[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 2954 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>






119th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                S. 2954

 To establish grant programs for health professional schools, and for 
                            other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                           September 30, 2025

  Mr. Sanders (for himself and Mr. Merkley) introduced the following 
  bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Health, 
                     Education, Labor, and Pensions

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
 To establish grant programs for health professional schools, and for 
                            other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Health Care Workforce Expansion Act 
of 2025''.

SEC. 2. GRANT PROGRAMS FOR HEALTH PROFESSIONAL SCHOOLS.

    (a) MED, DENTAL, and NURSE Grants.--Part A of title IV of the 
Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070) is amended by adding at 
the end the following:

                        ``Subpart 11--MED Grants

``SEC. 420S. DEFINITIONS.

    ``For the purposes of this subpart:
            ``(1) Eligible institution.--The term `eligible 
        institution' means an institution of higher education, as 
        defined in section 101, that is a school of medicine or school 
        of osteopathic medicine as defined in section 799B of the 
        Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 295p).
            ``(2) Medical school candidate.--The term `medical school 
        candidate' means a student in attendance at an eligible 
        institution pursuing a professional doctor of medicine or 
        doctor of osteopathic medicine degree.

``SEC. 420T. PROGRAM ESTABLISHED.

    ``(a) Program Authority.--
            ``(1) Payments required.--The Secretary shall pay to each 
        eligible institution such sums as may be necessary to pay to 
        each medical school candidate who files an application and 
        agreement in accordance with section 420U, and who qualifies 
        under such section, a MED Grant in the amount of tuition and 
        required fees for each year during which that medical school 
        candidate is in attendance at the institution.
            ``(2) References.--Grants made under paragraph (1) shall be 
        known as `MED Grants'.
    ``(b) Payment Methodology.--
            ``(1) Prepayment.--Not less than 85 percent of any funds 
        provided to an eligible institution under subsection (a) shall 
        be advanced to the eligible institution prior to the start of 
        each payment period and shall be based upon an amount requested 
        by the institution as needed to pay medical school candidates 
        until such time as the Secretary determines and publishes in 
        the Federal Register with an opportunity for comment, an 
        alternative payment system that provides payments to 
        institutions in an accurate and timely manner, except that this 
        sentence shall not be construed to limit the authority of the 
        Secretary to place an institution on a reimbursement system of 
        payment.
            ``(2) Direct payment.--Nothing in this section shall be 
        interpreted to prohibit the Secretary from paying directly to 
        medical school candidates, in advance of the beginning of the 
        academic term, an amount for which medical school candidates 
        are eligible, in cases where the eligible institution elects 
        not to participate in the disbursement system required by 
        paragraph (1).
    ``(c) No Exceeding Cost.--The amount of a grant awarded under this 
subpart, in combination with Federal assistance, shall not exceed the 
cost of attendance (as defined in section 472) at the eligible 
institution at which that medical school candidate is in attendance.
    ``(d) Period of Eligibility for Grants.--The period during which a 
medical school candidate may receive a MED grant under this subpart 
shall be the period required for the completion of the professional 
medical degree being pursued by the medical school candidate at the 
eligible institution at which the medical school candidate is in 
attendance, except that the period during which a medical school 
candidate may receive a MED Grant under this subpart shall not exceed 8 
years.

``SEC. 420U. APPLICATION; AWARD.

