[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 2424 Reported in Senate (RS)]
<DOC>
Calendar No. 238
119th CONGRESS
1st Session
S. 2424
To require a report of, and a strategy to combat, arms sales of the
Government of the People's Republic of China, and for other purposes.
_______________________________________________________________________
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
July 23, 2025
Mr. Ricketts (for himself, Mr. Bennet, and Mr. Scott of Florida)
introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the
Committee on Foreign Relations
October 30, 2025
Reported by Mr. Risch, with an amendment
[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed
in italic]
_______________________________________________________________________
A BILL
To require a report of, and a strategy to combat, arms sales of the
Government of the People's Republic of China, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled,
<DELETED>SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.</DELETED>
<DELETED> This Act may be cited as the ``Tracking Hostile Industry
Networks and Kit while Thwarting Weapons Imports from Chinese Entities
Act of 2025'' or the ``THINK TWICE Act of 2025''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>SEC. 2. FINDINGS.</DELETED>
<DELETED> Congress finds the following:</DELETED>
<DELETED> (1) The People's Republic of China is the fourth
largest arms exporter behind the United States, the Russian
Federation, and France.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (2) Arms sales by entities in the People's
Republic of China are an important element of the country's
growing military power and geopolitical influence.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (3) The People's Republic of China uses arms sales
to promote strategic interests, including--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (A) improving the image and reputation of
the People's Liberation Army;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (B) acquiring performance data of Chinese-
made weapons in contested environments, which can be
utilized by the People's Liberation Army;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (C) exacerbating tensions between the
United States and traditional security
partners;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (D) gaining a foothold for further defense
and security cooperation with certain
countries;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (E) building relationships with senior
political and military leaders in other countries,
further expanding the diplomatic and strategic
influence of the People's Republic of China;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (F) protecting economic interests of the
People's Republic of China by ensuring the security of
foreign partner governments to safeguard Chinese
investments and Chinese workers;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (G) exerting influence over the
progression of conflicts to serve the broader
geostrategic aims of the People's Republic of
China;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (H) improving military operations and
capabilities of partner states, thereby stabilizing
regions of interest by addressing local issues, such as
disturbances near the border of the People's Republic
of China; and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (I) subsidizing the research and
development and production costs of weapons systems of
the People's Republic of China.</DELETED>
<DELETED>SEC. 3. REPORT ON ARMS SALES OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF
CHINA.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Secretary of
Defense, in coordination with the Secretary of State, shall submit to
the appropriate congressional committees a report on arms sales
facilitated by entities in the People's Republic of China.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (b) Contents.--The report required by subsection (a) shall
include an analysis of--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (1) the weapons systems and defense equipment
originating from the People's Republic of China available for
purchase;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (2) the technical aspects and capabilities of such
weapons systems and defense equipment;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (3) how such weapons systems and defense equipment
may impact the balance of power in the area of responsibility
of each United States Combatant Command, when
applicable;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (4) the weapons systems and defense equipment
originating from the People's Republic of China that are
considered direct alternatives to weapons systems and defense
equipment originating from the United States;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (5) the weapons systems and defense equipment
originating from the People's Republic of China that present
the greatest security risks regarding the potential to collect
intelligence on or compromise assets, weapons, or platforms of
the United States;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (6) the countries mostly likely to procure weapons
systems and defense equipment originating from the People's
Republic of China, including the specific type, quantity, and
estimated value in United States dollars of weapons, during the
1-year period following the date of the submission of the
report;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (7) the weapons systems and defense equipment in
development as of the date of the submission of the report by
entities in the People's Republic of China that could be
available on the global market not later than 5 years after
such date;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (8) the factors that incentivize countries to
procure such weapons systems and defense equipment, including
costs, flexible payment conditions and financing, a lack of
end-user agreements, and speed of sale and delivery;
and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (9) the strategy of the People's Republic of China
regarding arms sales and variables that could influence such
