[Congressional Bills 118th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 5229 Introduced in Senate (IS)]
<DOC>
118th CONGRESS
2d Session
S. 5229
To reorganize the Federal judiciary, and for other purposes.
_______________________________________________________________________
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
September 25, 2024
Mr. Wyden introduced the following bill; which was read twice and
referred to the Committee on the Judiciary
_______________________________________________________________________
A BILL
To reorganize the Federal judiciary, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ``Judicial Modernization and
Transparency Act''.
SEC. 2. SUPREME COURT.
(a) Number of Justices.--Section 1 of title 28, United States Code,
is amended--
(1) by striking ``eight'' and inserting ``14''; and
(2) by striking ``six'' and inserting ``8''.
(b) Appointments.--
(1) In general.--If the number of justices of the Supreme
Court of the United States is fewer than 15, the President
shall appoint, by and with the advice and consent of the
Senate, 1 individual to be a justice of the Supreme Court of
the United States within the first 120 days of the first and
third years of a Presidential term.
(2) Withdrawal or disapproval.--If the nomination of an
individual under this section is withdrawn or disapproved by
the Senate, the President shall appoint, by and with the advice
and consent of the Senate, 1 individual to be a justice of the
Supreme Court of the United States not later than 120 after the
date of such withdrawal or disapproval.
(3) Exclusive manner of appointment.--Except as provided
under paragraph (4), the President shall not appoint an
individual to be a justice of the Supreme Court of the United
States except as provided under this subsection.
(4) Vacancy.--If due to a permanent vacancy the total
number of justices of the Supreme Court of the United States is
fewer than 15, the President shall appoint, by and with the
advice and consent of the Senate, an individual to fill such
vacancy.
(5) Effective date of appointment.--
(A) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraph
(B), the term for justices appointed under this
subsection shall begin on July 1.
(B) Vacancy.--The term of an appointment under
paragraph (4) shall begin on the date on which the
appointment is made.
(c) Failure To Confirm Nominee.--If a committee of the Senate fails
to report the nomination of an individual nominated to serve as a
justice of the Supreme Court of the United States during the 180-day
period beginning on the date on which the nomination was referred to
the committee, such nomination shall be automatically discharged from
the committee and placed on the calendar.
(d) Requirement To Invalidate Act of Congress.--
(1) In general.--The Supreme Court of the United States may
invalidate an Act of Congress only with the concurrence of--
(A) at least \2/3\ of the voting justices; and
(B) at least a majority of the total number of
justices.
(2) Expiration of lower court relief.--Any relief ordered
by a lower court in a case seeking to invalidate an Act of
Congress shall expire on the date on which the Supreme Court of
the United States issues an opinion in that case.
(e) Consideration of Motions To Recuse.--Each justice of the
Supreme Court of the United States shall consider a motion to recuse
the justice from a particular case and shall make publicly available a
written opinion of the justice supporting the decision on whether to
recuse themselves from the case. Any justice may be recused from a case
upon the affirmative vote of \2/3\ of the justices of the Supreme Court
of the United States.
(f) Disclosure of Votes.--Each justice of the Supreme Court of the
United States shall publicly disclose how each justice voted for any
case within the appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court.
(g) Examination and Disclosure With Respect to Income Tax Returns
of Justices of the Supreme Court.--
(1) Audit.--Subchapter A of chapter 78 of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by redesignating section 7613
as section 7614 and by inserting after section 7612 the
following new section:
``SEC. 7613. EXAMINATION WITH RESPECT TO INCOME TAX RETURNS OF JUSTICES
OF THE SUPREME COURT.
``(a) In General.--As rapidly as practicable after the filing of
any applicable income tax return, the Secretary shall conduct an
examination to ascertain the correctness of such return and enforce the
requirements of this title with respect to the taxable year covered by
such return.
``(b) Reports.--
``(1) Initial report.--Not later than 90 days after the
filing of an applicable income tax return, the Secretary shall
disclose and make publicly available an initial report
regarding the examination with respect to such return. Such
report shall include--
``(A) the name of the taxpayer,
``(B) an identification of the subparagraph of
subsection (c)(1) which describes such return,
``(C) the date that such return was filed, and
``(D) the date on which the examination with
respect to such return commenced (or, if such
examination has not commenced as of the date of such
report, a detailed description of the reasons that such
examination has not commenced).
