[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 2457 Introduced in Senate (IS)]
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119th CONGRESS
1st Session
S. 2457
To authorize dedicated domestic terrorism offices within the Department
of Homeland Security, the Department of Justice, and the Federal Bureau
of Investigation to analyze and monitor domestic terrorist activity and
require the Federal Government to take steps to prevent domestic
terrorism.
_______________________________________________________________________
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
July 24, 2025
Mr. Durbin introduced the following bill; which was read twice and
referred to the Committee on the Judiciary
_______________________________________________________________________
A BILL
To authorize dedicated domestic terrorism offices within the Department
of Homeland Security, the Department of Justice, and the Federal Bureau
of Investigation to analyze and monitor domestic terrorist activity and
require the Federal Government to take steps to prevent domestic
terrorism.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ``Domestic Terrorism Prevention Act of
2025''.
SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.
In this Act--
(1) the term ``Director'' means the Director of the Federal
Bureau of Investigation;
(2) the term ``domestic terrorism'' has the meaning given
the term in section 2331 of title 18, United States Code;
(3) the term ``hate crime incident'' means an act described
in section 241, 245, 247, or 249 of title 18, United States
Code, or in section 901 of the Civil Rights Act of 1968 (42
U.S.C. 3631);
(4) the term ``Secretary'', except as otherwise provided,
means the Secretary of Homeland Security; and
(5) the term ``uniformed services'' has the meaning given
the term in section 101(a) of title 10, United States Code.
SEC. 3. OFFICES TO COMBAT DOMESTIC TERRORISM.
(a) Authorization of Offices To Monitor, Analyze, Investigate, and
Prosecute Domestic Terrorism.--
(1) Domestic terrorism unit.--There is authorized a
Domestic Terrorism Unit in the Office of Intelligence and
Analysis of the Department of Homeland Security, which shall be
responsible for monitoring and analyzing domestic terrorism
activity.
(2) Domestic terrorism office.--There is authorized a
Domestic Terrorism Office in the Counterterrorism Section of
the National Security Division of the Department of Justice--
(A) which shall be responsible for investigating
and prosecuting incidents of domestic terrorism;
(B) which shall be headed by the Domestic Terrorism
Counsel; and
(C) which shall coordinate with the Civil Rights
Division on domestic terrorism matters that may also be
hate crime incidents.
(3) Domestic terrorism section of the fbi.--There is
authorized a Domestic Terrorism Section within the
Counterterrorism Division of the Federal Bureau of
Investigation, which shall be responsible for investigating
domestic terrorism activity.
(4) Staffing.--The Secretary, the Attorney General, and the
Director shall each ensure that each office authorized under
this section in their respective agencies shall--
(A) have an adequate number of employees to perform
the required duties;
(B) have not less than one employee dedicated to
ensuring compliance with civil rights and civil
liberties laws and regulations; and
(C) require that all employees undergo annual anti-
bias training.
(5) Sunset.--The offices authorized under this subsection
shall terminate on the date that is 10 years after the date of
enactment of this Act.
(b) Joint Report on Domestic Terrorism.--
(1) Biannual report required.--Not later than 180 days
after the date of enactment of this Act, and every 6 months
thereafter for the 10-year period beginning on the date of
enactment of this Act, the Secretary, the Attorney General, and
the Director shall submit a joint report authored by the
domestic terrorism offices authorized under paragraphs (1),
(2), and (3) of subsection (a) to--
(A) the Committee on the Judiciary, the Committee
on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, and the
Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate; and
(B) the Committee on the Judiciary, the Committee
on Homeland Security, and the Permanent Select
Committee on Intelligence of the House of
Representatives.