    ``(a) Application; Award.--
            ``(1) Application.--The Secretary shall periodically set 
        dates by which medical school candidates shall file 
        applications for grants under this subpart. Each medical school 
        candidate desiring a grant under this subpart for any year 
        shall file an application containing such information as is 
        necessary to demonstrate that the medical school candidate--
                    ``(A) is an eligible student for purposes of 
                section 484;
                    ``(B) has completed a FAFSA;
                    ``(C) would like to receive a MED grant; and
                    ``(D) understands and agrees to the terms and 
                conditions of the agreement to serve described in 
                subparagraph (b).
            ``(2) Award.--The Secretary shall award a MED grant to each 
        eligible medical school candidate who meets the requirements 
        described in paragraph (1) for each year that the application 
        under such paragraph is submitted and such requirements are 
        met.
    ``(b) Agreements To Serve.--Each application under subsection (a) 
shall contain or be accompanied by an agreement by the applicant that--
            ``(1) the applicant will--
                    ``(A) practice primary care, as defined in section 
                1886 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395ww), as 
                a physician for at least 10 years after their related 
                training is completed (including residency or 
                fellowship programs) within 15 years after completing 
                the degree for which the applicant received a MED Grant 
                under this subpart or such related training (referred 
                to in this section as the `service obligation window'); 
                and
                    ``(B) annually submit an employment certification, 
                for each year of service, showing that the requirement 
                under subparagraph (A) is being met;
            ``(2) in the event that the applicant is determined to have 
        failed or refused to carry out such service obligation, a 
        specified amount of any MED Grants received by such applicant 
        will be treated as a loan and collected from the applicant in 
        accordance with subsection (c) and the regulations thereunder; 
        and
            ``(3) contains, or is accompanied by, a plain-language 
        disclosure form developed by the Secretary that clearly 
        describes the nature of the MED Grant award, the service 
        obligation, and the loan repayment requirements that are the 
        consequence of the failure to complete the service obligation.
    ``(c) Repayment for Failure To Complete Service.--
            ``(1) In general.--In the event that any recipient of a 
        grant under this subpart fails or refuses to comply with the 
        service obligation in the agreement under subsection (b), a 
        specified amount as described in paragraph (3) of the MED 
        Grants received by such recipient shall, upon a determination 
        of such a failure or refusal in such service obligation, be 
        converted to a Federal Direct Unsubsidized Stafford Loan under 
        part D of title IV, and shall be subject to repayment, in 
        accordance with paragraph (2).
            ``(2) Interest and repayment.--Amounts that are converted 
        to a Direct Unsubsidized Stafford Loan under paragraph (1) 
        shall accrue interest at the rate applicable to such Direct 
        Unsubsidized Stafford Loans for borrowers as of the date of 
        conversion, and the recipient shall be eligible for the same 
        repayment plans and borrower protections with respect to such 
        converted loans as that recipient would otherwise be eligible 
        for with respect to a Federal Direct Unsubsidized Stafford Loan 
        under part D of title IV for a borrower that is disbursed on 
        the same date.
            ``(3) Specified amount to be repaid.--
                    ``(A) 5 years or less.--If a MED Grant recipient 
                has completed 5 years or less of required service, the 
                lesser of--
                            ``(i) the total amount of MED grants 
                        received by the recipient; or
                            ``(ii) $50,000.
                    ``(B) Greater than 5 years and less than 10 
                years.--If a MED Grant recipient has completed more 
                than 5 years of required service but less than 10 years 
                of required service, the lesser of--
                            ``(i) the total amount of MED grants 
                        received by the recipient; or
                            ``(ii) $25,000.
                    ``(C) Cap.--The amount of MED Grants that is 
                converted to a loan and required to be repaid under 
                this subsection shall not exceed $50,000.
            ``(4) Reconsideration of conversion decisions.--
                    ``(A) Request to reconsider.--In any case where the 
                Secretary has determined that a recipient of a grant 
                under this subpart has failed or refused to comply with 
                the service obligation in the agreement under 
                subsection (b) and has converted the grant into a 
                Federal Direct Unsubsidized Stafford Loan under part D 
                in accordance with paragraph (1), (including cases 
                where such loans have been fully or partially paid), 
                the recipient may request that the Secretary reconsider 
                such initial determination and may submit additional 
                information to demonstrate satisfaction of the service 
                obligation. Upon receipt of such a request, the 
                Secretary shall reconsider the determination in 
                accordance with this paragraph not later than 90 days 
                after the date that such request was received.
                    ``(B) Reconsideration.--If, in reconsidering an 
                initial determination under subparagraph (A) (including 
                cases where such loans were fully or partially paid), 
                the Secretary determines that the reason for such 
                determination was the recipient's failure to timely 
                submit a certification required under subsection 
                (b)(1)(B), an error or processing delay by the 
                Secretary, a change to the fields considered eligible 
                for fulfillment of the service obligation (as described 
                in subsection (b)(1)(A)), a recipient having previously 
                requested to have the MED Grant converted to a loan, or 
                another valid reason determined by the Secretary, and 
                that the recipient has, as of the date of the 
                reconsideration, demonstrated that the recipient did 
                meet, or is meeting the service obligation in the 
                agreement under subsection (b), the Secretary shall--
                            ``(i) discharge the Federal Direct 
                        Unsubsidized Stafford Loan under part D, and 
                        reinstate the recipient's grant under this 
                        subpart;
                            ``(ii) discharge any interest or fees that 
                        may have accumulated during the period that the 
                        grant was converted to a Federal Direct 
                        Unsubsidized Stafford Loan under part D;
                            ``(iii) if the recipient has other loans 
                        under part D, apply any payments made for the 
                        Federal Direct Unsubsidized Stafford Loan under 
                        part D during such period to those other loans 
                        under part D;
                            ``(iv) if the recipient does not have other 
                        loans under part D, reimburse the recipient for 
                        any amounts paid on the Federal Direct 
                        Unsubsidized Stafford Loan under part D during 
                        such period;
                            ``(v) request that consumer reporting 
                        agencies remove any negative credit reporting 
                        due to the conversion of the MED Grant to a 
                        loan; and
                            ``(vi) use the additional information 
                        provided under subparagraph (A) to determine 
                        the progress the recipient has made in meeting 
                        the service obligation.
                    ``(C) Extension of time to complete service 
                obligation.--In the case of a recipient whose MED Grant 
                was reinstated in accordance with subparagraph (B), the 
                Secretary shall, upon such reinstatement--
                            ``(i) extend the time remaining for the 
                        recipient to fulfill the service obligation 
                        described in subsection (b)(1) to a period of 
                        time equal to--
                                    ``(I) 10 years; minus
                                    ``(II) the number of years that the 
                                recipient completed service as a 
                                physician in primary care prior to the 
                                reconversion of the loan to a MED Grant 
                                under subparagraph (B), including any 
                                years of qualifying service completed 
                                during the period when the MED Grant 
                                was in loan status; and
                            ``(ii) treat any years of service described 
                        in subclause (II) of clause (i) as years that 
                        count toward the individual's service 
                        obligation (regardless of whether the MED Grant 
                        funds were in grant or loan status) if that 
                        time otherwise meets the requirements of this 
                        section.
    ``(d) Additional Administrative Provisions.--
            ``(1) Extenuating circumstances.--The Secretary shall 
        establish, by regulation, categories of extenuating 
        circumstances under which a recipient of a grant under this 
        subpart who is unable to fulfill all or part of the recipient's 
        service obligation may be excused from fulfilling that portion 
        of the service obligation.
            ``(2) Communication with recipients.--The Secretary shall 
        notify MED grant recipients not less than twice per calendar 
        year regarding how to submit the employment certification under 
        subsection (b)(1)(B) and the recommendations and requirements 
        for submitting that certification under paragraph (3).
            ``(3) Submission of employment certification.--
                    ``(A) Recommended submissions.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The Secretary shall 
                        notify MED Grant recipients that the Department 
                        recommends that MED Grant recipients submit the 
                        employment certification described in 
                        subsection (b)(1)(B) as soon as practicable 
                        after the completion of each year of service.
                            ``(ii) Form.--The Secretary shall provide a 
                        standardized annual certification form for use 
                        under this section and allow electronic 
                        submission by the recipient or employer.
                    ``(B) Required submission.--A MED Grant recipient 
                shall be required to submit to the Department 
                employment certification within the timeframe that 
                would allow that individual to complete their service 
                obligation before the end of the service obligation 
                window.
                    ``(C) Notification.--The Secretary shall notify MED 
                Grant recipients of the required submission deadlines 
                described in this paragraph.
                    ``(D) Adjustment of deadline.--The Secretary shall 
                adjust the submission deadline described in 
                subparagraph (B) to account for a service obligation 
                window extension.
                    ``(E) Alternative to certification.--The Secretary 
                shall provide an alternative to the certification of 
                employment described in subsection (b)(1)(B) for 
                recipients who cannot obtain such required 
                certification of employment because the recipient can 
                demonstrate the employer is no longer in existence or 
                the employer refuses to cooperate.

