[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 7219 Introduced in House (IH)]

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119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                H. R. 7219

 To require the congressional districts established by a State to meet 
 certain requirements, to prohibit States from carrying out more than 
     one congressional redistricting after a decennial census and 
   apportionment, to exclude aliens without lawful status under the 
immigration laws from number of persons used to determine apportionment 
    of representatives and number of electoral votes, and for other 
                               purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                            January 22, 2026

  Mr. Lawler introduced the following bill; which was referred to the 
   Committee on the Judiciary, and in addition to the Committees on 
Oversight and Government Reform, and House Administration, for a period 
    to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for 
consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the 
                          committee concerned

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
 To require the congressional districts established by a State to meet 
 certain requirements, to prohibit States from carrying out more than 
     one congressional redistricting after a decennial census and 
   apportionment, to exclude aliens without lawful status under the 
immigration laws from number of persons used to determine apportionment 
    of representatives and number of electoral votes, and for other 
                               purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Fair Apportionment and Independent 
Redistricting for Maps that Avoid Partisanship Act'' or the ``FAIR MAP 
Act''.

SEC. 2. REQUIREMENTS FOR CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS.

    (a) Requirements.--The congressional districts of a State shall 
meet each of the following requirements:
            (1) Each congressional district in the State shall consist 
        of contiguous territory (except to the extent necessary to 
        include any area which is surrounded by a body of water).
            (2) Each congressional district in the State shall be as 
        compact in form as practicable.
            (3) No congressional district in the State shall be drawn 
        to discourage competition, or for the purpose of favoring or 
        disfavoring an incumbent, a particular candidate, or a 
        particular political party. In establishing congressional 
        districts, the State shall consider the maintenance of cores of 
        existing districts, of pre-existing political subdivisions, 
        including counties, cities, and towns, and of communities of 
        interest.
            (4) To the extent practicable, the population of each 
        congressional district in the State shall not vary from the 
        population of any other congressional district in the State (as 
        determined on the basis of the total count of citizens of the 
        United States and aliens with lawful status under the 
        immigration laws (as such term is defined in section 101 of the 
        Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101)) of the most 
        recent decennial census conducted by the Bureau of the Census).
    (b) Effective Date.--Subsection (a) shall apply with respect to 
congressional districts established on or after the date of the 
enactment of this Act.

SEC. 3. LIMIT ON CONGRESSIONAL REDISTRICTING AFTER AN APPORTIONMENT.

    The Act entitled ``An Act for the relief of Doctor Ricardo Vallejo 
Samala and to provide for congressional redistricting'', approved 
December 14, 1967 (2 U.S.C. 2c), is amended by adding at the end the 
following: ``A State which has been redistricted in the manner provided 
by law after an apportionment under section 22(a) of the Act entitled 
`An Act to provide for the fifteenth and subsequent decennial censuses 
and to provide for an apportionment of Representatives in Congress', 
approved June 18, 1929 (2 U.S.C. 2a), may not be redistricted again 
until after the next apportionment of Representatives under such 
section, unless a court requires the State to conduct such subsequent 
redistricting to comply with the Constitution, to enforce the Voting 
Rights Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 1973 et seq.), or to comply with the FAIR 
MAP Act.''.

SEC. 4. EXCLUSION OF ALIENS WITHOUT LAWFUL STATUS UNDER THE IMMIGRATION 
              LAWS FROM NUMBER OF PERSONS USED TO DETERMINE 
              APPORTIONMENT OF REPRESENTATIVES AND NUMBER OF ELECTORAL 
              VOTES.