(2) Contents.--Each report submitted under paragraph (1)
shall include--
(A) an assessment of the domestic terrorism threat
posed by White supremacists and neo-Nazis, including
White supremacist and neo-Nazi infiltration of Federal,
State, and local law enforcement agencies and the
uniformed services;
(B)(i) in the first report, an analysis of
incidents or attempted incidents of domestic terrorism
that have occurred in the United States since April 19,
1995, including any White supremacist-related incidents
or attempted incidents; and
(ii) in each subsequent report, an analysis of
incidents or attempted incidents of domestic terrorism
that occurred in the United States during the preceding
6 months, including any White supremacist-related
incidents or attempted incidents;
(C) a quantitative analysis of domestic terrorism
for the preceding 6 months, including--
(i) the number of--
(I) domestic terrorism-related
assessments initiated by the Federal
Bureau of Investigation, including the
number of assessments from each
category and subcategory, with a
specific category or subcategory for
assessments related to White
supremacism;
(II) domestic terrorism-related
preliminary investigations initiated by
the Federal Bureau of Investigation,
including the number of preliminary
investigations from each category and
subcategory, with a specific category
or subcategory for preliminary
investigations related to White
supremacism, and how many preliminary
investigations resulted from
assessments;
(III) domestic terrorism-related
full investigations initiated by the
Federal Bureau of Investigation,
including the number of full
investigations from each category and
subcategory, with a specific category
or subcategory for full investigations
related to White supremacism, and how
many full investigations resulted from
preliminary investigations and
assessments;
(IV) domestic terrorism-related
incidents, including the number of
incidents from each category and
subcategory, with a specific category
or subcategory for incidents related to
White supremacism, the number of deaths
and injuries resulting from each
incident, and a detailed explanation of
each incident;
(V) Federal domestic terrorism-
related arrests, including the number
of arrests from each category and
subcategory, with a specific category
or subcategory for arrests related to
White supremacism, and a detailed
explanation of each arrest;
(VI) Federal domestic terrorism-
related indictments, including the
number of indictments from each
category and subcategory, with a
specific category or subcategory for
indictments related to White
supremacism, and a detailed explanation
of each indictment;
(VII) Federal domestic terrorism-
related prosecutions, including the
number of prosecutions from each
category and subcategory, with a
specific category or subcategory for
prosecutions related to White
supremacism, and a detailed explanation
of each prosecution;
(VIII) Federal domestic terrorism-
related convictions, including the
number of convictions from each
category and subcategory, with a
specific category or subcategory for
convictions related to White
supremacism, and a detailed explanation
of each conviction; and
(IX) Federal domestic terrorism-
related weapons recoveries, including
the number of each type of weapon and
the number of weapons from each
category and subcategory, with a
specific category or subcategory for
weapons recoveries related to White
supremacism; and
(ii) an explanation of each individual case
that progressed through more than one of the
stages described in clause (i)--
(I) including the specific category
or subcategory for the case; and
(II) not including personally
identifiable information not otherwise
releasable to the public; and
(D) a certification that each of the assessments
and investigations described in subparagraph (C) is in
compliance with all applicable civil rights and civil
liberties laws and regulations.
(3) Hate crimes.--In compiling a joint report under this
subsection, the domestic terrorism offices authorized under
paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) of subsection (a) shall, in
consultation with the Civil Rights Division of the Department
of Justice and the Civil Rights Unit of the Federal Bureau of
Investigation, review each Federal hate crime charge and
conviction during the preceding 6 months to determine whether
the incident also constitutes a domestic terrorism-related
incident.
(4) Classification and public release.--Each report
submitted under paragraph (1) shall be--
(A) unclassified, to the greatest extent possible,
with a classified annex only if necessary; and
(B) in the case of the unclassified portion of the
report, posted on the public websites of the Department
of Homeland Security, the Department of Justice, and
the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
(5) Nonduplication.--If 2 or more provisions of this
subsection or any other law impose requirements on an agency to
report or analyze information on domestic terrorism that are
substantially similar, the agency may produce one report that
complies with each such requirement as fully as possible.
(c) Domestic Terrorism Executive Committee.--
(1) In general.--There is authorized a Domestic Terrorism
Executive Committee (in this subsection referred to as the
``Committee'') within the Department of Justice.
(2) Membership.--The members of the Committee shall
include--
(A) a representative from the Terrorism and
National Security Subcommittee of the Attorney
General's Advisory Committee of United States
Attorneys;
(B) a representative from the Counterterrorism
Section of the National Security Division of the
Department of Justice;
(C) a representative from the Criminal Section of
the Civil Rights Division of the Department of Justice;
(D) a representative from the Domestic Terrorism
Section of the Counterterrorism Division of the Federal
Bureau of Investigation authorized under subsection
(a)(3); and
(E) a representative from the Domestic Terrorism
Unit of the Office of Intelligence and Analysis of the
Department of Homeland Security authorized under
subsection (a)(1).
(3) Duties.--The Committee shall--
(A) meet on a regular basis, and not less
frequently than 4 times each year, to coordinate with
United States Attorneys and other key public safety
officials across the United States to promote
information sharing and ensure an effective,
responsive, and organized joint effort to combat
domestic terrorism; and
(B) convene local forums, not less frequently than
4 times each year, to connect community groups with
Federal law enforcement agencies to--
(i) help increase community understanding
and reporting of domestic terrorism;
(ii) build trust between law enforcement
agencies and the communities most impacted by
domestic terrorism; and
(iii) create and strengthen alliances
between law enforcement agencies and other
government partners and groups to combat
domestic terrorism.