``SEC. 420V. PROGRAM PERIOD AND FUNDING.

    ``Beginning on July 1, 2026, there shall be available to the 
Secretary to carry out this subpart, from funds not otherwise 
appropriated, such sums as may be necessary to provide MED Grants in 
accordance with this subpart to each eligible applicant.

                      ``Subpart 12--DENTAL Grants

``SEC. 420W. DEFINITIONS.

    ``For the purposes of this subpart:
            ``(1) Eligible institution.--The term `eligible 
        institution' means an institution of higher education, as 
        defined in section 101, that is a school of dentistry as 
        defined in section 799B of the Public Health Service Act (42 
        U.S.C. 295p).
            ``(2) Dental school candidate.--The term `dental school 
        candidate' means a student in attendance at an eligible 
        institution pursuing a professional dental degree.
            ``(3) Rural area.--The term rural area has the meaning 
        given that term in section 861(b)(2).

``SEC. 420X. PROGRAM ESTABLISHED.

    ``(a) Program Authority.--
            ``(1) Payments required.--The Secretary shall pay to each 
        eligible institution such sums as may be necessary to pay to 
        each dental school candidate who files an application and 
        agreement in accordance with section 420Y, and who qualifies 
        under such section, a DENTAL Grant in the amount of tuition and 
        required fees for each year during which that dental school 
        candidate is in attendance at the institution.
            ``(2) References.--Grants made under paragraph (1) shall be 
        known as `DENTAL Grants'.
    ``(b) Payment Methodology.--
            ``(1) Prepayment.--Not less than 85 percent of any funds 
        provided to an eligible institution under subsection (a) shall 
        be advanced to the eligible institution prior to the start of 
        each payment period and shall be based upon an amount requested 
        by the institution as needed to pay dental school candidates 
        until such time as the Secretary determines and publishes in 
        the Federal Register with an opportunity for comment, an 
        alternative payment system that provides payments to 
        institutions in an accurate and timely manner, except that this 
        sentence shall not be construed to limit the authority of the 
        Secretary to place an institution on a reimbursement system of 
        payment.
            ``(2) Direct payment.--Nothing in this section shall be 
        interpreted to prohibit the Secretary from paying directly to 
        dental school candidates, in advance of the beginning of the 
        academic term, an amount for which dental school candidates are 
        eligible, in cases where the eligible institution elects not to 
        participate in the disbursement system required by paragraph 
        (1).
    ``(c) No Exceeding Cost.--The amount of a grant awarded under this 
subpart, in combination with Federal assistance, shall not exceed the 
cost of attendance (as defined in section 472) at the eligible 
institution at which that dental school candidate is in attendance.
    ``(d) Period of Eligibility for Grants.--The period during which a 
dental school candidate may receive a DENTAL grant under this subpart 
shall be the period required for the completion of the professional 
dental degree being pursued by the dental school candidate at the 
eligible institution at which the dental school candidate is in 
attendance, except that the period during which a dental school 
candidate may receive a DENTAL Grant under this subpart shall not 
exceed 8 years.

``SEC. 420Y. APPLICATION; AWARD.