``(2) Periodic reports.--Not later than 180 days after the
disclosure of the report described in paragraph (1) with
respect to any applicable income tax return and not later than
180 days after the most recent disclosure of a report described
in this paragraph with respect to such return, the Secretary
shall disclose and make publicly available a periodic report
regarding the examination with respect to such return. Such
report shall include--
``(A) the information described in subparagraphs
(A) through (D) of paragraph (1),
``(B) a description of the status of the
examination, including a description of the portions of
the examination which have been completed, which are in
process, and which are anticipated to take place, and
``(C) an estimate of the time frame for the
completion of the examination, including an
identification of factors which could alter such time
frame, reasonable estimates of the likelihood of such
factors (taking into account the specific facts and
circumstances of the examination), and the likely
specific effects of such factors on such time frame.
Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, a periodic report shall
not be required under this paragraph with respect to any return
after the date on which a final report is disclosed under
paragraph (3) with respect to such return.
``(3) Final report.--Not later than 90 days after the
completion of the examination described in subsection (a) with
respect to any applicable income tax return, the Secretary
shall disclose and make publicly available a final report
regarding such examination. Such report shall include--
``(A) the information described in subparagraphs
(A) through (C) of paragraph (1),
``(B) the date on which the examination with
respect to such return was completed,
``(C) a list of the audit materials (as defined in
section 6103(q)(2)) with respect to such examination,
and
``(D) a description (including the amount) of each
proposed adjustment, adjustment, and controversy with
respect to such examination together with a description
of how such proposed adjustment or controversy was
resolved (or a statement that such proposed adjustment
or controversy was not resolved, as the case may be).
For purposes of this paragraph, an examination shall be treated
as complete on the date that the Secretary provides the
taxpayer with a notice of deficiency, or any closing document
referred to in section 6103(q)(2)(A)(v), with respect to such
examination.
``(4) Extension of due date report.--If a request is made
for an extension of the due date for filing any applicable
income tax return, the Secretary shall, not later than 90 days
after such request is granted or denied, disclose and make
publicly available an extension of due date report with respect
to return. Such report shall include--
``(A) the information described in subparagraphs
(A) and (B) of paragraph (1),
``(B) a statement that an extension of the due date
for the filing of such return has been requested,
``(C) the date that such request was received,
``(D) a statement of whether such request has been
granted or denied, and
``(E) the due date of such return (including any
extensions).
``(5) Treatment of failure to file.--In the case of a
failure to file any applicable income tax return before the
close of the 60-day period beginning with the date prescribed
for filing of such return--
``(A) the Secretary shall conduct the examination
described in subsection (a) with respect to the taxable
year covered by the return to which such failure
relates,
``(B) reports made pursuant to this paragraph shall
include a statement that such report is with respect to
a return which the taxpayer failed to file, and
``(C) this section and section 6103(q) shall
otherwise apply to such failure in the same manner as
if a return were filed at the close of such period.
The application of this paragraph with respect to any failure
to file any applicable income tax return shall not prevent the
application of this section with respect to such return at such
time as such return may be filed.
``(6) Public availability.--For purposes of this
subsection, a document shall not be treated as having been made
publicly available unless made available on the Internet.
``(c) Applicable Income Tax Return.--For purposes of this section--
``(1) In general.--The term `applicable income tax return'
means any relevant income tax return of--
``(A) a justice of the Supreme Court,
``(B) an individual who is married (within the
meaning of section 7703(a)) to an individual described
in subparagraph (A) for the taxable year to which such
return relates,
``(C) any corporation or partnership which is
controlled by any individual described in subparagraph
(A) or (B) at any time during the taxable year to which
such return relates,
``(D) the estate of any person described in (A) or
(B), or any estate with respect to which any person
described in subparagraph (A), (B), or (C) is an
executor or beneficiary at any time during the taxable
year to which such return relates, and
``(E) any trust with respect to which any person
described in subparagraph (A), (B), (C), or (D) is a
grantor, fiduciary, or beneficiary, or for which
another trust described in this subparagraph is a
grantor or beneficiary, at any time during the taxable
year to which such return relates.