(d) Focus on Greatest Threats.--The domestic terrorism offices
authorized under paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) of subsection (a) shall
focus their limited resources on the most significant domestic
terrorism threats, as determined by the number of domestic terrorism-
related incidents from each category and subcategory in the joint
report for the preceding 6 months required under subsection (b).
SEC. 4. TRAINING TO COMBAT DOMESTIC TERRORISM.
(a) Required Training and Resources.--The Secretary, the Attorney
General, and the Director shall review the anti-terrorism training and
resource programs of their respective agencies that are provided to
Federal, State, local, and Tribal law enforcement agencies, including
the State and Local Anti-Terrorism Program that is funded by the Bureau
of Justice Assistance of the Department of Justice, and ensure that
such programs include training and resources to assist State, local,
and Tribal law enforcement agencies in understanding, detecting,
deterring, and investigating acts of domestic terrorism and White
supremacist and neo-Nazi infiltration of law enforcement and
corrections agencies. The Attorney General shall make training
available to Department prosecutors and to Assistant United States
Attorneys on countering and prosecuting domestic terrorism. The
domestic-terrorism training shall focus on the most significant
domestic terrorism threats, as determined by the quantitative analysis
in the joint report required under section 3(b).
(b) Requirement.--Any individual who provides domestic terrorism
training required under this section shall have--
(1) expertise in domestic terrorism; and
(2) relevant academic, law enforcement, or other community-
based experience in matters related to domestic terrorism.
(c) Report.--
(1) In general.--Not later than 6 months after the date of
enactment of this Act and twice each year thereafter, the
Secretary, the Attorney General, and the Director shall each
submit a report to the committees of Congress described in
section 3(b)(1) on the domestic terrorism training implemented
by their respective agencies under this section, which shall
include copies of all training materials used and the names and
qualifications of the individuals who provide the training.
(2) Classification and public release.--Each report
submitted under paragraph (1) shall--
(A) be unclassified, to the greatest extent
possible, with a classified annex only if necessary;
and
(B) in the case of the unclassified portion of each
report, be posted on the respective public website of
the Department of Homeland Security, the Department of
Justice, or the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
SEC. 5. INTERAGENCY TASK FORCE.
(a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
enactment of this Act, the Attorney General, the Director, the
Secretary, and the Secretary of Defense shall establish an interagency
task force to analyze and combat White supremacist and neo-Nazi
infiltration of the uniformed services and Federal law enforcement
agencies.
(b) Report.--
(1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the
interagency task force is established under subsection (a), the
Attorney General, the Director, the Secretary, and the
Secretary of Defense shall submit a joint report on the
findings of the task force and the response of the Attorney
General, the Secretary, and the Secretary of Defense to such
findings, to--
(A) the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate;
(B) the Committee on Homeland Security and
Governmental Affairs of the Senate;
(C) the Select Committee on Intelligence of the
Senate;
(D) the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate;
(E) the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of
Representatives;
(F) the Committee on Homeland Security of the House
of Representatives;
(G) the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence
of the House of Representatives; and
(H) the Committee on Armed Services of the House of
Representatives.
(2) Classification and public release.--The report
submitted under paragraph (1) shall be--
(A) submitted in unclassified form, to the greatest
extent possible, with a classified annex only if
necessary; and
(B) in the case of the unclassified portion of the
report, posted on the public website of the Department
of Justice, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the
Department of Homeland Security, and the Department of
Defense.
SEC. 6. FEDERAL SUPPORT FOR ADDRESSING HATE CRIME INCIDENTS WITH A
NEXUS TO DOMESTIC TERRORISM.
(a) Community Relations Service.--The Community Relations Service
of the Department of Justice, authorized under section 1001(a) of the
Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000g), may offer the support of
the Service to communities where the Department of Justice has brought
charges in a hate crime incident that has a nexus to domestic
terrorism.
(b) Federal Bureau of Investigation.--Section 249 of title 18,
United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:
``(f) Federal Bureau of Investigation.--The Attorney General,
acting through the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation,
shall assign a special agent or hate crimes liaison to each field
office of the Federal Bureau of Investigation to investigate hate
crimes incidents (as defined in section 2 of the Domestic Terrorism
Prevention Act of 2025) with a nexus to domestic terrorism (as defined
in such section 2).''.
SEC. 7. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.
Nothing in this Act, or any amendment made by this Act, may be
construed to authorize the infringement or violation of any right
protected under the First Amendment to the Constitution of the United
States or an applicable provision of Federal law.
SEC. 8. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.
There are authorized to be appropriated to the Department of
Justice, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Department of
Homeland Security, and the Department of Defense such sums as may be
necessary to carry out this Act and the amendments made by this Act.
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