    ``(a) Application; Award.--
            ``(1) Application.--The Secretary shall periodically set 
        dates by which dental school candidates shall file applications 
        for grants under this subpart. Each dental school candidate 
        desiring a grant under this subpart for any year shall file an 
        application containing such information as is necessary to 
        demonstrate that the dental school candidate--
                    ``(A) is an eligible student for purposes of 
                section 484;
                    ``(B) has completed a FAFSA;
                    ``(C) would like to receive a DENTAL grant; and
                    ``(D) understands and agrees to the terms and 
                conditions of the agreement to serve described in 
                subparagraph (b).
            ``(2) Award.--The Secretary shall award a DENTAL grant to 
        each eligible dental school candidate who meets the 
        requirements described in paragraph (1) for each year that the 
        application under such paragraph is submitted and such 
        requirements are met.
    ``(b) Agreements To Serve.--Each application under subsection (a) 
shall contain or be accompanied by an agreement by the applicant that--
            ``(1) the applicant will--
                    ``(A) practice general dental care in a rural area, 
                with the option for service to be completed 
                cumulatively across eligible sites and locations, for 
                at least 10 years after their related training is 
                completed (including a residency or fellowship program) 
                within 15 years after completing the degree and such 
                related training for which the applicant received a 
                DENTAL Grant under this subpart (referred to in this 
                section as the `service obligation window'); and
                    ``(B) annually submit an employment certification, 
                for each year of service, showing that the requirement 
                under subparagraph (A) is being met;
            ``(2) in the event that the applicant is determined to have 
        failed or refused to carry out such service obligation, the 
        specified amount of any DENTAL Grants received by such 
        applicant will be treated as a loan and collected from the 
        applicant in accordance with subsection (c) and the regulations 
        thereunder; and
            ``(3) contains, or is accompanied by, a plain-language 
        disclosure form developed by the Secretary that clearly 
        describes the nature of the DENTAL Grant award, the service 
        obligation, and the loan repayment requirements that are the 
        consequence of the failure to complete the service obligation.
    ``(c) Repayment for Failure To Complete Service.--
            ``(1) In general.--In the event that any recipient of a 
        grant under this subpart fails or refuses to comply with the 
        service obligation in the agreement under subsection (b), a 
        specified amount as described in paragraph (3) of the DENTAL 
        Grants received by such recipient shall, upon a determination 
        of such a failure or refusal in such service obligation, be 
        converted to a Federal Direct Unsubsidized Stafford Loan under 
        part D of title IV, and shall be subject to repayment, in 
        accordance with paragraph (2).
            ``(2) Interest and repayment.--Amounts that are converted 
        to a Direct Unsubsidized Stafford Loan under paragraph (1) 
        shall accrue interest at the rate applicable to such Direct 
        Unsubsidized Stafford Loans for borrowers as of the date of 
        conversion, and the recipient shall be eligible for the same 
        repayment plans and borrower protections with respect to such 
        converted loans as that recipient would otherwise be eligible 
        for with respect to a Federal Direct Unsubsidized Stafford Loan 
        under part D of title IV for a borrower that is disbursed on 
        the same date.
            ``(3) Specified amount to be repaid.--
                    ``(A) 5 years or less.--If a DENTAL Grant recipient 
                has completed 5 years or less of required service, the 
                specified amount to be repaid is the lesser of--
                            ``(i) the total amount of DENTAL Grants 
                        received by the recipient; or
                            ``(ii) $50,000.
                    ``(B) Greater than 5 years and less than 10 
                years.--If a DENTAL Grant recipient has completed more 
                than 5 years of required service but less than 10 years 
                of required service, the specified amount to be repaid 
                is the lesser of--
                            ``(i) the total amount of DENTAL Grants 
                        received by the recipient; or
                            ``(ii) $25,000.
                    ``(C) Cap.--The amount of DENTAL Grants that is 
                converted to a loan and required to be repaid under 
                this subsection shall not exceed $50,000.
            ``(4) Reconsideration of conversion decisions.--
                    ``(A) Request to reconsider.--In any case where the 
                Secretary has determined that a recipient of a grant 
                under this subpart has failed or refused to comply with 
                the service obligation in the agreement under 
                subsection (b) and has converted the grant into a 
                Federal Direct Unsubsidized Stafford Loan under part D 
                in accordance with paragraph (1), (including cases 
                where such loans have been fully or partially paid), 
                the recipient may request that the Secretary reconsider 
                such initial determination and may submit additional 
                information to demonstrate satisfaction of the service 
                obligation. Upon receipt of such a request, the 
                Secretary shall reconsider the determination in 
                accordance with this paragraph not later than 90 days 
                after the date that such request was received.
                    ``(B) Reconsideration.--If, in reconsidering an 
                initial determination under subparagraph (A) (including 
                cases where such loans were fully or partially paid), 
                the Secretary determines that the reason for such 
                determination was the recipient's failure to timely 
                submit a certification required under subsection 
                (b)(1)(B), an error or processing delay by the 
                Secretary, a change to the fields considered eligible 
                for fulfillment of the service obligation (as described 
                in subsection (b)(1)(A)), a recipient having previously 
                requested to have the DENTAL Grant converted to a loan, 
                or another valid reason determined by the Secretary, 
                and that the recipient has, as of the date of the 
                reconsideration, demonstrated that the recipient did 
                meet, or is meeting the service obligation in the 
                agreement under subsection (b), the Secretary shall--
                            ``(i) discharge the Federal Direct 
                        Unsubsidized Stafford Loan under part D, and 
                        reinstate the recipient's grant under this 
                        subpart;
                            ``(ii) discharge any interest or fees that 
                        may have accumulated during the period that the 
                        grant was converted to a Federal Direct 
                        Unsubsidized Stafford Loan under part D;
                            ``(iii) if the recipient has other loans 
                        under part D, apply any payments made for the 
                        Federal Direct Unsubsidized Stafford Loan under 
                        part D during such period to those other loans 
                        under part D;
                            ``(iv) if the recipient does not have other 
                        loans under part D, reimburse the recipient for 
                        any amounts paid on the Federal Direct 
                        Unsubsidized Stafford Loan under part D during 
                        such period;
                            ``(v) request that consumer reporting 
                        agencies remove any negative credit reporting 
                        due to the conversion of the DENTAL Grant to a 
                        loan; and
                            ``(vi) use the additional information 
                        provided under subparagraph (A) to determine 
                        the progress the recipient has made in meeting 
                        the service obligation.
                    ``(C) Extension of time to complete service 
                obligation.--In the case of a recipient whose DENTAL 
                Grant was reinstated in accordance with subparagraph 
                (B), the Secretary shall, upon such reinstatement--
                            ``(i) extend the time remaining for the 
                        recipient to fulfill the service obligation 
                        described in subsection (b)(1) to a period of 
                        time equal to--
                                    ``(I) 10 years; minus
                                    ``(II) the number of years that the 
                                recipient completed required service in 
                                general dentistry in a rural area prior 
                                to the reconversion of the loan to a 
                                DENTAL Grant under subparagraph (B), 
                                including any years of qualifying 
                                service completed during the period 
                                when the DENTAL Grant was in loan 
                                status; and
                            ``(ii) treat any years of service described 
                        in subclause (II) of clause (i) as years that 
                        count toward the individual's service 
                        obligation (regardless of whether the DENTAL 
                        Grant funds were in grant or loan status) if 
                        that time otherwise meets the requirements of 
                        this section.
    ``(d) Additional Administrative Provisions.--
            ``(1) Extenuating circumstances.--The Secretary shall 
        establish, by regulation, categories of extenuating 
        circumstances under which a recipient of a grant under this 
        subpart who is unable to fulfill all or part of the recipient's 
        service obligation may be excused from fulfilling that portion 
        of the service obligation.
            ``(2) Communication with recipients.--The Secretary shall 
        notify DENTAL grant recipients not less than twice per calendar 
        year regarding how to submit the employment certification under 
        subsection (b)(1)(B) and the recommendations and requirements 
        for submitting that certification under paragraph (3).
            ``(3) Submission of employment certification.--
                    ``(A) Recommended submissions.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The Secretary shall 
                        notify DENTAL Grant recipients that the 
                        Department recommends that DENTAL Grant 
                        recipients submit the employment certification 
                        described in subsection (b)(1)(B) as soon as 
                        practicable after the completion of each year 
                        of service.
                            ``(ii) Form.--The Secretary shall provide a 
                        standardized annual certification form for use 
                        under this section and allow electronic 
                        submission by the recipient or employer.
                    ``(B) Required submission.--A DENTAL Grant 
                recipient shall be required to submit to the Department 
                employment certification within the timeframe that 
                would allow that individual to complete their service 
                obligation before the end of the service obligation 
                window.
                    ``(C) Notification.--The Secretary shall notify 
                DENTAL Grant recipients of the required submission 
                deadlines described in this paragraph.
                    ``(D) Adjustment of deadline.--The Secretary shall 
                adjust the submission deadline described in 
                subparagraph (B) to account for a service obligation 
                window extension.
                    ``(E) Alternative to certification.--The Secretary 
                shall provide an alternative to the certification of 
                employment described in subsection (b)(1)(B) for 
                recipients who cannot obtain such required 
                certification of employment because the recipient can 
                demonstrate the employer is no longer in existence or 
                the employer refuses to cooperate.