Such term shall include any schedule, attachment, or other
document filed with such return.
``(2) Relevant income tax return.--The term `relevant
income tax return' means, with respect to any justice of the
Supreme Court, any income tax return if--
``(A) any portion of the taxable year to which such
return relates is during the period that such
individual is a justice of the Supreme Court who is not
retired,
``(B) the due date for such return (including any
extensions) is during such period, or
``(C) such return is filed during such period, and
``(3) Control.--For purposes of paragraph (1)(C)--
``(A) In general.--Except as otherwise provided in
this paragraph, control shall be determined under the
rules of paragraphs (2) and (3) of section 6038(e)
(determined without regard to subparagraphs (A) and (B)
of such paragraph (2) and without regard to
subparagraph (C) of paragraph (3) thereof).
``(B) Restriction on family attribution.--
``(i) In general.--Except as provided in
clause (ii), for purposes of applying
subparagraph (A)--
``(I) section 318 shall be applied
without regard to subsection
(a)(1)(A)(ii) thereof, and
``(II) section 267(c) shall be
applied by treating the family of an
individual as including only such
individual's spouse (in lieu of the
application of paragraph (4) thereof).
``(ii) Exception for recent transfer to
family members.--For purposes of determining
whether any corporation or partnership is
controlled by an individual under paragraph
(1)(C) for any taxable year, clause (i) shall
not apply if such corporation or partnership
was controlled by such individual (after
application of clause (i)) at any time during
the 4 immediately preceding taxable years.
``(d) Application to Amended Returns.--For purposes of this section
and section 6103(q), any amendment or supplement to a return of tax
shall be treated as a separate return of tax and the determination of
when such amendment or supplement is filed, and whether such amendment
or supplement is a relevant income tax return, shall be made without
regard to the underlying return.''.
(2) Disclosure.--Section 6103 of such Code is amended by
redesignating subsection (q) as subsection (r) and by inserting
after subsection (p) the following new subsection:
``(q) Disclosure With Respect to Income Tax Returns of Justices of
the Supreme Court.--
``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall disclose and make
publicly available (within the meaning of section 7613(b))--
``(A) each applicable income tax return (as defined
in section 7613(c)),
``(B) each report described in section 7613(b), and
``(C) any audit materials with respect a return
described in subparagraph (A).
``(2) Audit materials.--The term `audit materials' means,
with respect to any return:
``(A) Any of the following which are provided by
the Secretary to the taxpayer (or any designee of the
taxpayer):
``(i) Any written communication which
identifies such return as being subject to
examination.
``(ii) Any written communication which
proposes the adjustment of any item on such
return, any report by an examiner related to
such proposed adjustment, and any supervisory
approval of any penalty proposed as part of
such adjustment.
``(iii) Any memorandum or report of the
Internal Revenue Service Independent Office of
Appeals with respect to such return, and any
denial of any request described in subparagraph
(B).
``(iv) Any notice of deficiency with
respect to such return.
``(v) Any closing documents with respect to
the examination of such return, including any
closing agreement or no change letter.
``(B) Any request for referral to the Internal
Revenue Service Independent Office of Appeals of any
controversy with respect to such return.
``(C) Any petition filed with the Tax Court for a
redetermination of any deficiency referred to in
subparagraph (A)(iv).
``(3) Exception for certain identity information.--The
information disclosed and made publicly available under
paragraph (1) shall not include any identification number of
any person (including any social security number), any
financial account number, the name of any individual who has
not attained age 18 (as of the close of the taxable year to
which the return relates), the name of any employee of the
Department of the Treasury, or any address (other than the city
and State in which such address is located).
``(4) Timing of disclosures.--Any information required to
be disclosed under paragraph (1) shall be disclosed and made
publicly available not later than--
``(A) in the case of any income tax return referred
to in paragraph (1)(A), 90 days after the date that
such return is filed,
``(B) in the case of any report referred to in
paragraph (1)(B), the deadline specified in section
7613(b) for disclosing such report, and
``(C) in the case of the audit materials referred
to in paragraph (1)(C), 90 days after the completion of
the examination (within the meaning of section
7613(b)(3)) with respect to the return to which such
audit materials relate.''.
