ``(II) birds.''.
            (2) Farm ownership loans.--Section 303(a) of the 
        Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1923(a)) 
        is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) Commercial fishers.--A commercial fisher may use a 
        direct or guaranteed loan under this subtitle for--
                    ``(A) acquiring a commercial fishing permit; and
                    ``(B) acquiring, operating, and maintaining a 
                commercial fishing vessel.''.
            (3) Farm operating loans.--Section 312 of the Consolidated 
        Farm and Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1942) is amended by 
        adding at the end the following:
    ``(f) Commercial Fishers.--A commercial fisher may use a direct or 
guaranteed loan under this subtitle for acquiring, operating, and 
maintaining a commercial fishing vessel.''.
    (b) Farmers' Markets and Local Food Promotion Program.--Section 
210A(d)(6) of the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 (7 U.S.C. 
1627c(d)(6)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(F) Eligibility of wild-caught fish and 
                shellfish.--For purposes of this paragraph, an 
                agricultural commodity or product described in 
                subsection (a)(12) shall include fish (as defined in 
                paragraph (14)(B) of section 343(a) of the Consolidated 
                Farm and Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1991(a))).''.

SEC. 403. DOMESTIC SEAFOOD PRODUCTION.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Mariculture.--The term ``mariculture'' means shellfish 
        and aquatic plants grown under controlled conditions.
            (2) Rural community.--The term ``rural community'' means a 
        coastal community located in a rural area (as defined in 
        section 343(a) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development 
        Act (7 U.S.C. 1991(a)).
            (3) Seafood.--The term ``seafood'' means wild-caught 
        finfish and shellfish.
    (b) Action Plan and Selection of Coastal Communities.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary, in consultation with the 
        Secretary of Commerce, shall develop an action plan to 
        facilitate increased domestic processing of United States-
        caught seafood and mariculture.
            (2) Inclusions.--The action plan developed under paragraph 
        (1) shall include--
                    (A) an identification of coastal communities in 
                which--
                            (i) commercial fishing is a significant 
                        economic driver; and
                            (ii) there exists a need, and voiced 
                        community desire, for the creation of new (or 
                        rehabilitation of existing) seafood processing 
                        infrastructure to allow those communities--
                                    (I) to effectively process the 
                                catch of the communities locally; and
                                    (II) to provide for the local and 
                                domestic market;
                    (B) an identification of coastal communities with 
                existing or developing mariculture operations in which 
                processing infrastructure is not sufficient to meet the 
                needs of the mariculture operations;
                    (C) a consideration of the diversity of coastal 
                communities, including geographic diversity;
                    (D) an assessment of the number of coastal 
                communities described in subparagraphs (A) through (C) 
                that qualify as rural communities; and
                    (E) an analysis of the current domestic seafood 
                supply chain, including a carbon footprint.
            (3) Selection of eligible communities.--The action plan 
        developed under paragraph (1) shall include a selection of 5 
        coastal communities across the United States that would be 
        eligible for the grants and cooperative agreements under 
        subsection (c).
            (4) Stakeholder engagement.--In developing the action plan 
        under paragraph (1), the Secretary, in consultation with the 
        Secretary of Commerce, shall provide a meaningful stakeholder 
        engagement process that--
                    (A) prioritizes outreach and engagement through 
                methods that effectively reach residents of rural 
                communities described in subparagraphs (A) through (C) 
                of paragraph (2); and
                    (B) provides an opportunity for public comment 
                regarding a draft of the action plan, and incorporation 
                of any comments received by the date that is 60 days 
                after the end of the public comment period.
    (c) Grants and Cooperative Agreements To Support Local Seafood 
Processing.--
            (1) In general.--Using funds made available under 
        subsection (f), the Secretary shall, for the period of fiscal 
        years 2024 and 2025, make competitive grants or enter into 
        cooperative agreements--
                    (A) to support pilot projects for new seafood or 
                mariculture processing infrastructure in eligible 
                communities selected under subsection (b)(3);
                    (B) to support pilot projects for the 
                rehabilitation, repair, or retrofitting of existing 
                seafood or mariculture processing infrastructure in 
                those eligible communities;
                    (C) to host onsite local training, education, 
                outreach, and technical assistance initiatives for 
                working waterfront populations in those communities; or
                    (D) to provide preference for community members 
                from those eligible communities in the startup of pilot 
                seafood or mariculture processing facilities 
                exclusively designed for serving domestic and local 
                markets, which shall include--
                            (i) entrepreneurship and business training;
                            (ii) financial and risk management 
                        training; and
                            (iii) food safety and recordkeeping.
            (2) Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive a grant or 
        enter into a cooperative agreement under paragraph (1), the 
