[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H. Res. 353 Introduced in House (IH)]
<DOC>
119th CONGRESS
1st Session
H. RES. 353
Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high
crimes and misdemeanors.
_______________________________________________________________________
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
April 28, 2025
Mr. Thanedar (for himself, Mr. Mfume, Mr. Nadler, and Ms. Kelly of
Illinois) submitted the following resolution; which was referred to the
Committee on the Judiciary
_______________________________________________________________________
RESOLUTION
Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high
crimes and misdemeanors.
Resolved, That Donald John Trump, President of the United States,
is impeached for high crimes and misdemeanors, and that the following
articles of impeachment be exhibited to the Senate:
Article of impeachment exhibited by the House of Representatives
of the United States of America in the name of itself and of the people
of the United States of America, against Donald John Trump, President
of the United States of America, in maintenance and support of its
impeachment against him for high crimes and misdemeanors.
article i: obstruction of justice, violation of due process, and a
breach of the duty to faithfully execute laws
The Constitution provides that the House of Representatives ``shall
have the sole Power of Impeachment'' and that the President ``shall be
removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason,
Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors''. Further, Article II
of the Constitution states that the President ``shall take Care that
the Laws be faithfully executed'', the Fourth Amendment of the
Constitution states that ``The right of the people . . . against
unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated'', and the
Fifth Amendment of the Constitution states ``No person shall be . . .
deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law''.
In his conduct of the office of President of the United States--and in
violation of his constitutional oath to faithfully to execute the
office of President of the United States and, to the best of his
ability, preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of the United
States, and in violation of his constitutional duty to take care that
the laws be faithfully executed--Donald John Trump has abused the
powers of the Presidency in a manner offensive to, and subversive of,
the Constitution, in that:
Using the power of his high office, Donald John Trump has engaged
in this scheme or course of conduct through the following means:
(1) By his orders and directions to subordinates,
obstructed the administration of justice and embarked on a
scheme to destroy and corrupt the legal system and the powers
of the courts under Article III of the Constitution.
Specifically, he has done the following:
(A) Directed and permitted his subordinates and
attorneys at the Department of Justice to violate their
oaths to uphold the Constitution, laws of the United
States, and the rules of professional ethics by
adducing misleading and willfully false representations
to the courts of the United States, and to otherwise
abuse their official powers. Specifically, he has--
(i) sought to dismiss, without prejudice
and under false pretenses, the bribery and
fraud charges against New York City Mayor Eric
Adams, in an unethical quid pro quo exchange
for the Defendant's cooperation with the
Administration's political priorities, thus
abusing the criminal laws to unconstitutionally
commandeer a State officer and unit of
government in violation of the sovereignty
thereof; and
(ii) terminated and purged career
Department of Justice attorneys without
reasonable cause and in violation of the law in
retaliation for their legitimate investigatory
and prosecutorial work under prior
administrations, including in relation to the
January 6, 2021, attack on the United States
Capitol, and in retaliation for attorneys
upholding their ethical and legal obligations
including candor and honesty to the courts.
(B) Directed and permitted the evasion and defiance
of binding court orders. Specifically, he has--
(i) removed persons from the United States
to El Salvador despite an order from the United
States District Court for the District of
Columbia, for which said Court has found
probable cause that the Government committed
acts of criminal contempt;
(ii) removed Kilmar Armando Abrego Garcia
from the United States to El Salvador despite a
binding Withholding of Removal order
prohibiting the government from removing him to
El Salvador;
(iii) defied court orders, upheld by a
unanimous ruling of the Supreme Court, to
facilitate the release of Mr. Abrego Garcia,
and related orders to provide information to
the court and opposing counsel, while publicly
flaunting their refusal;
(iv) acted in contempt of court for
violating a court-sanctioned settlement
agreement; and
(v) conducted enforced disappearances of
persons without due process and without
disclosing their fate and location to their
families and legal counsel, in violation of the
Constitution and the rulings of the Supreme
Court, as well as the foundational principles
of due process and the rule of law.
