[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 6176 Introduced in House (IH)]

<DOC>






119th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                H. R. 6176

 To require standardized performance reporting for entities engaged in 
 electricity transmission to improve transparency, accountability, and 
                 grid outcomes, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                           November 20, 2025

Mr. Casten (for himself, Mr. Mullin, Mr. Huffman, Mr. Subramanyam, Mr. 
Quigley, Mr. Garamendi, Ms. Castor of Florida, Mr. Moulton, Mr. Foster, 
  Mr. Levin, and Mr. Carson) introduced the following bill; which was 
            referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
 To require standardized performance reporting for entities engaged in 
 electricity transmission to improve transparency, accountability, and 
                 grid outcomes, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Electricity Transmission Scorecard 
Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) Electricity transmission facilities and services 
        provided by covered transmission owners affect interstate 
        commerce and are essential to the Nation's economic well-being 
        and national security.
            (2) Transparent, standardized performance data on 
        transmission systems promotes cost-effective investment, 
        prevents unduly discriminatory practices, and protects 
        ratepayers.
            (3) Existing reporting requirements are fragmented, 
        inconsistent, and do not allow for meaningful comparison among 
        transmission providers, RTOs, and ISOs.
            (4) To ensure that all transmitting utilities are subject 
        to uniform, non-discriminatory access obligations, to safeguard 
        the public interest in the reliability, affordability, and 
        efficiency of the interstate transmission system, and to ensure 
        the development of just and reasonable rates, a common 
        performance reporting framework is necessary.
            (5) Systemic transparency across all utilities engaged in 
        transmitting electricity enables ratepayers, investors, 
        generators, regulators, researchers, and other stakeholders and 
        market participants to clearly compare transmission rates, 
        outcomes, and practices across regions and governance 
        structures.
            (6) Market and policy innovation in the electricity sector 
        is enhanced by making grid performance data publicly available, 
        thus empowering independent research, enabling competition, and 
        reducing information asymmetries between utilities and external 
        actors.
            (7) The quality of economic, reliability, and environmental 
        outcomes delivered to customers can improve as a result of 
        performance-based accountability.
            (8) It is in the best interest of the Nation to require 
        standardized data submissions and scorecard reporting from all 
        utilities engaged in transmitting electricity, including those 
        not subject to section 205 or 206 of the Federal Power Act, to 
        evaluate whether service comparability and nondiscrimination 
        obligations are being met and to ensure that ratepayers are not 
        burdened by inefficiencies, lack of investment, or the absence 
        of cost-effective solutions that would increase capacity, 
        reduce congestion, facilitate interconnection, or otherwise 
        reduce unnecessary costs and reliability concerns for 
        ratepayers.

SEC. 3. PERFORMANCE SCORECARD ELEMENTS AND VERIFICATION.

    (a) Reporting Requirements.--
            (1) Transmission investment, accountability, and 
        performance scorecards.--
                    (A) In general.--The Commission shall require each 
                covered transmission owner to biannually develop, 
                publish, and submit to the Secretary a report, to be 
                known as a Transmission Investment, Accountability, and 
                Performance Scorecard (or a TIAPS report), that 
                includes metrics evaluating the following:
                            (i) Ratepayer affordability, which shall 
                        assess the cost of transmission services per 
                        unit of energy transmitted or other metrics 
                        that can be used to assess affordability of 
                        energy provided to ratepayers.
                            (ii) Financing costs, which shall assess 
                        the financing structure and cost of capital for 
                        a covered transmission owner, and may include 
                        consideration of capital structure and leverage 
                        ratios, reliance on formula rates or other 
                        automatic adjustment mechanisms, allowed and 
                        earned returns on equity, the cost of debt and 
                        preferred stock, the presence and magnitude of 
                        incentive rate adders, and other related 
                        metrics.
                            (iii) Investment prudency and cost 
                        recovery, which shall assess the prudency of 
                        capital investments and the transparency and 
                        structure of associated cost recovery 
                        mechanisms, and may include the frequency and 
                        magnitude of cost disallowances in rate 
                        proceedings, the types of facilities or 
                        investments associated with disallowed costs, 
                        the degree of cost recovery from ratepayers 
                        relative to shareholder contributions, and the 
                        transparency and accountability of cost 
                        allocation frameworks.