        recipient of the grant or participant in the cooperative 
        agreement shall be--
                    (A) a collaborative State, Tribal, local, or 
                regionally based network or partnership of public or 
                private entities; or
                    (B) an individual seafood or mariculture processing 
                company.
            (3) Priorities.--In making grants or entering into 
        cooperative agreements under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall 
        give priority to--
                    (A) projects that commit--
                            (i) to sell a substantial quantity of 
                        seafood domestically, as determined by the 
                        Secretary;
                            (ii) to meaningful local-hire practices, as 
                        determined by the Secretary;
                            (iii) to avoiding additional overburdening 
                        of rural communities, such as by minimizing 
                        additional vehicular traffic; and
                            (iv) to supporting innovative 
                        transportation networks to minimize adverse 
                        impacts on adjacent communities;
                    (B) projects that--
                            (i) colocate with, or supply, community 
                        fish markets or community-based seafood 
                        distributors, such as local farmers' markets;
                            (ii)(I) would retrofit or update existing 
                        infrastructure; and
                            (II) are zoned for mixed use, such as a 
                        processing plant with an adjacent community 
                        fish market; or
                            (iii) include partnerships with schools or 
                        organizations that address food security and 
                        hunger; and
                    (C) community-based businesses and organizations 
                with expertise in working with rural communities and 
                coastal communities.
            (4) Evaluation criteria.--In making grants or entering into 
        cooperative agreements under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall 
        evaluate, with respect to applications for the grants or 
        cooperative agreements--
                    (A) relevancy;
                    (B) technical merit;
                    (C) achievability, expertise, and track record; and
                    (D) equity and environmental justice impacts.
            (5) Requirements.--A grant or cooperative agreement under 
        paragraph (1) shall be for an amount and term determined 
        appropriate by the Secretary.
            (6) Interagency funding.--Any Federal agency may 
        participate in any grant or cooperative agreement under 
        paragraph (1) by contributing funds, if the contributing agency 
        determines that the objectives of the grant or cooperative 
        agreement will advance the authorized programs of the 
        contributing agency.
            (7) Limitation on indirect costs.--A recipient of a grant 
        or a party to a cooperative agreement under paragraph (1) may 
        not use more than 10 percent of the funds received for the 
        indirect costs of carrying out the grant or cooperative 
        agreement.
    (d) Evaluation of Action Plan, Grants, and Cooperative 
Agreements.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this 
Act, the Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of Commerce, 
shall submit to Congress a report evaluating the effectiveness of the 
action plan developed under subsection (b) and the grants and 
cooperative agreements made or entered into under subsection (c), 
including--
            (1) an assessment of social and economic benefits resulting 
        from projects carried out using those grants and cooperative 
        agreements; and
            (2) recommendations--
                    (A) to improve the effectiveness of the action plan 
                and the grants and cooperative agreements; and
                    (B) to expand projects carried out using the grants 
                and cooperative agreements to additional coastal 
                communities.
    (e) Exclusive Economic Zone Prohibitions.--
            (1) Prohibition on authorizing finfish aquaculture.--
        Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no Federal agency 
        shall permit, authorize, or otherwise regulate commercial 
        finfish aquaculture operations in the Exclusive Economic Zone 
        of the United States (as established by Proclamation Numbered 
        5030, dated March 10, 1983), except in accordance with a law 
        authorizing such an action that is enacted after the date of 
        enactment of this Act.
            (2) Prohibition on funds to promote finfish aquaculture.--
        No Federal funds available to the National Oceanic and 
        Atmospheric Administration shall be used to award grants to 
        facilitate or otherwise regulate finfish aquaculture in Federal 
        waters.
    (f) Funding.--
            (1) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to carry out this section $15,000,000 for 
        each of fiscal years 2024 and 2025.
            (2) Reservation of funds.--Of the amounts made available 
        under paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $200,000 shall be used to carry out subsection 
                (b) during fiscal year 2024, to be divided equally 
                between the Secretary and the Secretary of Commerce;
                    (B) $200,000 shall be used to carry out subsection 
                (d) during fiscal year 2025; and
                    (C) the remaining amounts shall be used, subject to 
                paragraphs (3) and (4)--
                            (i) to carry out subsection (c); or
                            (ii) for expenses relating to the 
                        administration of this section.
            (3) Allocation of funds.--A majority of the amount made 
        available to carry out subsection (c) for any fiscal year shall 
        be used to support coastal communities that are rural 
        communities.
            (4) Administrative expenses.--Not more than 5 percent of 
        the amounts made available to carry out this section for a 
        fiscal year may be used for expenses relating to the 
        administration of this section.