(C) Directed and permitted the deliberate and
systematic violation of laws duly enacted by Congress.
Specifically, he has--
(i) terminated Inspector Generals, the
officers responsible for detecting and
preventing waste by auditing and investigating
their respective agencies' operations and
personnel, in violation of the process
stipulated by the Inspector Generals Act of
1974, as subsequently amended;
(ii) terminated a member of the Merit
Systems Protection Board, a tribunal created to
address widespread public concerns about the
Federal civil service; and
(iii) unlawfully transmitted sensitive
personal information of private citizens and
government employees in violation of, among
other Federal laws, the Privacy Act and the
Administrative Procedure Act.
In all of this, Donald John Trump has willfully disregarded
Federal laws and the Constitution, imperiled a coequal branch of
Government, and threatened the integrity of the democratic system. He
thereby betrayed his trust as President, abused the powers of the
Presidency, acted in a manner grossly incompatible with self-governance
and the rule of law, and has committed the High Crimes and Misdemeanors
of obstruction of justice and effecting a wide-ranging scheme to
destroy and corrupt the legal system and the powers of the courts under
Article III of the Constitution.
Wherefore, Donald John Trump, by such conduct, has demonstrated
that he is unfit to govern a Nation by and for the people, has acted in
a manner grossly incompatible with self-governance and the rule of law,
and will remain a threat to the Constitution if allowed to remain in
office.
article ii: usurpation of the appropriations power
The Constitution provides that the House of Representatives ``shall
have the sole Power of Impeachment'' and that the President ``shall be
removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason,
Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors''. Further, Section 9 of
Article I of the Constitution states that ``No money shall be drawn
from the Treasury, but in Consequence of Appropriations made by Law''.
In his conduct of the office of President of the United States--and in
violation of his constitutional oath to faithfully to execute the
office of President of the United States and, to the best of his
ability, preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of the United
States, and in violation of his constitutional duty to take care that
the laws be faithfully executed--Donald John Trump has abused the
powers of the Presidency in a manner offensive to, and subversive of,
the Constitution, in that:
Using the powers of his high office, Donald John Trump unlawfully
usurped Congress and its power to appropriate funds, thereby nullifying
the Appropriations Clause in the Constitution and violating the
Impoundment Control Act of 1974. Since taking office, he has signed
numerous Executive Orders directing agencies to withhold funds
appropriated by Congress. The President does not have the power to
override spending laws or impound appropriated funds, a principle
affirmed by numerous Supreme Court rulings.
Donald John Trump has withheld funds and terminated en masse
Federal employees and numerous Federal agencies and departments,
including the following:
(1) Directed the dismantling of the Department of
Education. As enacted in the Department of Education
Organization Act, signed into law by President Jimmy Carter,
the Department of Education was established by Congress to
create reform in the education system throughout the country,
distribute Federal aid to students and places of learning, and
prohibit discriminatory practices. The President does not have
the authority to dismantle the Department of Education, and his
signing of Executive Order 14242, which aims to ``Improving
Education Outcomes by Empowering Parents, States, and
Communities'', violates the law and the Constitution.
(2) Unlawfully directed the elimination of the United
States Agency for International Development (USAID). As enacted
in the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, signed into law by
President John F. Kennedy, USAID plays a crucial role in
delivering foreign assistance worldwide, including disaster
relief, conflict relief, combating global diseases, promoting
educational programs, and enhancing food security in developing
countries. By dismantling USAID and freezing foreign
assistance, he has severed the United States from its
humanitarian role as directed by Congress, leaving other
countries and potentially our adversaries to fill in the role
the United States has abandoned.