                            (iv) Investment effectiveness, which shall 
                        assess the value delivered by covered 
                        transmission owner investments relative to 
                        their costs, including how effectively the 
                        covered transmission owner considered and 
                        deployed the most economically efficient 
                        solutions to reduce cost burden on ratepayers 
                        and the accuracy of project cost estimates, and 
                        may include metrics related to benefit-cost 
                        analyses, investments in advanced technology 
                        deployment, non-wires alternatives, 
                        reconductoring, grid-enhancing technologies, or 
                        other operational upgrades that avoid higher 
                        cost capital investment, estimated and actual 
                        cost for new or updated assets, and other 
                        indicators of prudent capital deployment.
                            (v) Capital expenditure bias, which shall 
                        assess the covered transmission owner's balance 
                        of spending on capital investment versus 
                        operational and maintenance activities.
                            (vi) System reliability and availability, 
                        which shall assess the operational performance 
                        of the transmission facilities of the covered 
                        transmission owner over the reporting period, 
                        including information related to outages, 
                        equipment availability, and resilience to 
                        system disturbances, and may be expressed using 
                        existing transmission-specific reliability 
                        indicators, as described by the North American 
                        Electric Reliability Corporation or other 
                        entity established to oversee and administer 
                        reliability standards and procedures for the 
                        bulk-power system, metrics regarding the 
                        economic costs of outages or lost reliability, 
                        or other related metrics.
                            (vii) Physical system performance, which 
                        shall assess how effectively the transmission 
                        facilities owned, operated, or controlled by 
                        the covered transmission owner are used to 
                        deliver electricity, including both physical 
                        and economic performance, and may include 
                        technical and non-technical losses, utilization 
                        relative to rated capacity and design 
                        constraints, age of system components, and 
                        other indicators of transmission system 
                        utilization, performance, and efficiency.
                            (viii)(I) Interconnection and access 
                        fairness, which shall assess the extent to 
                        which the interconnection process for 
                        interregional interconnections and new 
                        facilities (including generators, energy 
                        storage, load, and merchant transmission 
                        projects) is conducted in a timely and 
                        impartial manner consistent with Commission 
                        regulations, including comparisons between 
                        affiliated entities and unaffiliated entities, 
                        and may be expressed as the difference in the 
                        number of days from initial interconnection 
                        request to execution of an Interconnection 
                        Agreement, or through related measures of 
                        procedural equity.
                            (II) For purposes of this clause:
                                    (aa) The term ``affiliated entity'' 
                                means any entity that has a direct or 
                                indirect relationship with a covered 
                                transmission owner or its parent entity 
                                that could reasonably influence 
                                interconnection treatment, including an 
                                entity that--
                                            (AA) shares common 
                                        ownership or controlling 
                                        interest with the covered 
                                        transmission owner or its 
                                        parent entity;
                                            (BB) is a direct or 
                                        indirect subsidiary of the 
                                        covered transmission owner or 
                                        its parent entity;
                                            (CC) is engaged in a joint 
                                        venture, contractual 
                                        partnership, or strategic 
                                        alliance with the covered 
                                        transmission owner or its 
                                        parent entity, where such 
                                        partnership includes shared 
                                        financial interest, revenue 
                                        sharing, or asset co-
                                        development; or
                                            (DD) is otherwise 
                                        determined by the Commission to 
                                        have a financial, governance, 
                                        or operational relationship 
                                        that may reasonably be expected 
                                        to influence interconnection 
                                        prioritization.
                                    (bb) The term ``unaffiliated 
                                entity'' means any entity that--
                                            (AA) has logged an 
                                        interconnection request with 
                                        the covered transmission owner; 
                                        and
                                            (BB) is not an affiliated 
                                        entity.
                            (ix) Non-operational cost recovery, which 
                        shall assess the amount of covered transmission 
                        owner spending on lobbying, advertising, 
                        penalties, and advocacy activities recovered 
                        through customer rates, and may be expressed as 
                        expenditures on each such activity, a total sum 
                        of expenditures on such activities, or related 
                        metrics.
                            (x) Interregional and regional planning 
                        integration, which shall assess the extent to 
                        which the covered transmission owner 
                        participates in coordinated regional and 
                        interregional transmission planning processes 
                        and infrastructure development, and may be 
                        expressed as the number and capacity of 
                        interregional transmission ties, the share of 
                        projects subject to regional or interregional 
                        planning review, or related metrics.