strategy.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (c) Form.--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (1) In general.--The report required by subsection
(a) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but shall include
a classified annex.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (2) Classified annex.--The classified annex
required by paragraph (1) shall contain--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (A) an assessment by the National
Intelligence Council of the contents required by
subsection (b); and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (B) an assessment by the Director of
National Intelligence of the counterintelligence risks
and risks of onward proliferation of technology and
defense systems originating in the United States and
created through the purchase, deployment, and use of
weapons systems and defense equipment originating from
the People's Republic of China by United States allies
and partners.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (d) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.--In this
section, the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
</DELETED>
<DELETED> (1) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee
on Foreign Relations, and the Select Committee on Intelligence
of the Senate; and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (2) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee
on Foreign Affairs, and the Permanent Select Committee on
Intelligence of the House of Representatives.</DELETED>
<DELETED>SEC. 4. STRATEGY TO COMBAT ARMS SALES OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC
OF CHINA.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in coordination with
the Secretary of Defense, shall develop a strategy to dissuade
purchases of new weapons systems and defense equipment, excluding spare
parts or parts for maintenance of previously procured weapons,
originating from the People's Republic of China.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (b) Elements.--The strategy shall include the following
elements:</DELETED>
<DELETED> (1) An information campaign targeting countries
interested in procuring weapons systems and defense equipment
originating from the People's Republic of China to warn such
countries about--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (A) potential risks, including the lack of
a proven track record in combat, insufficient training
on the operation of the weapon or weapons system,
reliability issues, and the lack of maintenance and
spare parts available;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (B) the inability to integrate such
weapons systems and defense equipment with weapons
systems and defense equipment from the United States;
and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (C) the potential limitation of future
security cooperation with the United States that could
arise if such weapons are acquired.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (2) A description of actions the United States can
take, including reforms to the foreign military sales, direct
commercial sales, and foreign military financing processes, to
make weapons systems and defense equipment from the United
States more attractive to prospective buyers of weapons systems
or defense equipment originating from the People's Republic of
China.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (3) A description of actions defense firms of the
United States can take to provide competitive alternatives to
prospective buyers of weapons systems and defense equipment
originating from the People's Republic of China.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (4) An analysis of whether the use of sanctions,
export controls, or other economic restrictions targeting
buyers of new weapons systems or defense equipment originating
from the People's Republic of China could serve as an effective
deterrent.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (5) A plan to ensure sufficient representation of
defense firms of the United States, or trusted allies, at
defense expositions where defense firms of the People's
Republic of China are also attending.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (6) A plan to combat Chinese disinformation
campaigns targeting the performance of weapons or platforms
produced by the United States or trusted allies.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (7) A plan to ensure close coordination with
Congress to prevent disjointed engagement with
countries.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (c) Report and Implementation Plan.--Not later than the
date on which the strategy required by subsection (a) is completed, the
Secretary of State shall submit to the appropriate congressional
committees a report detailing the strategy and a plan for
implementation.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (d) Form.--The report required by subsection (c) shall be
submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified
annex.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (e) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.--In this
section, the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
</DELETED>
<DELETED> (1) the Committee on Armed Services and the
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate; and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (2) the Committee on Armed Services and the
Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of
Representatives.</DELETED>
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ``Tracking Hostile Industry Networks
and Kit while Thwarting Weapons Imports from Chinese Entities Act of
2025'' or the ``THINK TWICE Act of 2025''.
SEC. 2. ASSESSMENT OF CHINESE ARMS SALES.
(a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the
enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter for 3 years, the
Director of National Intelligence, in coordination with the Secretary
of Defense and the Secretary of State, shall submit to the appropriate
congressional committees a report on arms sales facilitated by entities
in the People's Republic of China.