(3) Created the so-called ``Department of Government
Efficiency (DOGE)'', which has imposed payment holds and
rescinded funds after disbursement. Donald John Trump has
utilized DOGE to unlawfully block or impound appropriated funds
to dozens of Federal agencies, including the National
Institutes of Health, the Federal Aviation Administration, and
the Department of Veterans Affairs. By impounding
congressionally appropriated funds, Donald John Trump and DOGE
have not only violated the law, but have negatively impacted
the American people by cutting jobs, halting critical services,
and rescinding grants for programs, in defiance of the express,
constitutionally binding will of Congress.
Using the powers of his high office, Donald John Trump has
unlawfully withheld congressionally appropriated funds and attempted to
dismantle congressionally mandated agencies. By withholding funds and
crippling agencies, he has prevented the Federal Government from
performing critical duties here and abroad. He has threatened the well-
being of United States citizens through the gross misconduct of his
office, resulting in dire and life-threatening consequences on the
world's most vulnerable populations.
Wherefore, Donald John Trump, by such conduct, has demonstrated
that he is unfit to govern a Nation by and for the people, has acted in
a manner grossly incompatible with self-governance and the rule of law,
and will remain a threat to the Constitution if allowed to remain in
office.
article iii: abuse of trade powers and international aggression
The Constitution provides that the House of Representatives ``shall
have the sole Power of Impeachment'' and that the President ``shall be
removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason,
Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors''. Further, Section 8 of
Article I of the Constitution states, ``Congress shall have Power To
lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, . . . but all
Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United
States''. In his conduct of the office of President of the United
States--and in violation of his constitutional oath to faithfully to
execute the office of President of the United States and, to the best
of his ability, preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of the
United States, and in violation of his constitutional duty to take care
that the laws be faithfully executed--Donald John Trump has abused the
powers of the Presidency in a manner offensive to, and subversive of,
the Constitution, in that:
Using the powers of his high office, Donald John Trump abused trade
powers by imposing unjustifiable and unreasonable tariffs on foreign
nations, causing a sharp decline in the United States economy and the
economies of countries around the world, and declaring the false
existence of a national security emergency to justify his actions.
Donald John Trump's tariffs contradicted trade agreements established
by his Administration and other administrations, including the duly
ratified and binding treaty obligations of the United States, thereby
breaking international laws and norms, leading to countries around the
world to enact damaging tariffs on goods and services originating from
the United States. His ``Liberation Day'' scheme, which imposed 10
percent tariffs on all countries, as well as additional tariffs based
on a formula for ``reciprocity'' widely mocked as nonsensical, led to
the most significant drop in the financial markets since the 2020 crash
triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Additionally, Donald John Trump has threatened foreign nations with
invasion, the annexation of territory, and the occupation of sovereign
territory through the use of military action. By doing this, he has
implicated the United States and himself in violation of
constitutionally binding treaty obligations, to include the North
Atlantic Treaty of 1949, the General Treaty for Renunciation of War as
an Instrument of National Policy of 1928, the Charter of the United
Nations of 1945, and the Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance
of 1947. Donald John Trump threatened the following:
(1) Annexation of the sovereign country of Canada. Donald
John Trump has negatively impacted the deep and historic
relationship between the United States and Canada by stating
numerous times that Canada should become the 51st State, under
the threat of both economic coercion and military force.
(2) Unlawful and aggressive military action within Mexico,
to include drone strikes and the use of special operations
military personnel, ostensibly against drug cartels, in
violation of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of that
country and without any congressional authorization to use
military force.
(3) Annexation of Greenland, an autonomous territory in the
Kingdom of Denmark. Donald John Trump has continued to use
hostile language aimed at taking control of Greenland, stating
that the United States will ``go as far as we have to go'' to
obtain control of Greenland. He has refused to rule out
military action to gain control of the territory, in violation
of international law and despite Denmark's longstanding
alliance and friendly relations with the United States.