                            (xi) Any additional matters that--
                                    (I) may be evaluated using outcome-
                                based performance metrics identified by 
                                the Commission, giving preference to 
                                quantitative metrics over qualitative 
                                metrics; and
                                    (II) the Commission determines are 
                                necessary to improve transparency, 
                                affordability, reliability, equity, or 
                                environmental performance of the 
                                facilities owned, operated, or 
                                controlled by the covered transmission 
                                owner.
                    (B) Exemptions.--
                            (i) Categories.--The Commission may, by 
                        rule, exempt all covered transmission owners in 
                        a category of covered transmission owners from 
                        the requirement to include a metric described 
                        in subparagraph (A) if the Commission 
                        determines that the metric is demonstrably 
                        inapplicable to all covered transmission owners 
                        in the category.
                            (ii) Scope.--The Commission shall ensure 
                        that the scope of any metric from which a 
                        category of covered transmission owners is 
                        exempted under this subparagraph is as narrow 
                        as possible in order to preserve consistency 
                        and comparability among scorecards.
                    (C) Coordination.--In preparing and developing a 
                scorecard pursuant to this paragraph, a covered 
                transmission owner shall coordinate, as necessary to 
                obtain or estimate data required to be included in a 
                scorecard under this section, with any relevant entity, 
                including--
                            (i) regional grid operators, including 
                        Independent System Operators, Regional 
                        Transmission Organizations, transmission 
                        planning entities, and balancing authorities;
                            (ii) interconnected electric utilities, 
                        including load serving entities and other 
                        transmission providers;
                            (iii) owners of generation facilities, 
                        including utility-scale and merchant generators 
                        seeking interconnection or operating within the 
                        service territory of the covered transmission 
                        owner; and
                            (iv) regulatory and oversight entities, 
                        including State public utility commissions, and 
                        applicable Federal or State energy, 
                        reliability, or environmental agencies.
            (2) Regional investment, accountability, and performance 
        scorecards.--The Commission shall require each Independent 
        System Operator, Regional Transmission Organization, and 
        transmission planning entity to annually develop, publish, and 
        submit to the Secretary a report, to be known as a Regional 
        Investment, Accountability, and Performance Scorecard (or a 
        RIAPS report), that includes the following:
                    (A) Aggregation of the metrics reported for the 
                year in the scorecards submitted under paragraph (1) by 
                the covered transmission owners within the jurisdiction 
                of the applicable ISO, RTO, or transmission planning 
                entity, which shall consist of a summary of such 
                metrics that--
                            (i) reflects weighted or capacity-adjusted 
                        averages of covered transmission owner-reported 
                        metrics, as appropriate;
                            (ii) highlights significant intra-regional 
                        variation or performance outliers; and
                            (iii) does not obscure material differences 
                        among transmission owners or regions.
                    (B) Regional-specific metrics, which shall consist 
                of reporting on metrics specific to operational 
                responsibilities of the ISO, RTO, or transmission 
                planning entity, including the following:
                            (i) Market efficiency, which shall assess 
                        the extent to which the ISO, RTO, or 
                        transmission planning entity is successful in 
                        operating efficient wholesale electricity 
                        markets, minimizing system congestion, and 
                        maximizing the use of existing grid 
                        infrastructure to deliver cost-effective 
                        outcomes for consumers while maintaining 
                        required standards of reliability, and may be 
                        expressed as average energy and ancillary 
                        service costs (system-wide and by major zone), 
                        system and zonal capacity costs where 
                        applicable, congestion costs, out-of-market 
                        payments, frequency of redispatch, 
                        implementation of congestion-relieving 
                        technologies, or related metrics.
                            (ii) Regional interconnection performance, 
                        which shall assess the effectiveness and 
                        efficiency of interconnection processes, and 
                        may include metrics that measure the duration 
                        of queue processing, the rate of project 
                        withdrawals, and the share of projects that 
                        successfully reach commercial operation, or 
                        related metrics.