``SEC. 420Z. PROGRAM PERIOD AND FUNDING.

    ``Beginning on July 1, 2026, there shall be available to the 
Secretary to carry out this subpart, from funds not otherwise 
appropriated, such sums as may be necessary to provide DENTAL Grants in 
accordance with this subpart to each eligible applicant.

                       ``Subpart 13--NURSE Grants

``SEC. 420AA. DEFINITIONS.

    ``For the purposes of this subpart:
            ``(1) Eligible institution.--The term `eligible 
        institution' means an accredited school of nursing, as defined 
        in section 801 of the of the Public Health Service Act (42 
        U.S.C. 296), at an institution of higher education, as defined 
        in section 101.
            ``(2) Nursing student.--The term `nursing student' means a 
        student in attendance at an eligible institution.

``SEC. 420BB. PROGRAM ESTABLISHED.

    ``(a) Program Authority.--
            ``(1) Payments required.--The Secretary shall pay to each 
        eligible institution such sums as may be necessary to pay to 
        each nursing student who files an application and agreement in 
        accordance with section 420CC, and who qualifies under such 
        section, a NURSE Grant in the amount of tuition and required 
        fees for each year during which that nursing student is in 
        attendance at the institution.
            ``(2) References.--Grants made under paragraph (1) shall be 
        known as `NURSE Grants'.
    ``(b) Payment Methodology.--
            ``(1) Prepayment.--Not less than 85 percent of any funds 
        provided to an eligible institution under subsection (a) shall 
        be advanced to the eligible institution prior to the start of 
        each payment period and shall be based upon an amount requested 
        by the institution as needed to pay nursing students until such 
        time as the Secretary determines and publishes in the Federal 
        Register with an opportunity for comment, an alternative 
        payment system that provides payments to institutions in an 
        accurate and timely manner, except that this sentence shall not 
        be construed to limit the authority of the Secretary to place 
        an institution on a reimbursement system of payment.
            ``(2) Direct payment.--Nothing in this section shall be 
        interpreted to prohibit the Secretary from paying directly to 
        nursing students, in advance of the beginning of the academic 
        term, an amount for which nursing students are eligible, in 
        cases where the eligible institution elects not to participate 
        in the disbursement system required by paragraph (1).
    ``(c) No Exceeding Cost.--The amount of a grant awarded under this 
subpart, in combination with Federal assistance, shall not exceed the 
cost of attendance (as defined in section 472) at the eligible 
institution at which that nursing student is in attendance.
    ``(d) Period of Eligibility for Grants.--The period during which a 
nursing student may receive a NURSE grant under this subpart shall be 
the period required for the completion of the professional nursing 
degree being pursued by the nursing student at the eligible institution 
at which the nursing student is in attendance, except that the period 
during which a nursing student may receive a NURSE Grant under this 
subpart shall not exceed 8 years.

``SEC. 420CC. APPLICATION; AWARD.

    ``(a) Application.--The Secretary shall periodically set dates by 
which nursing students shall file applications for grants under this 
subpart. Each nursing student desiring a grant under this subpart for 
any year shall file an application containing such information as is 
necessary to demonstrate that the nursing student--
            ``(1) is an eligible student for purposes of section 484;
            ``(2) has completed a FAFSA; and
            ``(3) would like to receive a NURSE grant.
    ``(b) Award.--The Secretary shall award a NURSE grant to each 
nursing student who meets the requirements described in subsection (a) 
for each year that the application under such subsection is submitted 
and such requirements are met.

``SEC. 420DD. PROGRAM PERIOD AND FUNDING.

    ``Beginning on July 1, 2026, there shall be available to the 
Secretary to carry out this subpart, from funds not otherwise 
appropriated, such sums as may be necessary to provide NURSE Grants in 
accordance with this subpart to each eligible applicant.''.
    (b) Increasing Enrollment at Health Professions Schools.--Part E of 
title VII of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 294n et seq.) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:

    ``Subpart 4--Increasing Enrollment at Health Professions Schools

``SEC. 779. GRANT PROGRAM TO INCREASE ENROLLMENT AT HEALTH PROFESSIONS 
              SCHOOLS.