(4) Annexation of the Panama Canal, owned and controlled by
Panama. During a joint session speech to Congress, Donald John
Trump stated that his Administration ``will be reclaiming the
Panama Canal''. He has refused to rule out military or economic
action against the sovereign country.
(5) Annexation of the Gaza Strip, involving the forced
resettlement of the Palestinian population to the surrounding
countries. Donald John Trump has stated that the United States
``will take over the Gaza Strip'' and ``own it''. His proposal
of taking over the Gaza Strip and the expulsion of its
population violates international law, including the Convention
on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide,
would be unconstitutional absent the approval of the United
States Congress, and is profoundly unserious in light of the
grave humanitarian situation and ongoing armed conflict in
Gaza.
Using the powers of his high office, Donald John Trump has
unlawfully conducted himself, bringing shame and embarrassment to the
office of the Presidency and the people of the United States. He has
betrayed the trust of the Nation to conduct meaningful diplomatic
negotiations as its chief diplomat and failed to maintain peaceful
economic and defense relations with foreign countries. He has
threatened the security of the United States through gross misconduct
of his office, prompting hostilities towards Americans here and abroad,
as well as foreign nations warning their citizens against visiting the
United States, further harming the Nation's economy.
Wherefore, Donald John Trump, by such conduct, has demonstrated
that he is unfit to govern a Nation by and for the people, has acted in
a manner grossly incompatible with self-governance and the rule of law,
and will remain a threat to the Constitution if allowed to remain in
office.
article iv: violation of first amendment rights
The Constitution provides that the House of Representatives ``shall
have the sole Power of Impeachment'' and that the President ``shall be
removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason,
Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors''. Further, the First
Amendment of the Constitution states ``Congress shall make no law
respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free
exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press;
or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the
Government for a redress of grievances''. In his conduct of the office
of President of the United States--and in violation of his
constitutional oath to faithfully to execute the office of President of
the United States and, to the best of his ability, preserve, protect,
and defend the Constitution of the United States, and in violation of
his constitutional duty to take care that the laws be faithfully
executed--Donald John Trump has abused the powers of the Presidency in
a manner offensive to, and subversive of, the Constitution, in that:
By his orders and directions to subordinates, retaliated against
law firms and attorneys who have advised or represented, or been
associated with those who advise or represent, litigants who displease
him, in violation of the Constitution's prohibition on retaliation
against individuals for engaging in First Amendment-protected conduct,
including the right to petition the government for redress of
grievances. Specifically, he has, barred attorneys at certain law firms
from access to Federal buildings, arbitrarily revoked security
clearances without a reasonable basis, threatened to cancel Federal
contracts with any entity engaging the targeted attorneys and firms,
and demanded pro bono services from law firms in exchange for the
discontinuation of the punitive Executive orders.
Additionally, Donald John Trump has engaged in a pattern of
unconstitutional, unlawful, and corrupt retaliation against critics and
political opponents, a flagrant violation of constitutional rights
protected by the First Amendment. He has weaponized the Department of
Justice and other agencies to engage in spurious investigations and
harassment, with no basis in law, of public figures and his perceived
political enemies.
Since taking office, Donald John Trump has directed the Department
of Justice to dismiss more than a dozen prosecutors who were involved
in investigations against him after he left office in 2021. The
Department of Justice has subsequently launched investigations into
officials involved in prior probes against Donald John Trump, in some
cases against individuals specifically named and accused in flagrantly
improper Executive orders.
Furthermore, he has made direct and unambiguous public statements
threatening media outlets, current and former officeholders, and
advocacy organizations. He has pursued meritless litigation, leveraged
his public office for private gain, and perverted the course of justice
and the integrity of the judicial system to extract tens of millions of
dollars in putative settlements, effectively acting as a conduit for
flagrant bribery and extortion. He has restricted the access of the
Associated Press after they refused to use the name ``Gulf of America''
in their reporting and has defied court orders to cease this
unconstitutional action. He has also threatened current and former
members of Congress for the exercise of their legislative and oversight
functions, an attack on the independence of Congress as a coequal
branch of government as established by the Constitution's Article I
Vesting Clause, and by the Constitution's Speech or Debate Clause, in
addition to the First Amendment.