(3) Clerical amendment.--Subchapter A of chapter 78 of such
Code is amended by redesignating the item relating to section
7613 as an item relating to section 7614 and by inserting after
the item relating to section 7612 the following new item:
``Sec. 7613. Examination with respect to income tax returns of justices
of the Supreme Court.''.
(4) Effective date.--The amendments made by this paragraph
shall apply to returns, amendments, and supplements filed (and
failures to file returns which occur) after the date of the
enactment of this Act (and to reports and audit materials with
respect to such returns, amendments, supplements, and
failures).
(h) Additional Disclosure of Tax Returns by Justices of the Supreme
Court and Nominees to the Supreme Court.--
(1) In general.--
(A) Disclosure requirement.--Chapter 131 of title
5, United States Code, is amended--
(i) by inserting after section 13104 the
following:
``Sec. 13104A. Disclosure of tax returns
``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
``(1) Applicable income tax return.--
``(A) In general.--The term `applicable income tax
return' means, with respect to any taxable year, any
return (within the meaning of section 6103(b) of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986) relating to Federal
income taxes of--
``(i) a covered candidate or covered
individual;
``(ii) an individual who is married (within
the meaning of section 7703(a) of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986) to a covered candidate or
covered individual for the taxable year;
``(iii) any corporation or partnership that
was controlled (as determined under section
7613(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of
1986) by an individual described in clause (i)
or (ii) at any time during the taxable year;
``(iv) the estate of any person described
in clause (i) or (ii) or any estate with
respect to which any person described in clause
(i), (ii), or (iii) is an executor or
beneficiary at any time during the taxable
year; and
``(v) any trust with respect to which any
person described in clause (i), (ii), (iii), or
(iv) is a grantor, fiduciary, or beneficiary,
or for which another trust described in this
clause is a grantor or beneficiary, at any time
during the taxable year.
``(B) Inclusion of certain documents.--Such term
shall include any schedule, attachment, or other
document filed with such return.
``(2) Covered candidate.--The term `covered candidate'
means an individual who is nominated to be a justice of the
Supreme Court of the United States.
``(3) Covered individual.--The term `covered individual'
means--
``(A) a justice of the Supreme Court of the United
States required to file a report under subsection (a)
or (d) of section 13103; or
``(B) an individual who occupies the office of
justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
required to file a report under section 13103(e).
``(b) Disclosure.--
``(1) Covered individuals.--
``(A) In general.--In addition to the information
described in subsections (a), (b), (e), and (f) of
section 13104, a covered individual shall include in
each report required to be filed under this title a
copy of all applicable income tax returns for the 3
most recent taxable years for which a return has been
filed with the Internal Revenue Service as of the date
on which the report is filed.
``(B) Failure to disclose.--If an income tax return
is not disclosed under subparagraph (A), the Director
of the Administrative Office of the United States
Courts shall submit to the Secretary of the Treasury a
request that the Secretary of the Treasury provide the
Director of the Administrative Office of the United
States Courts with a copy of the income tax return.
``(C) Publicly available.--Each income tax return
submitted under this paragraph shall be filed with the
Director of the Administrative Office of the United
States Courts and made publicly available in the same
manner as the information described in subsections (a)
and (b) of section 13104.
``(D) Redaction of certain information.--Before
making any income tax return submitted under this
paragraph available to the public, the Judicial
Conference shall redact such information as the
Judicial Conference, in consultation with the Secretary
of the Treasury (or a delegate of the Secretary),
determines appropriate.
``(2) Covered candidates.--
``(A) Nominees to the supreme court of the united
states.--Not later than 15 days after the date on which
a covered candidate is nominated, the covered candidate
shall file with the Judicial Conference a copy of the
applicable income tax returns for the 3 most recent
taxable years for which a return has been filed with
the Internal Revenue Service.