SEC. 404. GRANT PROGRAM TO PROMOTE THE REUSE, RECYCLING, AND 
              SUSTAINABLE USE OF MARINE PRODUCTS FROM SEAFOOD INDUSTRY.

    (a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to support projects 
that promote the reuse, recycling, and sustainable use of marine 
products from the seafood industry.
    (b) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' means--
                    (A) an academic institution;
                    (B) a nonprofit organization; and
                    (C) a for-profit company.
            (2) Marine product.--The term ``marine product'' means--
                    (A) chitin derived from marine animals, including 
                crustaceans, mollusks, and the scales, shells, or waste 
                of any marine animal;
                    (B) seaweed;
                    (C) marine waste from seafood; and
                    (D) any other product or byproduct of the seafood 
                industry that, in the determination of the Secretary--
                            (i) would ultimately end in a landfill or 
                        other waste disposal facility if not reused, 
                        recycled, or put to use in a manner consistent 
                        with the purpose of this section; and
                            (ii) demonstrates promise for reuse, 
                        recycling, or sustainable use.
            (3) Reuse, recycling, or sustainable use.--The term 
        ``reuse, recycling, or sustainable use'', with respect to a 
        marine product, includes use of the marine product--
                    (A) as a fertilizer;
                    (B) as a biostimulant;
                    (C) as a component in a plastic alternative;
                    (D) in soil amendment and remediation;
                    (E) in wastewater treatment; and
                    (F) for collagen extraction.
    (c) Grant Program.--
            (1) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish a program 
        under which the Secretary shall provide grants to eligible 
        entities for projects that involve the reuse, recycling, or 
        sustainable use of 1 or more marine products from the seafood 
        industry.
            (2) Set-aside.--The Secretary shall set aside 50 percent of 
        the amounts appropriated to carry out the program established 
        under paragraph (1) to make grants to eligible entities that 
        are domiciled, or have an operating location, in a State that, 
        as determined by the Secretary, is among the States with the 
        greatest length of coastline.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary such sums as are necessary to carry out 
this section.

SEC. 405. EXTENSION OF CREDIT TO BUSINESSES PROVIDING SERVICES TO 
              PRODUCERS OR HARVESTERS OF AQUATIC PRODUCTS.

    (a) Farm Credit Banks.--
            (1) Eligibility for credit and financial services.--Section 
        1.9 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 2017) is 
        amended--
                    (A) in paragraph (2), by striking ``or'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph 
                (4); and
                    (C) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following:
            ``(3) persons furnishing to producers or harvesters of 
        aquatic products services directly related to their operating 
        needs; or''.
            (2) Purposes for extensions of credit.--Section 1.11(c)(1) 
        of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 2019(c)(1)) is 
        amended by inserting ``and to persons furnishing services 
        directly related to the operating needs of producers or 
        harvesters of aquatic products'' after ``needs''.
    (b) Production Credit Associations.--Section 2.4(a) of the Farm 
Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 2075(a)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (3), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) persons furnishing to producers or harvesters of 
        aquatic products services directly related to their operating 
        needs.''.