For example, Donald John Trump has repeatedly threatened members of
the House Select Committee on the January 6th Attack on the United
States Capitol, which investigated the attack on the Capitol that
Donald John Trump instigated. Donald John Trump has sought to
intimidate the members and staff of the United States House Select
Committee on the January 6th Attack, stating that they ``should fully
understand that they are subject to investigation at the highest
level'' and expressing a desire to remove the pardons they received,
stating ``The `Pardons' that Sleepy Joe Biden gave to the Unselect
Committee of Political Thugs, and many others, are hereby declared
[void, vacant, and of no further force or effect]''.
Donald John Trump has made it clear that he will not rest until all
of his perceived political enemies are eliminated. In a speech
addressing his Department of Justice subordinates, Donald John Trump
further laid out his fascist vision for the Department of Justice. He
has targeted watchdog organizations like the Citizens for
Responsibility and Ethics in Washington, calling them ``scum'' and
independent media outlets like CNN and MSNBC, labelling them as
organizations that ``literally write 97.6 percent bad about me, are
political arms of the Democrat Party. And in my opinion, they are
really corrupt and they are illegal. What they do is illegal.''. He has
stated that newspapers critical of him are ``really no different than a
highly paid political operative. And it has to stop. It has to be
illegal. It's influencing judges . . . it just cannot be legal.''.
By these and many other actions, he has sought to outlaw dissent,
opposition, and criticism of himself and his Administration. This
attack on the constitutional rights to freedom of speech, and of
association, and of the right to petition the government for redress of
grievances, is wholly incompatible with the rights and liberties of the
People of the United States as a self-governing people under the rule
of law.
In purpose and effect, he has attempted to suppress dissent and
opposition, casting a chilling effect over the public discourse, and
striking at the core freedoms essential to a free society and
democratic elections under the Constitution.
Wherefore, Donald John Trump, by such conduct, has demonstrated
that he is unfit to govern a Nation by and for the people, has acted in
a manner grossly incompatible with self-governance and the rule of law,
and will remain a threat to the Constitution if allowed to remain in
office.
article v: creation of unlawful office
The Constitution provides that the House of Representatives ``shall
have the sole Power of Impeachment'' and that the President ``shall be
removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason,
Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors''. Further, Section 2 of
Article II of the Constitution states that the President ``shall
appoint Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, Judges of the
supreme Court, and all other Officers of the United States . . . but
the Congress may by Law vest the Appointment of such inferior Officers,
as they think proper, in the President alone, in the Courts of Law, or
in the Heads of Departments''. In his conduct of the office of
President of the United States--and in violation of his constitutional
oath to faithfully to execute the office of President of the United
States and, to the best of his ability, preserve, protect, and defend
the Constitution of the United States, and in violation of his
constitutional duty to take care that the laws be faithfully executed--
Donald John Trump has abused the powers of the Presidency in a manner
offensive to, and subversive of, the Constitution, in that:
Using the powers of his high office, Donald John Trump has, through
unlawful orders and directives, created an unlawful office, the so-
called Department of Government Efficiency (``DOGE''), and assigned an
extensive range of unlawful powers, effectively granting this
flagrantly unconstitutional creation significant control over the
executive branch. Donald John Trump has appointed Mr. Elon Musk as the
de facto head of this contrived entity, which was not created or funded
by any law, without a formal title or office. These actions have been
in direct violation of the Constitution's requirement that principal
officers of the United States must be created by law and their
appointees confirmed by the Senate, and that inferior offices must be
created by law with their appointment vested as Congress may determine.