``(B) Failure to disclose.--If an applicable income
tax return is not disclosed under subparagraph (A), the
Judicial Conference shall submit to the Secretary of
the Treasury a request that the Secretary of the
Treasury provide the Judicial Conference with the
applicable income tax return.
``(C) Publicly available.--Each applicable income
tax return submitted under this paragraph shall be
filed with the Judicial Conference and made publicly
available in the same manner as the information
described in section 13104(b).
``(D) Redaction of certain information.--Before
making any applicable income tax return submitted under
this paragraph available to the public, the Judicial
Conference shall redact such information as the
Judicial Conference, in consultation with the Secretary
of the Treasury (or a delegate of the Secretary),
determines appropriate.
``(3) Special rule with respect to returns disclosed under
other authority.--For purposes of this subsection, in the case
of any applicable income tax return that has been made publicly
available pursuant to section 6103(q) of the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986, the requirements of paragraphs (1)(A) and (2)(A)
shall be satisfied with respect to such return if the covered
individual or covered candidate (as the case may be) provides
the location on the Internet where such disclosure has been
made publicly available.''; and
(ii) in section 13106--
(I) in subsection (a)--
(aa) in paragraph (1), in
the first sentence, by
inserting ``or any individual
who knowingly and willfully
falsifies or who knowingly and
willfully fails to file an
applicable income tax return
that such individual is
required to disclose pursuant
to section 13104A'' before the
period; and
(bb) in paragraph (2)(A)--
(AA) in clause (i),
by inserting ``or
falsify any applicable
income tax return that
such person is required
to disclose under
section 13104A of this
title'' before the
semicolon; and
(BB) in clause
(ii), by inserting ``or
fail to file any
applicable income tax
return that such person
is required to disclose
under section 13104A of
this title'' before the
period;
(II) in subsection (b), in the
first sentence, by inserting ``or
willfully failed to file or has
willfully falsified an applicable
income tax return required to be
disclosed under section 13104A of this
title'' before the period;
(III) in subsection (c), by
inserting ``or failing to file or
falsifying an applicable income tax
return required to be disclosed under
section 13104A'' before the period; and
(IV) in subsection (d)(1)--
(aa) in the matter
preceding subparagraph (A), by
inserting ``or files an
applicable income tax return
required to be disclosed under
section 13104A'' after
``subchapter''; and
(bb) in subparagraph (A),
by inserting ``or such
applicable income tax return,
as applicable,'' after
``report''.
(B) Special rule for individuals who are covered
candidates on date of enactment.--In the case of any
individual who is a covered candidate (as defined in
section 13104A of title 5, United States Code, as added
by paragraph (1)) on the date of the enactment of this
Act, section 13104A(b)(2)(A) of such title shall be
applied by substituting ``30 days after the date of the
enactment of the Judicial Modernization and
Transparency Act'' for ``15 days after the date on
which a covered candidate is nominated''.
(C) Clerical amendment.--The table of sections for
chapter 131 of title 5, United States Code, is amended
by adding at the end the following:
``13104A. Disclosure of tax returns.''.
(2) Authority to disclose information.--
(A) In general.--Section 6103(l) of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end
the following:
``(23) Disclosure of return information of justices of the
supreme court and nominees to the supreme court.--
``(A) Disclosure of returns of justices of the
supreme court.--
``(i) In general.--The Secretary shall,
upon written request from the Administrative
Office of the United States Courts pursuant to
section 13104A(b)(1)(B) of title 5, United
States Code, provide to officers and employees
of the Judicial Conference a copy of each
applicable income tax return with respect to
any covered individual who has been identified
in such request.
``(ii) Disclosure to public.--The Director
of the Administrative Office of the United
States Courts may disclose to the public any
applicable income tax return required to be
submitted to the Director pursuant to section
13104A(b)(1) of title 5, United States Code.
``(B) Disclosure of returns of nominees to the
supreme court.--
``(i) In general.--The Secretary shall,
upon written request from the Judicial
Conference, as applicable pursuant to section
13104A(b)(2)(B) of title 5, United States Code,
provide to officers and employees of the
requesting entity a copy of each applicable
income tax return with respect to any covered
candidate who has been identified in such
request.
