[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 3561 Introduced in House (IH)]

<DOC>






119th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                H. R. 3561

   To establish a National Defense Executive Reserve, and for other 
                               purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                              May 21, 2025

 Mr. Nunn of Iowa (for himself and Mr. Himes) introduced the following 
    bill; which was referred to the Committee on Financial Services

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
   To establish a National Defense Executive Reserve, and for other 
                               purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Federal Overhaul of Reserve Command 
Executive Modernization Act'' or the ``FORCE Act''.

SEC. 2. NATIONAL DEFENSE EXECUTIVE RESERVE.

    (a) In General.--Title VII of the Defense Production Act of 1950 
(50 U.S.C. 4551 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 711 the 
following:

``SEC. 712. NATIONAL DEFENSE EXECUTIVE RESERVE.

    ``(a) Establishment.--The President shall establish a National 
Defense Executive Reserve (in this section referred to as the 
`Reserve').
    ``(b) Purpose.--The purpose of the Reserve shall be to--
            ``(1) improve the preparedness of the Federal Government 
        for national defense emergencies by allowing private persons 
        with unique expertise to volunteer, be trained for and 
        temporarily employed in Federal positions within any of the 
        Federal agencies that has established a Reserve unit under 
        subsection (c) that may be necessary during an national defense 
        emergency;
            ``(2) efficiently augment the capabilities of the Federal 
        Government with these private persons as required during 
        periods of national defense emergency when activated by the 
        President;
            ``(3) provide a cost-efficient way of expanding Federal 
        Government capacity for the management of future national 
        defense emergencies without needing to dramatically expand the 
        number of full-time Federal employees; and
            ``(4) enable the appropriate controls and oversight to be 
        established by the Federal Government in advance of the 
        activation of the Reserve to avoid real or perceived conflicts 
        of interest or other harms created by the temporary employment 
        of private persons who volunteer to be temporarily employed by 
        the Reserve.
    ``(c) Reserve Units.--
            ``(1) In general.--The President shall require the heads of 
        each of the following agencies to establish a unit of the 
        Reserve within the applicable agency:
                    ``(A) The Department of Commerce.
                    ``(B) The Department of Defense.
                    ``(C) The Department of Homeland Security.
                    ``(D) Such other agencies as the President 
                determines appropriate.
            ``(2) Deadline.--The units of the Reserve within the 
        agencies described under subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C) shall 
        be established not later than 180 days after the issuance of 
        the final rules required under subsection (f).
    ``(d) Activation.--The President may only activate a unit of the 
Reserve--
            ``(1) on non-delegable basis;
            ``(2) during a national emergency declared by the President 
        under the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.) 
        with respect to which the President has specified, as described 
        under section 301 of such Act, that the President may activate 
        the Reserve pursuant to the authorities under this section; and
            ``(3) upon a public determination by the President that the 
        activation is necessary to support the national defense.
    ``(e) Training.--The President may, without activating the Reserve, 
allow for periodic training and exercises to prepare the Reserve for 
duty during an activation.
    ``(f) Rulemaking.--Not later than 270 days after the date of 
enactment of this section, the Director of the Office of Personnel 
Management, in consultation with the Secretary of Commerce, the 
Secretary of Defense, and the Secretary of Homeland Security, shall 
issue rules, in accordance with section 553 of title 5, United States 
Code, to provide--
            ``(1) instruction on--
                    ``(A) criteria for determining the number of 
                positions in and organization of Reserve units;
                    ``(B) criteria for determining the appropriate 
                level of seniority and job classifications of Reserve 
                positions;
                    ``(C) the advertisement of the Reserve to the 
                public to generate interest in volunteers;
                    ``(D) the selection of individuals for the Reserve 
                and the job assignment process;
                    ``(E) the appointment authorities to be used by the 
                head of an agency during an activation of the 
                applicable Reserve unit;
                    ``(F) the appropriate levels of compensation for 
                private individuals for service in the Reserve, 
                dependent on the qualifications and expected roles of 
                the individuals;
                    ``(G) the appropriate levels of compensation for 
                private individuals for service in the Reserve for 
                additional expenses, such as travel and accommodation, 
                to fulfill the responsibilities in the Reserve, 
                including during training and exercise;
                    ``(H) additional incentives to be provided to 
                private individuals to encourage participation in the 
                Reserve;
                    ``(I) whether and how to issue security clearances 
                to individuals selected to serve in the Reserve, both 
                prior to and during activation;
                    ``(J) the frequency and content of training and 
                exercises for the Reserve;
                    ``(K) the appropriate interaction between permanent 
                Government employees and individuals in the Reserve 
                during training, exercises, and activations of the 
                Reserve;
                    ``(L) the appointment of permanent Government 
                employees to manage the Reserve for each agency with a 
                Reserve unit, both prior to and during activation;
                    ``(M) all other matters necessary to effectively 
                manage the Reserve, as determined by the Director of 
                the Office of Personnel Management; and
            ``(2) recommendations and considerations for the President 
        on selective activation of the Reserve.
    ``(g) Additional Guidance.--The Director of the Office of Personnel 
Management may issue any additional internal guidance as the Director 
of the Office of Personnel determines is necessary to supplement the 
rules issued under subsection (f).
    ``(h) Employment Protection.--For purposes of chapter 43 of title 
38, United States Code, an individual absent from a position of 
employment due to an appointment into service in the Reserve shall be 
subject to the same employment and reemployment protections as are 
provided under such chapter for an individual absent from a position of 
employment due to an appointment into service in the Federal Emergency 
Management Agency as intermittent personnel under section 306(b)(1) of 
the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act.''.
    (b) Funding.--Section 304(c) of the Defense Production Act of 1950 
(50 U.S.C. 4534(c)) is amended by inserting ``and section 712'' after 
``this title''.
    (c) Conforming Amendment.--Section 710 of the Defense Production 
Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 4560) is amended--
            (1) by striking subsection (e); and
            (2) by redesignating subsections (f) and (g) as subsections 
        (e) and (f), respectively.