                TITLE V--IMPROVING AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH

SEC. 501. FUNDING FOR AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH IN STATES WITHOUT 
              AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE FACILITIES.

    Subtitle B of title VI of the Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7651 et seq.) is amended by 
adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 621. FUNDING FOR AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH IN STATES WITHOUT 
              AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE FACILITIES.

    ``There is authorized to be appropriated $5,000,000 for fiscal year 
2024 and each fiscal year thereafter, to remain available until 
expended, for agricultural research at 1862 Institutions and State 
agriculture agencies in States that do not have an Agricultural 
Research Service facility, to address the research priorities of those 
States.''.

SEC. 502. SEAWEED METHANE REDUCTION RESEARCH GRANTS.

    Subtitle H of title XVI of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and 
Trade Act of 1990 is amended by inserting after section 1673 (7 U.S.C. 
5926) the following:

``SEC. 1674. SEAWEED METHANE REDUCTION RESEARCH GRANTS.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' means an 
        institution of higher education (as defined in section 101 of 
        the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)).
            ``(2) Secretary.--The term `Secretary' means the Secretary 
        of Agriculture.
    ``(b) Grants.--The Secretary shall provide grants to eligible 
entities for the research and development of the suitability of cold-
water seaweed species for reduction of enteric methane through 
livestock feed additives.
    ``(c) Research Priorities.--The Secretary shall give priority in 
providing grants under subsection (b) for the following types of 
research:
            ``(1) Research conducted on which varieties of seaweed 
        inhibit methane production.
            ``(2) Research conducted on which varieties of seaweed that 
        inhibit methane production can grow in cold-water climates.
            ``(3) Research conducted on whether bromoform from seaweed 
        causes any effects on the ozone.
            ``(4) Research conducted on what level of shelf-life 
        seaweed could have if produced on a large scale.
            ``(5) Research conducted on whether, and to what extent, 
        large-scale production of seaweed has environmental effects.
            ``(6) Research conducted on how seaweed affects livestock 
        biology if used as livestock feed.
            ``(7) Research conducted on whether seaweed affects human 
        health if used as livestock feed.
            ``(8) Research conducted on how knowledge of the ability of 
        seaweed to inhibit methane production would affect the market 
        value of seaweed products, including--
                    ``(A) the largest entities or sectors that would 
                potentially purchase seaweed products;
                    ``(B) potential market prices for livestock feed 
                containing seaweed additives; and
                    ``(C) the potential role of greenhouse gas emission 
                credits in supporting the reduction of enteric methane 
                using seaweed.
    ``(d) Requirements.--In providing grants under subsection (b), the 
Secretary shall--
            ``(1) select recipients on the basis of the quality of the 
        proposed research project; and
            ``(2) award not less than 50 percent of funding to eligible 
        entities in States that, as determined by the Secretary, are 
        among the States with the greatest length of coastline.
    ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this section for 
each of fiscal years 2024 through 2028.''.

SEC. 503. URBAN, INDOOR, AND OTHER EMERGING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION 
              RESEARCH, EDUCATION, AND EXTENSION INITIATIVE.

    Section 1672E of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act 
of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5925g) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (5), by striking ``production;'' 
                and inserting ``production or preservation;''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (6), by inserting ``, including 
                those in circumpolar regions'' before the semicolon; 
                and
            (2) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``or'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by striking the period at the 
                end and inserting ``; or''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) areas designated as frontier or remote areas.''.