``(ii) Disclosure to public.--The Judicial
Conference may disclose to the public any
applicable income tax return required to be
filed with the such agency pursuant to section
13104A(b)(2) of title 5, United States Code.
``(C) Definitions.--For purposes of this paragraph,
the terms `applicable income tax return', `covered
individual', and `covered candidate' have the meanings
given those terms in section 13104A of title 5, United
States Code.''.
(B) Conforming amendments.--Section 6103(p)(4) of
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, in the matter
preceding subparagraph (A) and in subparagraph (F)(ii),
is amended by striking ``or (22)'' and inserting
``(22), or (23)'' each place it appears.
SEC. 3. COURTS OF APPEALS.
(a) In General.--Section 41 of title 28, United States Code, is
amended--
(1) in the matter preceding the table, by striking
``thirteen'' and inserting ``15''; and
(2) in the table--
(A) by striking the item relating to the fifth
circuit and inserting the following:
``Fifth........................
Arkansas, Louisiana,
Mississippi,
Tennessee.'';
(B) by striking the item relating to the sixth
circuit and inserting the following:
``Sixth........................
Kentucky, Michigan, Ohio.'';
(C) by striking the item relating to the eighth
circuit and inserting the following:
``Eighth.......................
Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri,
Nebraska, North Dakota,
South Dakota.'';
(D) by striking the item relating to the ninth
circuit and inserting the following:
``Ninth........................
California, Guam, Hawaii,
Northern Mariana
Islands.'';
(E) by striking the item relating to the tenth
circuit and inserting the following:
``Tenth........................
Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma,
Utah, Wyoming.'';
(F) by inserting after the item relating to the
11th circuit the following:
``Twelfth......................
Arizona, New Mexico, Texas.
Thirteenth.....................
Alaska, Idaho, Montana, Nevada,
Oregon, Washington.''.
(b) Supreme Court Justices as Circuit Justices.--Section 42 of
title 28, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in the first undesignated paragraph, by striking
``The'' and inserting ``(a) The'';
(2) in the second undesignated paragraph--
(A) by striking ``A'' and inserting ``(b) A''; and
(B) by striking ``more than one circuit, and two or
more justices may be assigned to the same circuit'' and
inserting ``1 circuit''; and
(3) by adding at the end the following:
``(c) A circuit justice may--
``(1) prioritize applications to justices;
``(2) participate in committees to prepare for the Judicial
Conference of the United States;
``(3) attend the Judicial Conference of the United States;
and
``(4) provide advice on the removal of a circuit judge in
the circuit to which the circuit justice is assigned.''.
(c) Appointment of Circuit Judges.--In section 44(a) of title 28,
United States Code, strike the table and insert the following:
``Circuits Number of judges
District of Columbia................. 11
First................................ 9
Second............................... 17
Third................................ 18
Fourth............................... 21
Fifth................................ 16
Sixth................................ 18
Seventh.............................. 16
Eighth............................... 12
Ninth................................ 24
Tenth................................ 13
Eleventh............................. 19
Twelfth.............................. 22
Thirteenth........................... 13
Federal.............................. 12.''.
(d) Supermajority Requirement.--A court of appeals of the United
States may invalidate an Act of Congress only with the concurrence of--
(1) in the case of a panel of judges, every judge; and
(2) in the case of a rehearing en banc, at least \2/3\ of
the voting judges.
SEC. 4. DISTRICT COURTS.