    ``(a) Schools of Medicine and Schools of Osteopathic Medicine.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall award grants to 
        eligible schools of medicine and schools of osteopathic 
        medicine to assist such schools in expanding student 
        enrollment.
            ``(2) Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
        this section, a school of medicine or school of osteopathic 
        medicine shall submit an application to the Secretary at such 
        time, in such manner, and containing such information as the 
        Secretary may require, including a plan to increase enrollment 
        in the school by at least--
                    ``(A) 50 percent by year 2 of the grant; and
                    ``(B) an additional 50 percent by year 4 of the 
                grant.
            ``(3) Use of funds.--A school of medicine or school of 
        osteopathic medicine that receives a grant under this section 
        shall use the funds awarded through such grant for activities 
        that include--
                    ``(A) enhancing enrollment and retention of 
                students at such school using evidence-based practices, 
                with a priority for students from disadvantaged 
                backgrounds (including racial or ethnic groups 
                underrepresented in the physician workforce), 
                individuals from rural and underserved areas, low-
                income individuals, individuals with a disability, and 
                first generation college students (as defined in 
                section 402A(h)(3) of the Higher Education Act of 
                1965), including through mentorship programs, providing 
                tools and programming for underrepresented students, 
                and addressing other student needs;
                    ``(B) retaining current faculty and clinical 
                preceptors, and recruiting and hiring new faculty and 
                clinical preceptors, including by increasing wages and 
                providing loan repayment, with an emphasis on faculty 
                and clinical preceptors from racial or ethnic groups 
                who are underrepresented in the physician workforce;
                    ``(C) partnering with a health care facility, 
                community health center, or other facility that 
                provides health care in order to provide educational 
                opportunities for the purpose of establishing or 
                expanding clinical education, with emphasis on 
                community-based clinical education;
                    ``(D) modernizing infrastructure at such school, 
                including audiovisual or other equipment, simulation 
                and augmented reality resources, telehealth 
                technologies, and virtual and physical laboratories;
                    ``(E) creating, supporting, or modernizing 
                educational programs and curriculum, including rural 
                and community-based clinical education, at such school; 
                or
                    ``(F) other activities that the Secretary 
                determines further the development, improvement, and 
                expansion of schools of medicine and schools of 
                osteopathic medicine.
    ``(b) Schools of Nursing.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall award grants to 
        eligible schools of nursing to assist such schools in expanding 
        student enrollment.
            ``(2) Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
        this section, a school of nursing shall submit an application 
        to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and containing 
        such information as the Secretary may require, including a plan 
        to increase enrollment in the school by at least--
                    ``(A) 30 percent by year 2 of the grant; and
                    ``(B) an additional 30 percent by year 4 of the 
                grant.
            ``(3) Use of funds.--A school of nursing that receives a 
        grant under this section shall use the funds awarded through 
        such grant for activities that include--
                    ``(A) enhancing enrollment and retention of 
                students at such school using evidence-based practices, 
                with a priority for students from disadvantaged 
                backgrounds (including racial or ethnic groups 
                underrepresented in the nursing workforce), students 
                who identify as an underrepresented sex in the nursing 
                workforce, individuals from rural and underserved 
                areas, low-income individuals, individuals with a 
                disability, and first generation college students (as 
                defined in section 402A(h)(3) of the Higher Education 
                Act of 1965), including through mentorship programs, 
                providing tools and programming for underrepresented 
                students, and addressing other student needs;
                    ``(B) retaining current faculty and clinical 
                preceptors, and recruiting and hiring new faculty and 
                clinical preceptors, including by increasing wages and 
                providing loan repayment, with an emphasis on faculty 
                and clinical preceptors from racial or ethnic groups 
                who are underrepresented in the nursing workforce;
                    ``(C) partnering with a health care facility, 
                nurse-managed health clinic, community health center, 
                or other facility that provides health care in order to 
                provide educational opportunities for the purpose of 
                establishing or expanding clinical education, with 
                emphasis on community-based clinical education;
                    ``(D) modernizing infrastructure at such school, 
                including audiovisual or other equipment, simulation 
                and augmented reality resources, telehealth 
                technologies, and virtual and physical laboratories;
                    ``(E) creating, supporting, or modernizing 
                educational programs and curriculum, including rural 
                and community-based clinical education, at such school;
                    ``(F) enhancing and expanding nursing programs that 
                prepare nurse researchers and scientists;
                    ``(G) establishing nurse-led intradisciplinary and 
                interprofessional educational partnerships;
                    ``(H) supporting registered nurses in baccalaureate 
                degree programs or advanced degree programs described 
                in section 811(b), with a goal of becoming nurse 
                faculty and clinical preceptors; or
                    ``(I) other activities that the Secretary 
                determines further the development, improvement, and 
                expansion of schools of nursing.
            ``(4) Definition.--In this section, the term `school of 
        nursing' has the meaning given such term in section 801(2).
    ``(c) Schools of Dentistry.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall award grants to 
        eligible schools of dentistry to assist such schools in 
        expanding student enrollment.
            ``(2) Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
        this section, a school of dentistry shall submit an application 
        to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and containing 
        such information as the Secretary may require, including a plan 
        to increase enrollment in the school by at least--
                    ``(A) 20 percent by year 2 of the grant; and
                    ``(B) an additional 20 percent by year 4 of the 
                grant.
            ``(3) Use of funds.--A school of dentistry that receives a 
        grant under this section shall use the funds awarded through 
        such grant for activities that include--
                    ``(A) enhancing enrollment and retention of 
                students at such school using evidence-based practices, 
                with a priority for students from disadvantaged 
                backgrounds (including racial or ethnic groups 
                underrepresented in the dental workforce), individuals 
                from rural and underserved areas, low-income 
                individuals, individuals with a disability, and first 
                generation college students (as defined in section 
                402A(h)(3) of the Higher Education Act of 1965), 
                including through mentorship programs, providing tools 
                and programming for underrepresented students, and 
                addressing other student needs;
                    ``(B) retaining current faculty and clinical 
                preceptors, and recruiting and hiring new faculty and 
                clinical preceptors, including by increasing wages and 
                providing loan repayment, with an emphasis on faculty 
                and clinical preceptors from racial or ethnic groups 
                who are underrepresented in the dentistry workforce;
                    ``(C) partnering with a dental clinic, community 
                health center, or other facility, including a school-
                based dental clinic, that provides dental care in order 
                to provide educational opportunities for the purpose of 
                establishing or expanding clinical education, with 
                emphasis on community-based clinical education;
                    ``(D) modernizing infrastructure at such school, 
                including audiovisual or other equipment, simulation 
                and augmented reality resources, telehealth 
                technologies, and virtual and physical laboratories;
                    ``(E) creating, supporting, or modernizing 
                educational programs and curriculum, including rural 
                and community-based clinical education, at such school; 
                or
                    ``(F) other activities that the Secretary 
                determines further the development, improvement, and 
                expansion of schools of dentistry.
    ``(d) Grant Amounts; Grant Period.--Each grant awarded under this 
section shall be in an amount determined by the Secretary, and for a 
period of 10 years.
    ``(e) Reporting.--Each recipient of a grant under this section 
shall submit to the Secretary an annual report that describes--
            ``(1) the number of students enrolled during the year 
        preceding the date of the report;
            ``(2) the percentage by which such enrollment for such year 
        has increased or decreased, as compared to enrollment for the 
        year preceding such year;
            ``(3) the number of new faculty and clinical preceptors 
        that were hired during such year; and
            ``(4) in the case of a recipient of a grant under 
        subsection (c), with respect to graduates of the applicable 
        school of dentistry--
                    ``(A) the number who are practicing dentistry in a 
                rural community;
                    ``(B) the number who are enrolled as a 
                participating provider under a State plan under title 
                XIX of the Social Security Act or under a waiver of 
                such a plan;
                    ``(C) the rates of passage of the Integrated 
                National Board Dental Examination, and of any exam or 
                process by which a dentist obtains a license to 
                practice dentistry; and
                    ``(D) the rates at which such graduates are 
                practicing dentistry 3 and 5 years after graduation.
    ``(f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated, for the period of fiscal years 2026 through 2035--
            ``(1) $2,800,000,000 for purposes of carrying out 
        subsection (a);
            ``(2) $1,980,000,000 for purposes of carrying out 
        subsection (b); and
            ``(3) $615,000,000 for purposes of carrying out subsection 
        (c).''.