(b) Contents.--The report required by subsection (a) shall include
an analysis of--
(1) the weapons systems and military equipment originating
from the People's Republic of China available for purchase by
foreign countries, including such weapons systems and military
equipment available for purchase by or for the ultimate use of
non-state actors;
(2) the technical aspects and capabilities of such weapons
systems and military equipment;
(3) how such weapons systems and military equipment may
impact the balance of power in the area of responsibility of
each geographic combatant command, when applicable;
(4) the weapons systems and military equipment originating
from the People's Republic of China that are considered direct
alternatives to weapons systems and military equipment
originating from the United States;
(5) the weapons systems and military equipment originating
from the People's Republic of China that present the greatest
security risks regarding the potential to collect intelligence
on or compromise assets, weapons, or platforms of the United
States;
(6) the countries and non-state actors most likely to
procure weapons systems and military equipment originating from
the People's Republic of China, including the specific type,
quantity, and estimated value in United States dollars of
weapons, during the 1-year period following the date of the
submission of the report;
(7) the weapons systems and military equipment in
development as of the date of the submission of the report by
entities in the People's Republic of China that could be
available on the global market not later than 5 years after
such date;
(8) the factors that incentivize countries to procure such
weapons systems and military equipment, including costs,
flexible payment conditions and financing, a lack of end-user
agreements, and speed of sale and delivery;
(9) the strategy of the People's Republic of China
regarding arms sales and variables that could influence such
strategy; and
(10) the entities in the People's Republic of China that,
through the facilitation of arms sales, have violated United
Nations Security Council resolutions restricting the supply,
sale, or transfer to the Islamic Republic of Iran and the
Democratic People's Republic of Korea of arms, including United
Nations Security Council Resolution 1747 (2007) and United
Nations Security Council Resolution 1929 (2010).
(c) Form.--
(1) In general.--The report required by subsection (a)
shall be submitted in unclassified form, but shall include a
classified annex.
(2) Classified annex.--The classified annex required by
paragraph (1) shall contain an assessment by the Director of
National Intelligence of--
(A) the contents required by subsection (b); and
(B) the counterintelligence risks and risks of
onward proliferation of technology and defense systems
originating in the United States and created through
the purchase, deployment, and use of weapons systems
and military equipment originating from the People's
Republic of China by United States allies and partners.
(d) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.--In this section,
the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
(1) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on
Foreign Relations, and the Select Committee on Intelligence of
the Senate; and
(2) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on
Foreign Affairs, and the Permanent Select Committee on
Intelligence of the House of Representatives.
SEC. 3. STRATEGY TO COMBAT ARMS SALES OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF
CHINA.
(a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in coordination with the
Secretary of Defense, shall develop a strategy to dissuade purchases of
new weapons systems and military equipment, excluding spare parts or
parts for maintenance of previously procured weapons, originating from
the People's Republic of China.
(b) Elements.--The strategy shall include the following elements:
(1) An information campaign targeting countries interested
in procuring weapons systems and military equipment originating
from the People's Republic of China to warn such countries
about--
(A) potential risks, including the lack of a proven
track record in combat, insufficient training on the
operation of the weapon or weapons system, reliability
issues, and the lack of maintenance and spare parts
available;
(B) the inability to integrate such weapons systems
and military equipment with weapons systems and
military equipment from the United States; and
(C) the potential limitation of future security
cooperation with the United States that could arise if
such weapons are acquired.
(2) A description of actions the United States Government
can take, including creative financing and subsidized pricing,
to make weapons systems and military equipment from the United
States more attractive to prospective buyers of weapons systems
or military equipment originating from the People's Republic of
China.
(3) An analysis of whether the use of sanctions, export
controls, or other economic restrictions targeting buyers of
new weapons systems or military equipment originating from the
People's Republic of China could serve as an effective
deterrent.
(4) A description of actions defense firms of the United
States can take to provide competitive alternatives to
prospective buyers of weapons systems and military equipment
originating from the People's Republic of China.
(5) A plan to combat Chinese disinformation campaigns
targeting the performance of weapons or platforms produced by
the United States or trusted allies.
(6) A plan to ensure close coordination with Congress to
prevent disjointed engagement with countries.
(c) Report and Implementation Plan.--Not later than the date on
which the strategy required by subsection (a) is completed, the
Secretary of State shall submit to the appropriate congressional
committees a report detailing the strategy and a plan for
implementation.
(d) Form.--The report required by subsection (c) shall be submitted
in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex.
(e) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.--In this section,
the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
(1) the Committee on Armed Services and the Committee on
Foreign Relations of the Senate; and
(2) the Committee on Armed Services and the Committee on
Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives.
Calendar No. 238
119th CONGRESS
1st Session
S. 2424
_______________________________________________________________________
A BILL
To require a report of, and a strategy to combat, arms sales of the
Government of the People's Republic of China, and for other purposes.
_______________________________________________________________________
October 30, 2025
Reported with an amendment