SEC. 504. REPORTS AND REGULATIONS ON COASTAL SEAWEED FARMING.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Coastal seaweed farming.--The term ``coastal seaweed 
        farming'' means the onshore or nearshore propagation and 
        harvesting of seaweed and products derived from seaweed that--
                    (A) does not use any--
                            (i) synthetic pesticide (as defined in 
                        section 2 of the Federal Insecticide, 
                        Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (7 U.S.C. 136)); 
                        or
                            (ii) plastic, unless a suitable replacement 
                        does not exist; and
                    (B) does not produce finfish for commercial 
                purposes.
            (2) Seaweed.--The term ``seaweed'' means any macroscopic, 
        multicellular marine algae species.
            (3) Secretaries.--The term ``Secretaries'' means--
                    (A) the Secretary; and
                    (B) the Secretary of Commerce, acting through the 
                Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere.
    (b) Reports.--
            (1) Preliminary report.--
                    (A) In general.--Not later than 2 years after the 
                date of enactment of this Act, the Secretaries shall 
                jointly submit to Congress, and publish on the websites 
                of the Department of Agriculture and the National 
                Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, a preliminary 
                report analyzing the following:
                            (i) The effects of coastal seaweed farming 
                        on--
                                    (I) surrounding communities;
                                    (II) the ecosystem; and
                                    (III) marine and coastal wildlife.
                            (ii) Best practices for cultivating and 
                        sourcing local seeds to propagate for coastal 
                        seaweed farming, including practices based on 
                        traditional ecological knowledge.
                            (iii) Best practices, including practices 
                        based on traditional ecological knowledge, to 
                        prevent the escape or spread during coastal 
                        seaweed farming of any organism that would--
                                    (I) alter the natural ecosystem; or
                                    (II) present a biofouling risk.
                            (iv) Best practices, including practices 
                        based on traditional ecological knowledge, 
                        relating to species selection, harvesting 
                        cycles, spatial planning and siting, 
                        engineering and design, and environmental 
                        aspects of coastal seaweed farming that--
                                    (I) maximize benefits, and avoid 
                                adverse effects, on the marine 
                                ecosystem and marine and coastal 
                                wildlife;
                                    (II) lead to optimal yields;
                                    (III) account for the impact 
                                climate change may have on natural 
                                habitats and coastal seaweed farming 
                                operations;
                                    (IV) minimize entanglements and 
                                other harmful interactions between 
                                marine life and nearshore seaweed 
                                farming infrastructure and gear;
                                    (V) account for changes in 
                                migration patterns of marine mammals 
                                and highly migratory species (as 
                                defined in section 3 of the Magnuson-
                                Stevens Fishery Conservation and 
                                Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1802)); and
                                    (VI) account for, and avoid 
                                interference with, competing uses, 
                                including vessel traffic and commercial 
                                and recreational fishing.
                            (v) The potential for growing seaweed for 
                        long-term carbon sequestration and best 
                        practices for measurement, reporting, and 
                        verification approaches for that growing, 
                        specific to the sequestration reservoir.
                            (vi) The effects of cocultivation of 
                        bivalves with seaweed on the ecosystem, ocean 
                        acidification, and hypoxia levels.
                            (vii) The effects of coastal seaweed 
                        farming on water quality.
                            (viii) Best practices for limiting the use 
                        of plastic in coastal seaweed farming gear.
                            (ix) The history and use of Indigenous and 
                        traditional seaweed farming practices.
                            (x) Best practices for sustainable harvest 
                        and post-harvest processing of coastal seaweed 
                        farming products, including--
                                    (I) methods of reducing energy 
                                costs; and
                                    (II) methods based on traditional 
                                ecological knowledge.
                            (xi) Scalable commercial applications for 
                        value-added seaweed or products derived from 
                        seaweed, including as feedstock for animals and 
                        other agricultural, commercial, and industrial 
                        applications.