                            (iii) Regional and interregional 
                        development, which shall assess the extent and 
                        effectiveness of regional and interregional 
                        transmission planning and buildout, and may be 
                        expressed in relation to the number and total 
                        capacity of transmission lines developed 
                        through regional and interregional planning 
                        processes, the proportion of new transmission 
                        projects selected through regional planning 
                        processes versus those advanced outside of such 
                        processes (including local or supplemental 
                        projects), the number of projects selected 
                        through competitive processes, the use and 
                        outcomes of benefit-cost analysis in project 
                        selection and development, the frequency of 
                        stakeholder engagement, the ratio of total 
                        investment in interregional and regional 
                        transmission to investment in local 
                        transmission, or other related metrics.
                            (iv) Seams management and resolution, which 
                        shall assess the extent to which the ISO, RTO, 
                        or transmission planning entity identifies and 
                        addresses seams, and may include the number of 
                        seams-related studies initiated or completed, 
                        the quantity and capacity of interties enabling 
                        cross-regional power flows, and the frequency 
                        or magnitude of congestion and price divergence 
                        across seams.
                            (v) Greenhouse gas emissions intensity, 
                        which shall assess, through the use of 
                        methodologies specified by the Commission based 
                        on input from the Administrator of the 
                        Environmental Protection Agency, the emissions 
                        profile of electricity delivered within the 
                        service territory of the ISO, RTO, or 
                        transmission planning entity in the reporting 
                        year, and may be expressed as the emissions 
                        intensity of delivered electricity in carbon 
                        dioxide equivalents per megawatt-hour, or 
                        related metrics.
                            (vi) Any additional outcome-based 
                        performance metrics the Commission determines 
                        necessary to improve transparency, 
                        affordability, reliability, equity, or 
                        environmental performance of the transmission 
                        system overseen by the RTO, ISO, or 
                        transmission planning entity.
            (3) Data disclosure.--Each reporting entity shall publish 
        and submit to the Secretary, with each scorecard published 
        under this subsection, all non-confidential underlying data 
        supporting the metrics included in the scorecard, in a machine-
        readable, open-data format.
            (4) Initial reporting.--Each reporting entity shall publish 
        and submit to the Secretary its first scorecard not later than 
        6 months after the date on which the Commission issues a final 
        rule under subsection (e)(1).
    (b) Metric and Methodology Standardization.--
            (1) In general.--The Commission, with input from the 
        Secretary, the Administrator, the National Laboratories, and 
        other stakeholders, where appropriate, shall standardize the 
        metrics required to be included in a scorecard under subsection 
        (a) and the methodologies for calculating such metrics, 
        including by ensuring that the definitions, data sources, and 
        calculation methodologies for each metric are uniform among all 
        reporting entities, except as provided in paragraph (2).
            (2) Exception for necessary regional or structural 
        differences.--In carrying out paragraph (1), the Commission may 
        allow for a difference among reporting entities in metrics or 
        methodologies only upon issuance of a written determination 
        that the difference is demonstrably necessary on a regional or 
        structural basis.
            (3) Benefit-cost analysis.--In carrying out paragraph (1), 
        the Commission shall establish uniform requirements for any 
        benefit-cost analyses to be included in a scorecard under 
        subsection (a), including minimum parameters, data sources, and 
        assumptions to ensure comparability among reporting entities 
        and to prevent selective or undisclosed modeling assumptions 
        that materially affect reported results.