Additionally, he has vested these powers in Mr. Musk without
complying with the constitutional requirement that all officers of the
United States be commissioned by the President and swear an oath of
office to support the Constitution. Mr. Musk has been designated as a
special government employee of the White House Office, in violation of
statutory authorization and restrictions on such designations. This
false claim has also been used to commit violations of the ethics,
disclosure, and conflict-of-interest laws applicable to government
officers and regular employees.
Contrary to the Government's claims in court, Mr. Musk has
exercised de facto control over DOGE and, through it, control over a
wide range of Government departments and agencies. This unmistakable
reality has been repeatedly and openly stated by the Trump
Administration, including by Donald John Trump's own address to
Congress on March 4, 2025. In this capacity, Mr. Musk and his
subordinates have undertaken numerous violations of the Constitution
and laws, including by--
(1) impoundment of funds appropriated by Congress;
(2) violations of privacy and security laws with respect to
sensitive information systems, personally identifiable
information, and classified material; and
(3) termination of government employees under false
pretenses and in violation of civil service laws.
These actions have vastly exceeded the terms of the formal
executive orders purporting to create DOGE under the direction of a
``U.S. DOGE Service Administrator'', an office which remained vacant
for several weeks, with the Government's own attorneys claiming in
court that the official head of DOGE was unknown to them. Since that
time, a nominal Administrator has been named, despite the repeated
avowals from the President and his Administration that Mr. Musk
controls and directs DOGE, as confirmed by ample public reporting and
Mr. Musk's own statements.
Donald John Trump has abused the powers of his high office and
breached the public trust by establishing the so-called Department of
Government Efficiency and unconstitutionally placing Mr. Musk in
control of this entity, knowingly provided false testimony to the court
regarding the leadership of the said entity, and directing the unlawful
entity to implement his agenda, in violation of the Constitution's
objective of establishing Justice and fundamental rules for how the
executive branch of the United States is to be structured and how
persons may be appointed to public office.
Wherefore, Donald John Trump, by such conduct, has demonstrated
that he is unfit to govern a Nation by and for the people, has acted in
a manner grossly incompatible with self-governance and the rule of law,
and will remain a threat to the Constitution if allowed to remain in
office.
article vi: bribery and corruption
The Constitution provides that the House of Representatives ``shall
have the sole Power of Impeachment'' and that the President ``shall be
removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason,
Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors''. Further, Section 9 of
Article I of the Constitution states that ``no Person holding any
Office of Profit or Trust under them, shall, without the Consent of the
Congress, accept of any present, Emolument, Office, or Title, of any
kind whatever, from any . . . foreign State''. In his conduct of the
office of President of the United States--and in violation of his
constitutional oath to faithfully to execute the office of President of
the United States and, to the best of his ability, preserve, protect,
and defend the Constitution of the United States, and in violation of
his constitutional duty to take care that the laws be faithfully
executed--Donald John Trump has abused the powers of the Presidency in
a manner offensive to, and subversive of, the Constitution, in that:
Donald John Trump has engaged in a pattern of unlawful corruption
for the personal profit of himself and his associates, soliciting and
accepting bribes in exchange for official actions, policy influence,
and favorable treatment from the Administration. In so doing, he has,
beyond a reasonable doubt, profiteered from public office on a scale
unprecedented in American history.
Donald John Trump has engaged in fraudulent con artist schemes
through ``pump and dump'' or ``rug pull'' tactics for cryptocurrency
tokens he has created, and at the same time, enabled a direct conduit
for bribes paid to him in exchange for official actions.
Donald John Trump has also leveraged the threat of hostile
government action and the corresponding offer of preferential treatment
in order to extract large payments in the form of settlements for
meritless and vexatious litigation he pursues in his personal capacity,
thereby corrupting both the executive branch and the judiciary. To
advance this end, Donald John Trump solicited and received $940,000,000
in pro bono services from prominent law firms to help causes he
personally supports.