                            (xii) Processes for processing, storage, 
                        and transportation of seaweed that--
                                    (I) are cost-effective and 
                                efficient; and
                                    (II) reduce carbon emissions from 
                                transportation.
                            (xiii) Existing and potential markets and 
                        market capacity for major cultivated seaweed 
                        species.
                            (xiv) Baseline economic analyses and 
                        business planning models for major cultivated 
                        seaweed species.
                            (xv) The effects of water quality on the 
                        quality of cultivated seaweed for human 
                        consumption, including the absorption of toxic 
                        heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants.
                            (xvi) Best practices for onshore seaweed 
                        farming issues that reduce energy requirements 
                        to pump water, include management of effluent 
                        and spatial planning, and address conflicting 
                        uses of the onshore coastal zone.
                            (xvii) Best practices in efficient and 
                        effective Federal and State regulatory systems 
                        for coastal seaweed farming.
                    (B) Consultation and engagement.--In preparing the 
                report under subparagraph (A), the Secretaries shall 
                consult or engage, as appropriate, with the following:
                            (i) The Interagency Working Group on 
                        Indigenous Traditional Ecological Knowledge, 
                        with respect to--
                                    (I) the cultivation of kelp, 
                                seaweed, and shellfish;
                                    (II) the use of Tribal waters for 
                                coastal seaweed farming;
                                    (III) the impact and benefits of 
                                coastal seaweed farming on Tribal 
                                waters; and
                                    (IV) best practices for engaging 
                                with Indian Tribes (as defined in 
                                section 4 of the Indian Self-
                                Determination and Education Assistance 
                                Act (25 U.S.C. 5304)) with respect to 
                                matters relating to coastal seaweed 
                                farming.
                            (ii) Indian Tribes (as so defined).
                            (iii) The Office of Hawaiian Affairs (as 
                        defined in section 2 of the Native American 
                        Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (25 
                        U.S.C. 3001)).
                            (iv) The Interagency Working Group on 
                        Research for Farming of Seaweeds and 
                        Seagrasses.
                            (v) The Interagency Working Group on Ocean 
                        Acidification.
                            (vi) The Joint Subcommittee on Aquaculture 
                        of the National Science and Technology Council.
                            (vii) Such other agencies as the 
                        Secretaries determine to be appropriate.
            (2) Update.--Not later than 2 years after the date on which 
        the report under paragraph (1) is submitted, the Secretaries 
        shall submit to Congress an updated report based on pertinent 
        information derived from Federal research programs and other 
        sources of information.
    (c) Regulations.--Not later than 1 year after the date on which the 
preliminary report under subsection (b)(1) is published, the 
Secretaries, in consultation with the Chief of Engineers, shall 
promulgate and implement such regulations as the Secretaries determine 
to be appropriate--
            (1) to ensure that design, development, siting, species 
        selection, operation, and production systems of coastal seaweed 
        farming maximize potential benefits to, and avoid potential 
        adverse effects on, the marine ecosystem, wildlife, and 
        fisheries and surrounding communities;
            (2) to establish evaluation metrics to measure the impact 
        and benefits of coastal seaweed farming on--
                    (A) the marine ecosystem, including marine 
                wildlife, biodiversity, productivity, water quality, 
                and stored carbon; and
                    (B) surrounding communities, including relating to 
                the equitable distribution of costs and benefits 
                (including economic and environmental costs and 
                benefits) within those communities; and
            (3) to require monitoring and reporting relating to--
                    (A) any adverse effects on the marine ecosystem and 
                wildlife, including entanglements of marine life; and
                    (B) any effects on commercial and recreational 
                fishing.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretaries, to be allocated between the 
Secretaries as the Secretaries determine to be appropriate--
            (1) $3,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2024 and 2025 to 
        complete the preliminary report under subsection (b)(1);
            (2) $3,000,000 for fiscal year 2026, of which--
                    (A) $1,000,000 shall be used for the updated report 
                under subsection (b)(2); and
                    (B) $2,000,000 shall be used to promulgate and 
                implement regulations pursuant to subsection (c); and
            (3) $1,000,000 for fiscal year 2027 to complete the updated 
        report under subsection (b)(2).