    (c) Verification Requirements.--
            (1) In general.--The Commission shall establish a process 
        by which scorecards required to be developed under subsection 
        (a) are verified by independent evaluators to ensure accuracy, 
        consistency, and credibility prior to publication under such 
        subsection. The Commission shall include in such process--
                    (A) requirements for the approval by the Commission 
                of independent evaluators, including requirements that 
                an independent evaluator--
                            (i) possess demonstrated expertise in 
                        electric transmission planning, data 
                        validation, engineering analysis, regulatory 
                        accounting, or grid performance evaluation, 
                        including experience with relevant modeling 
                        tools and with data systems of the Commission 
                        or the Department of Energy;
                            (ii) possess or otherwise have access to 
                        technical and analytical expertise appropriate 
                        to the metrics being verified, including in 
                        engineering, economics, data analytics, or 
                        regulatory accounting; and
                            (iii) be independent from the entity being 
                        verified and have no financial, contractual, or 
                        governance conflicts of interest, including 
                        having no affiliation or common ownership with 
                        any entity responsible for managing or 
                        overseeing the pension or benefit funds of a 
                        reporting entity;
                    (B) procedures for auditing the assumptions and 
                methodologies used in applying performance metrics, 
                including to detect selective reporting and ensure 
                alignment with Commission-defined protocols;
                    (C) requirements to ensure that any single 
                independent evaluator, or their parent company or 
                subsidiary--
                            (i) may not evaluate a reporting entity 
                        that is a covered transmission owner more than 
                        5 reporting periods in a row, or more than 15 
                        times in any 10-year period; and
                            (ii) may not evaluate a reporting entity 
                        that is an ISO, RTO, or transmission planning 
                        entity more than 3 reporting periods in a row, 
                        or more than 7 times in any 10-year period;
                    (D) requirements under which an independent 
                evaluator approved by the Commission may verify the 
                information in the scorecard of the reporting entity, 
                by reviewing supporting documentation, conducting 
                project inspections, and applying standardized 
                evaluation, measurement, and verification protocols for 
                the metrics included in the scorecard;
                    (E) requirements for public disclosure of the 
                results of such verification, including any adjustments 
                to reported values, methodologies used in the 
                verification process, and justifications for material 
                discrepancies; and
                    (F) a process for reviewing and refining 
                verification protocols at regular intervals, not less 
                frequently than once every 3 years, in consultation 
                with any relevant stakeholder advisory group convened 
                under section 5, to incorporate advances in data 
                analytics, energy system modeling, and grid performance 
                assessment.
            (2) Role of national laboratories.--In carrying out this 
        subsection, the Commission shall--
                    (A) collaborate with National Laboratories that 
                have the necessary expertise, in coordination with the 
                Secretary, to design and publish standardized 
                verification protocols, including templates, analytical 
                tools, and calibration datasets;
                    (B) utilize the technical expertise of National 
                Laboratories to assist in the training, evaluation, or 
                approval of independent evaluators;
                    (C) engage National Laboratories in conducting 
                selective audits or quality assurance reviews of 
                verified scorecards during initial implementation of 
                the scorecard reporting and verification process and 
                implementation of any subsequent updates to such 
                scorecards; and
                    (D) consult National Laboratories during periodic 
                updates to the verification process, in coordination 
                with any relevant stakeholder advisory group convened 
                under section 5.
    (d) Independent Audits.--
            (1) In general.--The Commission, in consultation with the 
        Secretary, shall designate National Laboratories with necessary 
        expertise, or other qualified institutions, to conduct 
        independent audits of scorecards published under subsection (a) 
        on a periodic or as-needed basis to ensure the accuracy, 
        completeness, and integrity of reported data, methodologies, 
        and performance metrics.
            (2) Initiation.--An audit under this subsection may be 
        initiated--
                    (A) at the discretion of the Secretary;
                    (B) upon identification of material discrepancies 
                in reported metrics;
                    (C) in response to concerns raised by a stakeholder 
                advisory group convened under section 5; or
                    (D) as part of a randomized, rotating sample of 
                reporting entities to support continuous oversight.
            (3) Results.--The results of an audit conducted under this 
        subsection shall be made publicly available not later than 2 
        months after completion of the audit.
    (e) Rulemaking.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Commission shall issue a final rule 
        to carry out this section.
            (2) Department of energy support.--The Secretary shall 
        provide technical assistance, subject-matter expertise, and 
        access to relevant data and tools to the Commission in 
        developing the rule required to be published under this 
        subsection.
            (3) Inclusions.--The Commission shall include in the rule 
        issued under this section--
                    (A) requirements to ensure timely and consistent 
                reporting, which may include requirements for data-
                sharing agreements, protocols for data access, and 
                other mechanisms as necessary to facilitate the 
                completion of scorecards;
                    (B) allowance for the use of proxies, estimates, or 
                approximations only--
                            (i) where direct data are unavailable; and
                            (ii) if the proxies, estimates, or 
                        approximations are based on the best available 
                        data, transparently documented, subject to 
                        Commission review and approval, and updated as 
                        improved data become available; and
                    (C) requirements that all reported metrics reflect 
                a good-faith effort to provide accurate representations 
                of transmission facility and system performance, 
                subject to Commission review and oversight.
