[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 2433 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

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119th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                S. 2433

    To require providers to disclose policies regarding the minimum 
gestational age at which life-saving care will be provided to an infant 
                   in the case of a premature birth.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                             July 24, 2025

  Mr. Cotton (for himself, Mr. Scott of Florida, Ms. Lummis, and Mrs. 
  Hyde-Smith) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and 
  referred to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
    To require providers to disclose policies regarding the minimum 
gestational age at which life-saving care will be provided to an infant 
                   in the case of a premature birth.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Neonatal Care Transparency Act of 
2025''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds as follows:
            (1) Different hospitals have varying capacities to 
        resuscitate premature babies.
            (2) There are parents of premature babies who have arrived 
        at level 3 and level 4 neonatal intensive care units expecting 
        medical intervention, only to find that life-saving treatment 
        is not offered for babies born before a certain gestational 
        point.
            (3) Some hospitals in the United States universally forgo 
        intensive care for babies born before 22 weeks gestation, while 
        others provide such care to nearly all babies born alive.
            (4) Data indicates that neonatal outcomes are best for 
        premature babies when the baby is born at a center that 
        consistently intervenes with life-saving treatment.
            (5) Parents deserve a new level of obstetric and neonatal 
        transparency to ensure medical excellence in circumstances of 
        extreme prematurity and parental consent to the course of 
        treatment.

SEC. 3. DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) Hospital Requirement.--Each hospital shall publicly disclose 
the policy of such hospital regarding the provision of life-saving care 
to an infant in the case of a premature birth, including--
            (1) whether there is a minimum gestational age at which 
        life-saving care will be provided to an infant in the case of a 
        premature birth;
            (2) whether the decision to provide life-saving care to an 
        infant in the case of a premature birth is made on a case-by-
        case basis; and
            (3) the process by which the hospital, in the case of a 
        premature birth or expected premature birth, would transfer the 
        infant and mother to the nearest facility with a neonatal 
        intensive care unit that would provide life-saving care to the 
        infant, if the hospital does not have the capacity to provide 
        life-saving care to such infant.
    (b) Practitioner Requirement.--Each obstetrician, or other health 
care practitioner who provides obstetric services to patients, shall, 
at the first prenatal visit of a patient, disclose to the patient the 
policy of any hospital at which the obstetrician or practitioner has 
admitting privileges regarding the provision of life-saving care to an 
infant in the case of a premature birth, including--
            (1) whether there is a minimum gestational age at which 
        life-saving care will be provided to an infant in the case of a 
        premature birth;
            (2) whether the decision to provide life-saving care to an 
        infant in the case of a premature birth is made on a case-by-
        case basis; and
            (3) the process by which the hospital, in the case of a 
        premature birth or expected premature birth, would arrange for 
        the transfer the infant and mother to the nearest facility with 
        a neonatal intensive care unit that would provide life-saving 
        care to the infant, if the facility in which the practitioner 
        is providing services does not have the capacity to provide 
        life-saving care to such infant.

SEC. 4. HOSPITAL DISCLOSURES REGARDING CARE FOR PREMATURE BIRTHS.

    Section 1866(a)(1) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
1395cc(a)(1)) is amended--
            (1) by moving subparagraphs (W) and (X) 2 ems to the left;
            (2) in subparagraph (X), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (3) in subparagraph (Y), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting ``, and''; and
            (4) by inserting after subparagraph (Y) the following new 
        subparagraph:
                    ``(Z) beginning on or after January 1, 2026, in the 
                case of a hospital, to--
                            ``(i) satisfy the disclosure requirement 
                        under section 3(a) of the Neonatal Care 
                        Transparency Act of 2025; and
                            ``(ii) require each practitioner that 
                        provides obstetric services at such hospital to 
                        satisfy the disclosure requirement under 
                        section 3(b) of such Act.''.

SEC. 5. PROHIBITING FEDERAL MEDICAID AND CHIP FUNDING FOR HOSPITALS AND 
              OBSTETRICS PROVIDERS THAT DO NOT SATISFY DISCLOSURE 
              REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) In General.--Section 1903(i) of the Social Security Act (42 
U.S.C. 1396b(i)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (26), by striking ``; or'' and inserting a 
        semicolon;
            (2) in paragraph (27), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting ``; or'';
            (3) by inserting after paragraph (27) the following new 
        paragraph:
            ``(28) with respect to any amounts expended for care or 
        services furnished under the plan by a hospital or by a health 
        care provider who provides obstetric services to individuals 
        who are eligible for medical assistance under the plan unless 
        such hospital or provider satisfies the disclosure requirements 
        described in section 3 of Neonatal Care Transparency Act of 
        2025.''; and
            (4) in the third sentence, by striking ``and (18)'' and 
        inserting ``(18), and (28)''.
    (b) Application to CHIP.--Section 2107(e)(1)(O) of the Social 
Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1397gg(e)(1)(O)) is amended by striking ``and 
(17)'' and inserting ``(17), and (28)''.
    (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this subsection shall 
take effect on the date that is 180 days after the date of enactment of 
this Act.
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