                     TITLE VI--SUPPORTING FORESTRY

SEC. 601. COMMUNITY WOOD ENERGY AND WOOD INNOVATION PROGRAM.

    Section 9013 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
(7 U.S.C. 8113) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(1)(A)--
                    (A) in clause (ii), by striking ``and'' at the end;
                    (B) in clause (iii)(II), by striking the period at 
                the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(iv) involves services and equipment for 
                        the processing and distribution of woody 
                        biomass materials.'';
            (2) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) by striking ``make grants to cover'' 
                        and inserting the following: ``make grants--
                    ``(A) to cover'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (A) (as so 
                        redesignated), by striking the period at the 
                        end and inserting ``; and''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(B) for the processing and distribution of woody 
                biomass products.''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``or in the case 
                of processing and distribution of woody biomass 
                products for a school or hospital in a low-income 
                community,'' after ``community,''; and
            (3) in subsection (d), in the matter preceding paragraph 
        (1), by striking ``or innovative wood product facility 
        project'' and inserting ``, an innovative wood product facility 
        project, or a project for the processing and distribution of 
        woody biomass products''.

            TITLE VII--SUPPORTING UNITED STATES FLORICULTURE

SEC. 701. LIMITATION ON PROCUREMENT.

    (a) Short Title.--This section may be cited as the ``American Grown 
Act''.
    (b) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Covered agency.--The term ``covered agency'' means--
                    (A) the Executive Office of the President;
                    (B) the Department of Defense; and
                    (C) the Department of State.
            (2) Covered entity.--The term ``covered entity'' means--
                    (A) a foreign government; and
                    (B) an agent of a foreign principal (as defined 
                section 1 of the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 
                1938, as amended (22 U.S.C. 611)).
            (3) Cut flower.--The term ``cut flower'' means a flower 
        removed from a living plant for decorative use.
            (4) Cut green.--The term ``cut green'' means a green, 
        foliage, or branch removed from a living plant for decorative 
        use.
            (5) Qualifying area.--The term ``qualifying area'' means--
                    (A) a State;
                    (B) the District of Columbia;
                    (C) a territory or possession of the United States; 
                and
                    (D) an area subject to the jurisdiction of a 
                federally recognized Indian Tribe.
    (c) Requirement.--
            (1) In general.--Funds appropriated or otherwise available 
        to a covered agency may only be used for the procurement of a 
        cut flower or cut green if the cut flower or cut green is grown 
        in a qualifying area.
            (2) Applicability.--This subsection shall apply to a 
        procurement made or contracted for--
                    (A) in the United States; and
                    (B) on or after the date that is 1 year after the 
                date of enactment of this Act.
    (d) Gifts for Display.--
            (1) In general.--A covered agency may only accept a gift of 
        a cut flower or cut green that is not grown in a qualifying 
        area from a covered entity for the purpose of displaying the 
        cut flower or cut green if--
                    (A) the origin of the cut flower or cut green is 
                clearly displayed at the time of delivery; and
                    (B) at the time of delivery, the covered agency 
                procures an additional cut flower or cut green that is 
                grown in a qualifying area to display during the period 
                of display of the gift.
            (2) Requirement.--A covered agency that accepts a gift of a 
        cut flower or cut green from a covered entity under paragraph 
        (1) shall clearly display the origin of the cut flower or cut 
        green during the period of display of the cut flower or cut 
        green.

            TITLE VIII--IMPROVING TRIBAL SELF-DETERMINATION

SEC. 801. AGRICULTURAL SELF-DETERMINATION AND SELF-GOVERNANCE.

    (a) Self-Determination for Department of Agriculture Activities and 
Programs.--Title I of the Indian Self-Determination and Education 
Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5321 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end 
the following:

``SEC. 112. SELF-DETERMINATION FOR DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ACTIVITIES 
              AND PROGRAMS.