SEC. 3. IMPROVING THE USE OF VOLUNTARY AGREEMENTS.

    (a) In General.--Section 708 of the Defense Production Act of 1950 
(50 U.S.C. 4558) is amended--
            (1) by striking subsection (c)(2) and inserting the 
        following: ``The authority granted to the President in 
        paragraph (1) and subsection (d) may be delegated by him to the 
        head of any Federal agency to which the President has delegated 
        authority under this Act.'';
            (2) by striking subsection (c)(3);
            (3) in subsection (d)(2), by striking ``and the Federal 
        Trade Commission.'';
            (4) by striking subsection (e) and inserting the following:
    ``(e) Rulemaking Relating to Voluntary Agreements.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary of Commerce issue rules, 
        after approval of the Attorney General, in accordance with 
        section 553 of title 5, United States Code, that incorporate 
        standards and procedures by which voluntary agreements and 
        plans of action may be developed and carried out.
            ``(2) Publication requirement.--Notwithstanding section 553 
        of title 5, United States Code, the Secretary of Commerce shall 
        publish any rule issued under paragraph (1) in the Federal 
        Register not less than 30 days before the effective date of 
        such rule.''.
            (5) in subsection (f)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)(B)--
                            (i) striking by ``(after consultation with 
                        the Chairman of the Federal Trade 
                        Commission)''; and
                            (ii) striking by ``and publishes such a 
                        finding in the Federal Register''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``(after 
                consultation with the Chairman of the Federal Trade 
                Commission)'';
            (6) in subsection (g), by striking ``and the Chairman of 
        the Federal Trade Commission'' and inserting ``and the 
        Secretary of Commerce'';
            (7) in subsection (h)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (2), by striking ``and the 
                Chairman of the Federal Trade Commission'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (3), by striking ``, or the 
                Chairman of the Federal Trade Commission'' in both 
                places it appears;
                    (C) in subparagraph (4), by striking ``and the 
                Chairman of the Federal Trade Commission'';
                    (D) by striking paragraphs (6), (7), (8), (10), and 
                (11) and redesignating paragraph (9) as paragraph (6);
                    (E) in subparagraph (6)(A), as so redesignated, by 
                striking ``the Chairman of the Federal Trade Commission 
                and''; and
                    (F) in subparagraph (6)(B), as so redesignated, by 
                striking ``and the Chairman of the Federal Trade 
                Commission''.
            (8) by striking subsection (i) and inserting the following:
    ``(i) Rules.--The Attorney General shall, not later than 270 days 
after the date of the enactment of this subsection, issue a rule, in 
accordance with section 553 of title 5, United States Code, that 
establishes how the Attorney General shall carry out the 
responsibilities of the Attorney General under this section in a manner 
that maintains a proper balance between providing for the national 
defense and protecting competition and preventing anticompetitive 
practices and effects from the creation and implementation of voluntary 
agreements and their plans of action.''; and
            (9) in subsection (k)--
                    (A) by striking ``and the Federal Trade 
                Commission''; and
                    (B) by striking ``(after consultation with the 
                Federal Trade Commission)''; and
            (10) in subsection (m)--
                    (A) by striking ``(d)(2),''; and
                    (B) by striking ``(7), and (8),''.
    (b) Required Development of Voluntary Agreement.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than the later of the date that 
        is 18 months after the date of the enactment of this Act and 
        the date on which the Attorney General issues a rule under 
        Section 708(i) of the Defense Production Act of 1950, the 
        President shall develop a voluntary agreement under section 708 
        of the Defense Production Act.
            (2) Requirements.--The voluntary agreement entered by the 
        President under paragraph (1) shall--
                    (A) address a current critical national defense 
                issue, such as--
                            (i) the need for a plan of action to 
                        respond to a catastrophic cyber attack on a 
                        sector of critical infrastructure, as defined 
                        in section 5195c(e) of title 42, United States 
                        Code, including how to restore that sector as 
                        quickly as possible from the attack through 
                        public and private cooperation; or
                            (ii) another issue pertinent to national 
                        defense as determined by the President and 
                        notified to Congress within 270 days of 
                        enactment of this Act; and
                    (B) use 1 or more of the units of the National 
                Defense Executive Reserve established under section 712 
                of the of the Defense Production Act of 1950.
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