[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 3566 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

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119th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                S. 3566

   To withdraw normal trade relations treatment with respect to the 
          People's Republic of China, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                           December 18, 2025

  Mr. Scott of Florida introduced the following bill; which was read 
             twice and referred to the Committee on Finance

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
   To withdraw normal trade relations treatment with respect to the 
          People's Republic of China, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``No Trade Preferences for Communist 
China Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) From 1980 until the passage of the U.S.-China Relations 
        Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 6911 et seq.), the United States granted 
        permanent normal trade relations status to the People's 
        Republic of China, contingent on an annual review pursuant to 
        section 402 of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2432).
            (2) The receipt by the People's Republic of China of 
        permanent normal trade relations status, concurrent with its 
        ascension to the World Trade Organization in 2001, was 
        contingent on its adherence to several commitments, including 
        transitioning towards a more market-oriented economy, 
        protecting intellectual property, ensuring non-discrimination 
        against foreign entities in trade matters, and ending export 
        and production subsidies. However, the People's Republic of 
        China has repeatedly and objectively violated each and every 
        one of those commitments.
            (3) Evasion by the People's Republic of China of tariffs 
        imposed by the United States cost the economy of the United 
        States approximately $130,000,000,000 in 2023 alone, and 
        concurrently the People's Republic of China chose to impose 
        exceedingly high tariffs, non-tariff barriers, and other 
        regulatory hurdles on businesses in the United States.
            (4) According to the United States Trade Representative, 
        the People's Republic of China remains a ``priority watch 
        list'' country for intellectual property theft and has stolen 
        between $180,000,000,000 and $540,000,000,000 annually from the 
        United States economy through theft of intellectual property, 
        trade secrets, business processes, and technologies.
            (5) The People's Republic of China continues a systemic 
        program of top-down industrial planning through heavy 
        subsidization of domestic industries, prioritizing the 
        protection of state-owned enterprises and a dual-pricing scheme 
        that has left industries in the United States unable to 
        effectively and fairly compete. According to a 2022 study by 
        the Center for Strategic and International Studies, the 
        People's Republic of China offered as much as $407,000,000,000 
        in de facto subsidies to its domestic industries in 2019.
            (6) While the People's Republic of China subsidizes its 
        industries in violation of its commitments under the World 
        Trade Organization, it has already failed to comply with yet 
        another major trade agreement--the Economic and Trade Agreement 
        Between the Government of the United States of America and the 
        Government of the People's Republic of China, signed on January 
        15, 2020, in which the People's Republic of China pledged to 
        purchase an additional $200,000,000,000 in United States goods 
        and services by the end of 2021. The People's Republic of China 
        failed to meet that deadline and fell short of its pledged 
        commitment by 60 percent for goods.
            (7) According to the United States Trade Representative, 
        from 1994 through April 2025, the United States lost 5,000,000 
        manufacturing jobs and 90,000 factories. The world 
        manufacturing output share of the United States declined from 
        28 percent in 2001 to 17 percent in 2024. In the fourth quarter 
        of 2024, United States manufacturing as a share of gross 
        domestic product was at a 20-year low. At the same time, the 
        economy of the People's Republic of China grew from the world's 
        sixth largest economy in 2001 to the second largest in 2025.
            (8) In October 2025, the People's Republic of China 
        threatened to hold the world hostage through broad export 
        controls over the rare earths supply chain, spanning mining, 
        refining, and manufacturing. The United States once held global 
        dominance in rare earths but gradually surrendered by yielding 
        to environmental pressure campaigns and an increasingly onerous 
        regulatory regime.
            (9) Under article XXI of GATT 1994 (as defined in section 2 
        of the Uruguay Round Agreements Act (19 U.S.C. 3501)), 
        countries may act ``for the protection of their essential 
        security interests'' without breaching their obligations under 
        the World Trade Organization. The relentless assault by the 
        People's Republic of China on the economic security of the 
        United States through industrial espionage, forced technology 
        transfers, and the systematic erosion of the domestic 
        manufacturing base of the United States directly undermines the 
        ability of the United States to sustain its industrial 
        capacity. Those economic attacks, compounded by broader acts of 
        aggression, such as military expansion in the South China Sea 
        and egregious human rights abuses, constitute a comprehensive, 
        ongoing, and grave threat to the national security interests of 
        the United States. Accordingly, the behavior by the People's 
        Republic of China merits the invocation of article XXI and 
        Congress should therefore invoke that principle by revoking 
        permanent normal trade relations status for the People's 
        Republic of China to defend the strategic and economic security 
        of the United States.
            (10) In 2022, members of the World Trade Organization 
        similarly invoked article XXI to revoke permanent normal trade 
        relations status for the Russian Federation.

SEC. 3. WITHDRAWAL OF NORMAL TRADE RELATIONS TREATMENT FOR THE PEOPLE'S 
              REPUBLIC OF CHINA.

    (a) In General.--Notwithstanding title I of Public Law 106-286 (114 
Stat. 880) or any other provision of law, effective on the date that is 
90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act--
            (1) normal trade relations treatment shall not apply 
        pursuant to section 101 of that Act to the products of the 
        People's Republic of China;
            (2) normal trade relations treatment may not thereafter be 
        extended to the products of the People's Republic of China 
        under the provisions of chapter 1 of title IV of the Trade Act 
        of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2431 et seq.);
            (3) the rates of duty set forth in column 2 of the 
        Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States shall apply to 
        all products of the People's Republic of China; and
            (4) the President may proclaim increases in the rates of 
        duty applicable to products of the People's Republic of China 
        to rates that are higher than the rates described in paragraph 
        (3).
    (b) People's Republic of China Defined.--In this section, the term 
``People's Republic of China'' means the government of the People's 
Republic of China, the government of the Special Administrative Region 
of Hong Kong, the government of the Special Administrative Region of 
Macau, and any agency or instrumentality thereof.
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