SEC. 3. PROGRAM OF PAYMENTS TO TEACHING HEALTH CENTERS THAT OPERATE 
              GRADUATE MEDICAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS.

    Section 340H of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 256h) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (c)(2)(B), by adding at the end the 
        following: ``Notwithstanding any other provision of this 
        section, the Secretary shall update such per resident amount 
        for each such qualified teaching health center such that such 
        amount for fiscal year 2026 is not less than $170,000, and such 
        amount for fiscal year 2027 and each fiscal year thereafter is 
        not less than the sum of the amount determined for the previous 
        fiscal year plus $10,000.''; and
            (2) in subsection (g)(1)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (E), by striking ``; and'' and 
                inserting a semicolon;
                    (B) in subparagraph (F), by striking the period and 
                inserting a semicolon; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(G) $892,500,000 for fiscal year 2026;
                    ``(H) $1,890,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
                    ``(I) $2,992,500,000 for fiscal year 2028;
                    ``(J) $3,150,000,000 for fiscal year 2029;
                    ``(K) $3,307,500,000 for fiscal year 2030;
                    ``(L) $3,465,000,000 for fiscal year 2031;
                    ``(M) $3,622,500,000 for fiscal year 2032;
                    ``(N) $3,780,000,000 for fiscal year 2033;
                    ``(O) $3,937,500,000 for fiscal year 2034; and
                    ``(P) $4,095,000,000 for fiscal year 2035.''.

SEC. 4. DISTRIBUTION OF ADDITIONAL MEDICARE GME RESIDENCY POSITIONS.