    ``(a) Agriculture Self-Determination Authorized.--The Secretary of 
Agriculture shall enter into self-determination contracts, in 
accordance with subsection (c), with Tribal organizations, on the 
request of any Indian Tribe, by Tribal resolution--
            ``(1) to plan, conduct, and administer any function, 
        service, or activity provided by the Forest Service or the 
        Natural Resources Conservation Service for the Indian Tribe;
            ``(2) to carry out the food distribution program on Indian 
        reservations established under section 4(b) of the Food and 
        Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2013(b)) for any individual or 
        household within the jurisdiction of the Indian Tribe; or
            ``(3) subject to subsection (b), to carry out the authority 
        of the Food Safety and Inspection Service under the Federal 
        Meat Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) and the 
        Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 (7 U.S.C. 1621 et seq.).
    ``(b) Food Safety and Inspection Service Contracts.--
            ``(1) In general.--Before requesting to enter into a self-
        determination contract described in subsection (a)(3), a Tribal 
        organization shall adopt, by Tribal resolution, a food and 
        agriculture code approved by the Secretary of Agriculture, 
        after which the Secretary of Agriculture shall exercise the 
        authority of the Secretary of Agriculture under Public Law 87-
        718 (7 U.S.C. 1633) with respect to the Indian Tribe governed 
        by that Tribal organization.
            ``(2) Rural water, waste disposal, and community facilities 
        loans and grants.--An Indian Tribe operating under a contract 
        described in subsection (a)(3) shall be eligible for grant and 
        loan programs under paragraphs (19) and (24) of section 306(a) 
        of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C. 
        1926(a)).
    ``(c) Self-Determination Contract.--A self-determination contract 
entered into under subsection (a) shall have the same terms and 
conditions, and be subject to the same procedures, regulations, and 
requirements, as a self-determination contract entered into under 
section 102, except that the Secretary of Agriculture and the 
Department of Agriculture shall be the appropriate Secretary and agency 
for purposes of a self-determination contract entered into under 
subsection (a).
    ``(d) Technical Assistance.--The Office of Self-Governance of the 
Bureau of Indian Affairs shall provide technical assistance with 
respect to self-determination contracts under subsection (a)--
            ``(1) to the Secretary of Agriculture; and
            ``(2) to Indian Tribes and Tribal organizations that 
        request that assistance.''.
    (b) Department of Agriculture Office of Self-Governance.--
            (1) Study.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall conduct a study to 
        determine the feasibility of a Tribal self-governance 
        demonstration project for appropriate programs, services, 
        functions, and activities of the Department of Agriculture.
            (2) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a 
        report detailing--
                    (A) the results of the study conducted under 
                paragraph (1); and
                    (B) a plan to establish an Office of Self-
                Governance in the Department of Agriculture to carry 
                out--
                            (i) the results of that study; and
                            (ii) the amendment made by subsection (a).
            (3) Consultation.--The Secretary shall develop the plan 
        described in paragraph (2)(B) in consultation with Indian 
        Tribes, the Office of Tribal Relations of the Department of 
        Agriculture, and the Tribal Advisory Committee established 
        under section 309(b) of the Federal Crop Insurance Reform and 
        Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 
        6921(b)).
            (4) Implementation.--Not later than 18 months after the 
        date on which the Secretary submits the report under paragraph 
        (2), the Secretary shall implement the plan described in the 
        report.

SEC. 802. BUY INDIAN ACT MODIFICATIONS.

    Section 23 of the Act of Act of June 25, 1910 (36 Stat. 861, 
chapter 431; 25 U.S.C. 47) (commonly known as the ``Buy Indian Act''), 
is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(3)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking the period at 
                the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(C) the Secretary of Agriculture.'';
            (2) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in paragraph (3), by striking ``and the 
                Department of Health and Human Services'' and inserting 
                ``, the Department of Health and Human Services, and 
                the Department of Agriculture''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (4), by striking ``and the Indian 
                Health Service'' and inserting ``, the Indian Health 
                Service, and the Department of Agriculture''; and
            (3) in subsection (d)(1), by striking ``Committee on Indian 
        Affairs'' and all that follows through ``House of 
        Representatives'' and inserting ``Committees on Indian Affairs 
        and Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate and the 
        Committees on Natural Resources and Agriculture of the House of 
        Representatives''.

SEC. 803. WATER SYSTEMS FOR ALASKA NATIVE VILLAGES AND RURAL VILLAGES.

    Section 306D(c) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act 
(7 U.S.C. 1926d(c)) is amended by inserting ``and the Alaska Native 
Tribal Health Consortium'' after ``State of Alaska''.
                                 <all>