(a) In General.--The President shall appoint, by and with the
advice and consent of the Senate--
(1) 1 additional district judge for the northern district
of Alabama;
(2) 2 additional district judges for the district of
Arizona;
(3) 1 additional district judge for the eastern district of
Arkansas;
(4) 7 additional district judges for the central district
of California;
(5) 2 additional district judges for the eastern district
of California;
(6) 3 additional district judges for the northern district
of California;
(7) 1 additional district judge for the southern district
of California;
(8) 2 additional district judges for the district of
Colorado;
(9) 1 additional district judge for the district of
Connecticut;
(10) 4 additional district judges for the middle district
of Florida;
(11) 1 additional district judge for the northern district
of Florida;
(12) 2 additional district judges for the southern district
of Florida;
(13) 1 additional district judge for the middle district of
Georgia;
(14) 2 additional district judges for the northern district
of Georgia;
(15) 1 additional district judge for the district of Idaho;
(16) 1 additional district judge for the central district
of Illinois;
(17) 3 additional district judges for the northern district
of Illinois;
(18) 1 additional district judge for the northern district
of Indiana;
(19) 1 additional district judge for the southern district
of Indiana;
(20) 1 additional district judge for the southern district
of Iowa;
(21) 1 additional district judge for the district of
Kansas;
(22) 1 additional district judge for the eastern district
of Kentucky;
(23) 1 additional district judge for the western district
of Kentucky;
(24) 1 additional district judge for the eastern district
of Louisiana;
(25) 1 additional district judge for the western district
of Louisiana;
(26) 2 additional district judges for the district of
Maryland;
(27) 2 additional district judges for the district of
Massachusetts;
(28) 2 additional district judges for the eastern district
of Michigan;
(29) 1 additional district judge for the western district
of Michigan;
(30) 2 additional district judges for the district of
Minnesota;
(31) 1 additional district judge for the southern district
of Mississippi;
(32) 1 additional district judge for the eastern district
of Missouri;
(33) 1 additional district judge for the western district
of Missouri;
(34) 1 additional district judge for the district of
Nebraska;
(35) 1 additional judge for the district of Nevada;
(36) 3 additional district judges for the district of New
Jersey;
(37) 1 additional district judge for the district of New
Mexico;
(38) 2 additional district judges for the eastern district
of New York;
(39) 1 additional district judge for the northern district
of New York;
(40) 2 additional district judge for the southern district
of New York;
(41) 1 additional district judge for the western district
of New York;
(42) 1 additional district judge for the eastern district
of North Carolina;
(43) 1 additional district judge for the middle district of
North Carolina;
(44) 1 additional district judge for the western district
of North Carolina;
(45) 2 additional district judges for the northern district
of Ohio;
(46) 2 additional district judges for the southern district
of Ohio;
(47) 1 additional district judge for the western district
of Oklahoma;
(48) 1 additional district judge for the district of
Oregon;
(49) 2 additional district judges for the eastern district
of Pennsylvania;
(50) 1 additional district judge for the middle district of
Pennsylvania;
(51) 1 additional district judge for the western district
of Pennsylvania;
(52) 1 additional district judge for the district of Puerto
Rico;
(53) 2 additional district judges for the district of South
Carolina;
(54) 1 additional district judge for the eastern district
of Tennessee;
(55) 1 additional district judge for the middle district of
Tennessee;
(56) 1 additional district judge for the eastern district
of Texas;
(57) 2 additional district judges for the northern district
of Texas;
(58) 3 additional district judges for the southern district
of Texas;
(59) 2 additional district judges for the western district
of Texas;
(60) 1 additional district judge for the district of Utah;
(61) 2 additional district judges for the eastern district
of Virginia;
(62) 1 additional district judge for the western district
of Virginia;
(63) 2 additional district judges for the western district
of Washington;
(64) 1 additional district judge for the eastern district
of Wisconsin; and
(65) 1 additional district judge for the western district
of Wisconsin.