    (a) Immigration Status on Decennial Census.--Section 141 of title 
13, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsection (g) as subsection (h); and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (f) the following:
    ``(g) In conducting the 2030 decennial census and each decennial 
census thereafter, the Secretary shall include in any questionnaire 
distributed or otherwise used for the purpose of determining the total 
population by States a checkbox or other similar option for the 
respondent to indicate, for the respondent and for each of the members 
of the household of the respondent, whether that individual is a 
citizen of the United States or an alien with lawful status under the 
immigration laws (as such term is defined in section 101 of the 
Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101)).''.
    (b) Exclusion.--
            (1) In general.--Section 22(a) of the Act entitled ``An Act 
        to provide for the fifteenth and subsequent decennial censuses 
        and to provide for apportionment of Representatives in 
        Congress'', approved June 18, 1929 (2 U.S.C. 2a(a)), is amended 
        by inserting after ``not taxed'' the following: ``and aliens 
        without lawful status under the immigration laws (as such term 
        is defined in section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality 
        Act (8 U.S.C. 1101))''.
            (2) Effective date.--The amendment made by paragraph (1) 
        shall apply with respect to the apportionment of 
        Representatives carried out pursuant to the decennial census 
        conducted during 2030 and any succeeding decennial census.

SEC. 5. CONGRESSIONAL REDISTRICTING CHALLENGES.

    (a) Jurisdiction of Federal Courts.--Notwithstanding any other 
provision of law, any challenge to the congressional districts 
established by a State shall be brought in a district court of the 
United States.
    (b) Effective Date.--Subsection (a) shall apply with respect to 
congressional districts established on or after the date of the 
enactment of this Act.

SEC. 6. PROHIBITING STATES FROM USING RANKED CHOICE VOTING IN FEDERAL 
              ELECTIONS.

    (a) Requirement.--Subtitle A of title III of the Help America Vote 
Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21081 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating sections 305 and 306 as sections 306 
        and 307, respectively; and
            (2) by inserting after section 304 the following new 
        section:

``SEC. 305. PROHIBITING STATES FROM THE USE OF RANKED CHOICE VOTING 
              WITH RESPECT TO AN ELECTION FOR FEDERAL OFFICE.

    ``A State may not carry out an election for Federal office in the 
State using a system of ranked choice voting under which each voter 
shall rank the candidates for the office in the order of the voter's 
preference.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment Relating to Enforcement.--Section 401 of 
the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21111) is amended by 
striking ``303, and 304'' and inserting ``303, 304, and 305''.
    (c) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents of such Act is 
amended--
            (1) by redesignating the items relating to sections 305 and 
        306 as relating to sections 306 and 307, respectively; and
            (2) by inserting after the item relating to section 304 the 
        following new item:

``Sec. 305. Prohibiting States from the use of ranked choice voting 
                            with respect to an election for Federal 
                            office.''.
    (d) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply with respect to elections held on or after the date of the 
enactment of this Act.

SEC. 7. PHOTO IDENTIFICATION OR SIGNATURE VERIFICATION REQUIRED.

    (a) Individuals Voting in Person.--Notwithstanding any other 
provision of law, no State or local election official may provide a 
ballot for an election for Federal office to an individual voting in 
person unless the individual presents to the official a valid photo 
identification card issued by a Federal, State, or Tribal government 
that identifies the individual.
    (b) Individuals Voting Other Than in Person.--
            (1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
        law, no State or local election official may accept a ballot 
        for an election for Federal office provided by an individual 
        voting other than in person unless--
                    (A) the individual submits with the ballot a card 
                or envelope signed by the individual; and
                    (B) such signature matches the signature associated 
                with the individual in the computerized statewide voter 
                registration list described in section 303(a) of the 
                Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21083(a)).
            (2) Effective date.--This subsection shall apply with 
        respect to elections for Federal office held after the election 
        for Federal office held on November 3, 2026.

SEC. 8. SAME-DAY REGISTRATION PROHIBITED.

    A State may not permit an individual to vote in an election for 
Federal office unless the individual is duly registered to vote prior 
to the date of such election.

SEC. 9. NO EFFECT ON ELECTIONS FOR STATE AND LOCAL OFFICE.

    Nothing in this Act or in any amendment made by this Act may be 
construed to affect the manner in which a State carries out elections 
for State or local office, including the process by which a State 
establishes the districts used in such elections.
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