            (4) Revisions.--In issuing any revisions to the rule under 
        this section, the Commission shall ensure that--
                    (A) such revisions are based on the outcomes of any 
                applicable technical conference held under section 5;
                    (B) the period for public comment on such revisions 
                is not less than 90 days; and
                    (C) the final rule making such revisions is issued 
                not later than 180 days after the close of such period 
                for public comment.
    (f) Enforcement.--With respect to any Independent System Operator, 
Regional Transmission Organization, or covered transmission owner 
subject to the requirements of part II of the Federal Power Act that is 
required to publish a scorecard under subsection (a), a violation of a 
requirement of this section shall be considered a violation of a 
provision of such part II for purposes of section 316A of such Act (16 
U.S.C. 825o-1).
    (g) Report.--The Secretary shall annually publish a report that 
compiles and analyzes scorecards submitted to the Secretary under 
subsection (a) and, for each metric--
            (1) ranks the performance of reporting entities, grouped by 
        market type and governance structure; and
            (2) explains the metric and describes any changes over time 
        in the affordability, reliability, equity, or environmental 
        performance of the transmission system, as evidenced by changes 
        in the information included by reporting entities in such 
        scorecards with respect to the metric.
    (h) Scorecard Review.--Not later than 3 years after the date of 
enactment of this Act, and every 3 years thereafter, the Secretary, in 
coordination with the Commission, shall conduct a comprehensive review 
of the implementation of this section, including the administration of 
the section, data collection and coordination, reporting entity 
compliance, stakeholder engagement, and the effectiveness of the 
information included in scorecards as a policy tool and issue a public 
report that includes--
            (1) an assessment and comparison of the changes over time 
        in utility performance regarding the metrics required to be 
        included in the scorecards;
            (2) evaluation of data quality, availability, 
        methodologies, and verification practices relevant to the 
        scorecards; and
            (3) findings and recommendations regarding the scorecards 
        provided by the technical conferences held and stakeholder 
        advisory group convened under section 5.

SEC. 4. ACCESSIBILITY AND PUBLIC TRANSPARENCY.

    (a) Establishment of Public-Facing Scorecard Portal.--
            (1) Initiation.--Not later than 12 months after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary, in collaboration with the 
        Commission and the Administrator, shall initiate the 
        establishment of a public, searchable online portal housing 
        scorecards and underlying data submitted to the Secretary under 
        this Act.
            (2) Portal availability.--Not later than 18 months after 
        the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall 
        establish and make available a public, searchable online portal 
        housing scorecards and underlying data submitted to the 
        Secretary under this Act.
    (b) Inclusion in Portal.--The Secretary shall make public through 
the searchable online portal established under this section each 
scorecard, together with the underlying data associated with each 
scorecard, that is submitted to the Secretary under this Act.

SEC. 5. SCORECARD IMPROVEMENT.

    (a) Technical Conferences.--The Commission shall hold public 
technical conferences not less often than once every 3 years to solicit 
stakeholder feedback on--
            (1) the effectiveness of scorecard metrics in conveying the 
        performance of a given reporting entity;
            (2) the sufficiency and quality of the data disclosed in 
        scorecards;
            (3) the alignment of scorecards with Federal and State 
        priorities, including affordability, reliability, and 
        congestion reduction of transmitted electricity; and
            (4) opportunities to refine metrics in light of emerging 
        technologies, grid conditions, and energy markets.
    (b) Stakeholder Advisory Groups.--For purposes of a rulemaking 
under section 3 and each technical conference held under subsection 
(a), the Commission shall convene a stakeholder advisory group to 
provide advice to the Commission. Each such stakeholder advisory group 
shall be composed of 17 members, as follows:
            (1) 2 members representing State public utility 
        commissions.
            (2) 2 members representing covered transmission owners.
            (3) 2 members representing independent power producers.
            (4) 2 members representing Regional Transmission 
        Organizations and Independent System Operators.
            (5) 1 member representing the Electric Reliability 
        Organization.
            (6) 2 members representing transmission planning entities.
            (7) 2 members representing ratepayer advocacy 
        organizations, each of whom shall be employed by, or formally 
        designated by, an organization the primary mission of which is 
        the representation of residential, commercial, or industrial 
        ratepayers in regulatory or ratemaking proceedings before State 
        or Federal authorities.