(b) Tables.--Section 133(a) of title 28, United States Code, is
amended--
(1) by striking the items relating to Alabama and inserting
the following:
``Alabama:
Northern............................. 8
Middle............................... 3
Southern............................. 3'';
(2) by striking the item relating to Arizona and inserting
the following:
``Arizona 14'';
(3) by striking the items relating to Arkansas and
inserting the following:
``Arkansas:
Eastern.............................. 6
Western.............................. 3'';
(4) by striking the items relating to California and
inserting the following:
``California:
Northern............................. 17
Eastern.............................. 8
Central.............................. 34
Southern............................. 14'';
(5) by striking the item relating to Colorado and inserting
the following:
``Colorado 9'';
(6) by striking the item relating to Connecticut and
inserting the following:
``Connecticut 9'';
(7) by striking the items relating to Florida and inserting
the following:
``Florida:
Northern............................. 5
Middle............................... 19
Southern............................. 19'';
(8) by striking the items relating to Georgia and inserting
the following:
``Georgia:
Northern............................. 13
Middle............................... 5
Southern............................. 3'';
(9) by striking the item relating to Idaho and inserting
the following:
``Idaho 3'';
(10) by striking the items relating to Illinois and
inserting the following:
``Illinois:
Northern............................. 25
Central.............................. 5
Southern............................. 4'';
(11) by striking the items relating to Indiana and
inserting the following:
``Indiana:
Northern............................. 6
Southern............................. 6'';
(12) by striking the items relating to Iowa and inserting
the following:
``Iowa:
Northern............................. 2
Southern............................. 4'';
(13) by striking the item relating to Kansas and inserting
the following:
``Kansas 6'';
(14) by striking the items relating to Kentucky and
inserting the following:
``Kentucky:
Eastern.............................. 6
Western.............................. 5'';
(15) by striking the items relating to Louisiana and
inserting the following:
``Louisiana:
Eastern.............................. 12
Middle............................... 4
Western.............................. 8'';
(16) by striking the item relating to Maryland and
inserting the following:
``Maryland 12'';
(17) by striking the item relating to Massachusetts and
inserting the following:
``Massachusetts 15'';
(18) by striking the items relating to Michigan and
inserting the following:
``Michigan:
Eastern.............................. 17
Western.............................. 5'';
(19) by striking the item relating to Minnesota and
inserting the following:
``Minnesota 8'';
(20) by striking the items relating to Mississippi and
inserting the following:
``Mississippi:
Northern............................. 3
Southern............................. 7'';
(21) by striking the items relating to Missouri and
inserting the following:
``Missouri:
Eastern.............................. 7
Western.............................. 6'';
(22) by striking the item relating to Nebraska and
inserting the following:
``Nebraska 4'';
(23) by striking the item relating to the district of
Nevada and inserting the following:
``Nevada 8'';
(24) by striking the item relating to the district of New
Jersey and inserting the following:
``New Jersey 20'';
(25) by striking the item relating to New Mexico and
inserting the following:
``New Mexico 7'';
(26) by striking the items relating to New York and
inserting the following:
``New York:
Northern............................. 6
Southern............................. 30
Eastern.............................. 17
Western.............................. 5'';
(27) by striking the items relating to North Carolina and
inserting the following:
``North Carolina:
Eastern.............................. 5
Middle............................... 5
Western.............................. 5'';
(28) by striking the items relating to Ohio and inserting
the following:
``Ohio:
Northern............................. 13
Southern............................. 10'';
(29) by striking the items relating to Oklahoma and
inserting the following:
``Oklahoma:
Northern............................. 3
Eastern.............................. 1
Western.............................. 7
Northern, Eastern, Western........... 1'';
(30) by striking the item relating to Oregon and inserting
the following:
``Oregon 7'';
(31) by striking the items relating to Pennsylvania and
inserting the following:
``Pennsylvania:
Eastern.............................. 24
Middle............................... 7
Western.............................. 11'';
(32) by striking the item relating to Puerto Rico and
inserting the following:
``Puerto Rico 8'';
(33) by striking the item relating to South Carolina and
inserting the following:
``South Carolina 12'';
(34) by striking the items relating to Tennessee and
inserting the following:
``Tennessee:
Eastern.............................. 6
Middle............................... 5
Western.............................. 5'';
(35) by striking the items relating to Texas and inserting
the following:
``Texas:
Northern............................. 14
Southern............................. 22
Eastern.............................. 8
Western.............................. 15'';
(36) by striking the item relating to Utah and inserting
the following:
``Utah 6'';
(37) by striking the items relating to Virginia and
inserting the following:
``Virginia:
Eastern.............................. 13
Western.............................. 5'';
(38) by striking the items relating to Washington and
inserting the following:
``Washington:
Eastern.............................. 4
Western.............................. 8''; and
(39) by striking the items relating to Wisconsin and
inserting the following:
``Wisconsin:
Eastern.............................. 6
Western.............................. 3''.
<all>