Donald John Trump has refused to divest himself or take any steps
to prevent conflicts of interest in his substantial personal business
ventures, creating another conduit for the payment of bribes.
Donald John Trump has permitted and encouraged his subordinates to
violate laws regarding ethics, disclosures, and self-dealing, and
through these actions, he has enabled and encouraged corruption and
graft by his relatives, associates, and political allies.
Donald John Trump has, in these ways and others, solicited payments
from foreign governments for corrupt purposes and in flagrant violation
of the Constitution's prohibition on foreign emoluments.
Wherefore, Donald John Trump, by such conduct, has demonstrated
that he is unfit to govern a Nation by and for the people, has acted in
a manner grossly incompatible with self-governance and the rule of law,
and will remain a threat to the Constitution if allowed to remain in
office.
article vii: tyranny
The Constitution provides that the House of Representatives ``shall
have the sole Power of Impeachment'' and that the President ``shall be
removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason,
Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors''. Further, the system
of checks and balances, as well as the separation of powers, as defined
in the Constitution, work to ensure that the Office of the President
does not become tyrannical. In his conduct of the office of President
of the United States--and in violation of his constitutional oath to
faithfully to execute the office of President of the United States and,
to the best of his ability, preserve, protect, and defend the
Constitution of the United States, and in violation of his
constitutional duty to take care that the laws be faithfully executed--
Donald John Trump has abused the powers of the Presidency in a manner
offensive to, and subversive of, the Constitution, in that:
He has, by his actions and statements, sought to establish himself
as tyrant, dictator, and autocrat over the People of the United States,
usurping unto himself the constitutional powers of Congress, the
courts, and the States, and powers illegitimate and beyond the scope of
lawful government altogether.
He has claimed for himself absolute and arbitrary power, the
ability to suspend laws at whim, and utterly disregarded and betrayed
his oath to faithfully execute the office of President of the United
States and to preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of the
United States.
He has denied and violated the right of the People of the United
States to freedom of speech, and of assembly, and to petition the
government for redress of grievances.
He has denied and violated the right of the People of the United
States to due process of law and equal protection under the laws, to
fair and impartial independent courts, and to legal counsel.
He has sought to intimidate and coerce, by means including the
threat of unlawful prosecutions and by encouraging violence and threats
of violence, the Representatives and Senators in Congress.
He has denied and violated the separation of powers and the
Constitution's system of checks and balances, arrogating unto himself
the legislative and judicial powers, including the power of Congress to
levy taxes, appropriate public funds, direct the organization of
officers and agencies of the executive branch, and to make laws.
He has sought to intimidate, coerce, and extort the officers of the
several States, including those elected by the People thereof, and
thereby sought to commandeer the several States, in violation of their
sovereignty and the system of federalism established by the
Constitution of the United States.
He has sought to abrogate the citizenship clause of the 14th
Amendment to the Constitution, by means including the issuance of an
executive order that directs executive departments and agencies to
withhold citizenship from certain classes of persons who are born
within the United States.
He has repeatedly threatened and suggested that he intends to
violate the Presidential term limits established by the 22d Amendment
to the Constitution, and adopted overtly monarchical aspirations and
affectations, including by invoking and endorsing theories that he is
above the law or that his personal will constitutes the law.
In all of this, Donald John Trump has willfully disregarded Federal
laws and the Constitution, imperiled a coequal branch of Government,
and threatened the integrity of the democratic system. He thereby
betrayed his trust as President, abused the powers of the Presidency,
acted in a manner grossly incompatible with self-governance and the
rule of law, and has committed High Crimes and Misdemeanors in
attempting to establish himself as a lawless tyrant to the manifest
injury of the people of the United States.
Wherefore, Donald John Trump, by such conduct, has demonstrated
that he is unfit to govern a Nation by and for the people, has acted in
a manner grossly incompatible with self-governance and the rule of law,
and will remain a threat to the Constitution if allowed to remain in
office.
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