            (8) 2 members with expertise in energy data systems, grid 
        modeling, or electricity market analytics, each of whom shall 
        possess significant professional experience or academic 
        qualifications, representing industry, independent analytics 
        firms, or academic or research institutions, including the 
        National Laboratories.
            (9) 2 members with expertise in energy systems performance, 
        representing academic or research institutions, including the 
        National Laboratories.
    (c) Response Required.--Not later than 60 days after receiving any 
advice from a stakeholder group convened under subsection (b), the 
Commission shall respond in writing to such advice.

SEC. 6. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Administrator.--The term ``Administrator'' means the 
        Administrator of the Energy Information Administration of the 
        Department of Energy.
            (2) Commission.--The term ``Commission'' means the Federal 
        Energy Regulatory Commission.
            (3) Covered transmission owner.--The term ``covered 
        transmission owner'' means any entity, other than an 
        Independent System Operator, Regional Transmission 
        Organization, or transmission planning entity, that--
                    (A) owns, operates, or controls transmission 
                facilities that are part of, or connected to the bulk-
                power system;
                    (B) provides, or is capable of providing, 
                transmission service for the movement of electric 
                energy, whether in interstate or intrastate commerce; 
                and
                    (C) if the entity owns, operates, or controls 
                transmission facilities that are not part of, or 
                connected to, the bulk-power system, the total 
                transmission capacity under peak demand conditions of 
                all transmission facilities owned, operated, or 
                controlled by the entity is 100 megawatts or greater.
            (4) Federal power act terms.--
                    (A) Bulk-power system; ero.--The terms ``bulk-power 
                system'' and ``Electric Reliability Organization'' have 
                the meanings given those terms in section 215 of the 
                Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 824o).
                    (B) ISO; rto; transmitting utility.--The terms 
                ``Independent System Operator'', ``ISO'', ``Regional 
                Transmission Organization'', ``RTO'', and 
                ``transmitting utility'' have the meanings given those 
                terms in section 3 of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 
                796).
            (5) Grid-enhancing technology.--The term ``grid-enhancing 
        technology'' means any technology the Commission determines 
        materially improves transfer capacity or interconnection 
        efficiency, or reduces technical losses, without relying on 
        traditional wires-based transmission expansion, which shall 
        include--
                    (A) dynamic line rating systems;
                    (B) advanced power flow control devices;
                    (C) topology optimization tools and software-based 
                reconfiguration technologies;
                    (D) real-time monitoring and sensing equipment that 
                improves line utilization or visibility; and
                    (E) transformer upgrades, advanced transmission 
                technologies, or reactive power equipment.
            (6) Interregional interconnection.--The term 
        ``interregional interconnection'' means a transmission facility 
        or interconnection project that enables the transfer of 
        electric energy between two or more transmission planning 
        regions, including connections between any of the Western 
        Interconnection, the Eastern Interconnection, and the Electric 
        Reliability Council of Texas.
            (7) Reporting entity.--The term ``reporting entity'' means 
        an entity required to submit a scorecard under this Act.
            (8) Scorecard.--The term ``scorecard'' means a report 
        required to be submitted by a covered transmission owner, 
        Independent System Operator, Regional Transmission 
        Organization, or transmission planning entity pursuant to 
        section 3.
            (9) Seam.--The term ``seam'' means a boundary or interface 
        between neighboring transmission systems or grid operators.
            (10) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Energy.
            (11) Transmission planning entity.--The term ``transmission 
        planning entity'' means an entity, other than a RTO or an ISO, 
        that is responsible for planning for the deployment of electric 
        transmission for a transmission planning region.
            (12) Transmission planning region.--The term ``transmission 
        planning region'' means a geographic area determined by the 
        Commission to satisfy the requirements for the scope of 
        regional transmission planning, as established in or in 
        compliance with the following orders issued by the Commission:
                    (A) ``Transmission Planning and Cost Allocation by 
                Transmission Owning and Operating Public Utilities'' 
                published in the Federal Register on October 24, 2012 
                (77 Fed. Reg. 64890).
                    (B) ``Building for the Future Through Electric 
                Regional Transmission Planning and Cost Allocation'' 
                published in the Federal Register on June 11, 2024 (89 
                Fed. Reg. 49280).
                                 <all>