    (a) Distribution.--
            (1) In general.--Section 1886(h) of the Social Security Act 
        (42 U.S.C. 1395ww(h)) is amended--
                    (A) in paragraph (4)(F)(i), by striking ``and 
                (10)'' and inserting ``(10), and (11)'';
                    (B) in paragraph (4)(H)(i), by striking ``and 
                (10)'' and inserting ``(10), and (11)''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following new 
                paragraph:
            ``(11) Distribution of additional residency positions in 
        psychiatry and psychiatry subspecialties and primary care.--
                    ``(A) Additional residency positions.--
                            ``(i) In general.--For each of fiscal years 
                        2027 through 2036 and for each succeeding 
                        fiscal year until the aggregate number of full-
                        time equivalent residency positions distributed 
                        under this paragraph is equal to the aggregate 
                        number of such positions made available (as 
                        specified in clause (ii)(I)), the Secretary 
                        shall, subject to the succeeding provisions of 
                        this paragraph, increase the otherwise 
                        applicable resident limit for each qualifying 
                        hospital that submits a timely application 
                        under this subparagraph by such number as the 
                        Secretary may approve effective beginning July 
                        1 of the fiscal year of the increase.
                            ``(ii) Number available for distribution.--
                                    ``(I) Total number available.--The 
                                aggregate number of such positions made 
                                available under this paragraph shall be 
                                equal to 50,220.
                                    ``(II) Annual limit.--The aggregate 
                                number of such positions so made 
                                available shall not exceed 5,022 for a 
                                fiscal year.
                            ``(iii) Distribution for psychiatry or 
                        psychiatry subspecialty residencies; primary 
                        care residencies.--For each of fiscal years 
                        2027 through 2036, of the positions made 
                        available under this paragraph--
                                    ``(I) at least 15 percent shall be 
                                distributed for a psychiatry or 
                                psychiatry subspecialty residency (as 
                                defined in subparagraph (F));
                                    ``(II) at least 30 percent shall be 
                                distributed for a primary care 
                                residency (as defined in such 
                                subparagraph); and
                            ``(iv) Timing.--The Secretary shall notify 
                        hospitals of the number of positions 
                        distributed to the hospital under this 
                        paragraph as a result of an increase in the 
                        otherwise applicable resident limit by January 
                        31 of the fiscal year of the increase. Such 
                        increase shall be effective beginning July 1 of 
                        such fiscal year.
                    ``(B) Considerations in distribution.--In 
                determining for which qualifying hospitals an increase 
                in the otherwise applicable resident limit is provided 
                under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall take into 
                account the demonstrated likelihood of the hospital 
                filling the positions made available under this 
                paragraph within the first 5 training years beginning 
                after the date the increase would be effective, as 
                determined by the Secretary.
                    ``(C) Requirements.--
                            ``(i) Prohibition on distribution to 
                        hospitals without an increase agreement.--No 
                        increase in the otherwise applicable resident 
                        limit of a hospital may be made under this 
                        paragraph unless such hospital agrees to 
                        increase the total number of full-time 
                        equivalent residency positions under the 
                        approved medical residency training program of 
                        such hospital by the number of such positions 
                        made available by such increase under this 
                        paragraph.
                            ``(ii) Requirement for hospitals to expand 
                        programs.--If a hospital that receives an 
                        increase in the otherwise applicable resident 
                        limit under this paragraph would be eligible 
                        for an adjustment to the otherwise applicable 
                        resident limit for participation in a new 
                        medical residency training program under 
                        section 413.79(e)(3) of title 42, Code of 
                        Federal Regulations (or any successor 
                        regulation), the hospital shall ensure that any 
                        positions made available under this paragraph 
                        are used to expand an existing program of the 
                        hospital and not for participation in a new 
                        medical residency training program.
                    ``(D) Application of per resident amounts for 
                nonprimary care.--With respect to additional residency 
                positions in a hospital attributable to the increase 
                provided under this paragraph, the approved FTE per 
                resident amounts are deemed to be equal to the hospital 
                per resident amounts for nonprimary care computed under 
                paragraph (2)(D) for that hospital.
                    ``(E) Permitting facilities to apply aggregation 
                rules.--The Secretary shall permit hospitals receiving 
                additional residency positions attributable to the 
                increase provided under this paragraph to, beginning in 
                the fifth year after the effective date of such 
                increase, apply such positions to the limitation amount 
                under paragraph (4)(F) that may be aggregated pursuant 
                to paragraph (4)(H) among members of the same 
                affiliated group.
                    ``(F) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
                            ``(i) Otherwise applicable resident 
                        limit.--The term `otherwise applicable resident 
                        limit' means, with respect to a hospital, the 
                        limit otherwise applicable under subparagraphs 
                        (F)(i) and (H) of paragraph (4) on the resident 
                        level for the hospital determined without 
                        regard to this paragraph, but taking into 
                        account paragraphs (7)(A), (7)(B), (8)(A), 
                        (8)(B), (9)(A), and (10)(A).
                            ``(ii) Primary care residency.--The term 
                        `primary care residency' means a residency in a 
                        program described in paragraph (5)(H).
                            ``(iii) Psychiatry or psychiatry 
                        subspecialty residency.--The term `psychiatry 
                        or psychiatry subspecialty residency' has the 
                        meaning given that term in paragraph (10)(F).
                            ``(iv) Reference resident level.--The term 
                        `reference resident level' means, with respect 
                        to a hospital, the resident level for the most 
                        recent cost reporting period of the hospital 
                        ending on or before the date of enactment of 
                        this paragraph, for which a cost report has 
                        been settled (or, if not, submitted (subject to 
                        audit)), as determined by the Secretary.
                            ``(v) Resident level.--The term `resident 
                        level' has the meaning given such term in 
                        paragraph (7)(C)(i).''.
            (2) IME.--Section 1886(d)(5)(B) of the Social Security Act 
        (42 U.S.C. 1395ww(d)(5)(B)) is amended--
                    (A) in clause (v), in the third sentence, by 
                striking ``and (h)(10)'' and inserting ``(h)(10), and 
                (h)(11)''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following new clause:
                            ``(xiii) For discharges occurring on or 
                        after July 1, 2027, insofar as an additional 
                        payment amount under this subparagraph is 
                        attributable to resident positions distributed 
                        to a hospital under subsection (h)(11), the 
                        indirect teaching adjustment factor shall be 
                        computed in the same manner as provided under 
                        clause (ii) with respect to such resident 
                        positions.''.
            (3) Prohibition on judicial review.--Section 1886(h)(7)(E) 
        of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395ww(h)(7)(E)) is 
        amended by inserting ``paragraph (11),'' after ``paragraph 
        (10),''.

SEC. 5. RURAL RELOCATION GRANT PROGRAM.

    Subpart 2 of part E of title VII of the Public Health Service Act 
(42 U.S.C. 295 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 778A. RURAL RELOCATION GRANT PROGRAM.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall award grants to eligible 
physicians, nurses, and dentists for purposes of assisting such 
individuals in relocating to a rural area in which the individual 
intends to practice medicine, nursing, or dentistry, as applicable.
    ``(b) Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive a grant under this 
section, a physician, nurse, or dentist shall--
            ``(1) be licensed to practice medicine, nursing, or 
        dentistry, as applicable, in the State in which the rural area 
        to which the individual is relocating is located;
            ``(2) prior to such relocation, be practicing in an area 
        that is not a rural area;
            ``(3) upon such relocation, have a permanent position in 
        the area to which the individual is relocating and intend to 
        practice in such area for not fewer than 3 years; and
            ``(4) submit an application to the Secretary at such time, 
        in such manner, and containing such information as the 
        Secretary may require.
    ``(c) Grant Amounts; Use of Funds; Repayment.--
            ``(1) In general.--A grant awarded under this section shall 
        be in an amount determined by the Secretary, not to exceed 
        $20,000.
            ``(2) Use of funds.--An individual receiving a grant under 
        this section may use such grant for eligible life and 
        relocation expenses, as determined by the Secretary.
            ``(3) Repayment.--If an individual receiving a grant under 
        this section leaves the area described in subsection (b)(3) 
        before the expiration of the 3-year period described in such 
        subsection, such individual shall repay to the Secretary an 
        amount equal to 50 percent of the amount of the grant.
    ``(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--To carry out this section, 
there is authorized to be appropriated $1,800,000,000 for the period of 
fiscal years 2026 through 2035.''.
                                 <all>