[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 3634 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>






119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 3634

To express the sense of Congress regarding the conduct by the Netanyahu 
     administration in Gaza and to impose sanctions to discourage 
  governments from obstructing humanitarian assistance, and for other 
                               purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                            January 14, 2026

   Mr. Wyden introduced the following bill; which was read twice and 
             referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
To express the sense of Congress regarding the conduct by the Netanyahu 
     administration in Gaza and to impose sanctions to discourage 
  governments from obstructing humanitarian assistance, and for other 
                               purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Accountability for 
Withholding Aid and Relief Essentials Act of 2026'' or the ``AWARE Act 
of 2026''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Findings.
Sec. 3. Sense of Congress.
Sec. 4. Statement of policy.
Sec. 5. Identification of covered persons obstructing humanitarian 
                            assistance.
Sec. 6. Imposition of sanctions.
Sec. 7. Waiver for national security interests.
Sec. 8. Termination of sanctions.
Sec. 9. Congressional oversight.
Sec. 10. Sunset.
Sec. 11. Severability.
Sec. 12. Definitions.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) According to many credible nongovernmental 
        organizations, such as Doctors Without Borders, the Government 
        of Israel under the leadership of Prime Minister Benjamin 
        Netanyahu has heavily restricted the distribution of food, 
        fuel, medicine, and other humanitarian assistance to civilians 
        in Gaza.
            (2) The United States has at times had to take 
        extraordinary measures to work around the Netanyahu 
        administration's restrictions in order to provide aid to the 
        people of Gaza.
            (3) In a longitudinal, cross-sectional study published in 
        ``The Lancet'' in October 2025, medical scholars from the Johns 
        Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and the United 
        Nations Relief and Works Agency found that, between January 
        2024 and August 2025, during the Netanyahu administration, tens 
        of thousands of preschool-aged children in Gaza were suffering 
        from preventable acute malnutrition and faced an increased risk 
        of mortality.
            (4) The entire population of the Gaza Strip, an estimated 
        2,200,000 people, is facing acute levels of hunger and, 
        according to the United Nations, since January 2025, more than 
        20,000 children have been identified as suffering from acute 
        malnutrition, a telltale sign of imminent famine. To a great 
        extent, this is a result of the policies of Prime Minister 
        Netanyahu.
            (5) The United Nations Relief and Works Agency states that 
        the amount of aid allowed into Gaza must reach a minimum of 500 
        to 600 truckloads of meaningful aid per day to meet the 
        necessary minimum to prevent starvation.
            (6) During the Netanyahu administration, from May 19, 2025, 
        through January 7, 2026, according to the Monitoring and 
        Tracking Dashboard of the United Nations Office for Project 
        Services, fewer than 17,000 trucks of humanitarian aid had made 
        it to any of the crossings along Gaza's perimeter.
            (7) According to the Netanyahu administration's Ministry of 
        Diaspora Affairs and Combating Antisemitism, nongovernmental 
        organizations wishing to supply humanitarian assistance in Gaza 
        must be registered with and approved by an inter-ministerial 
        team led by the Director General of Ministry of Diaspora 
        Affairs and Combating Antisemitism.
            (8) According to the Netanyahu administration's Ministry of 
        Defense of the State of Israel, Israel's Coordinator of 
        Government Activities in the Territories office, which assists 
        in determining the eligibility of a nongovernmental 
        organization in the registration approval process, requires 
        additional clearance for and coordination with nongovernmental 
        organizations.
            (9) There already exist established, universal standards, 
        such as the Sphere standards and the United Nations coordinated 
        response guidance, that an organization must meet in order to 
        function as a credible, legitimate humanitarian organization.
            (10) Prime Minister Netanyahu has repeatedly denied the 
        existence of mass hunger and starvation in Gaza.
            (11) According to Doctors Without Borders and Human Rights 
        Watch, Palestinians in Gaza in need of aid receive 
        contradictory and counterproductive information regarding aid 
        availability, often with very little notice from the Netanyahu 
        administration, which leads to confusion, puts them in 
        dangerous situations, and diminishes their ability to actually 
        secure aid.
            (12) According to a July 23, 2025, statement from more than 
        100 nongovernmental organizations, the Netanyahu 
        administration's Coordinator of Government Activities in the 
        Territories office heavily restricted the humanitarian 
        assistance distributed outside of the Gaza Humanitarian 
        Foundation network.
            (13) On July 1, 2025, more than 170 nongovernmental 
        organizations, such as Doctors Without Borders, called for the 
        dismantling of the Gaza Humanitarian Foundation as a result of 
        its violations of international norms associated with 
        humanitarian work and concerns of harm to civilians at 
        distribution centers of the Gaza Humanitarian Foundation.
            (14) During the Netanyahu administration, the Office of the 
        United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights has reported 
        that more than 1,000 Palestinians in Gaza have been killed 
        seeking food, more than 800 of whom were killed at or around 
        distribution sites of the Gaza Humanitarian Foundation.
            (15) During the Netanyahu administration, Human Rights 
        Watch has reported that multiple sources, including former 
        staff of the Gaza Humanitarian Foundation, have witnessed 
        instances of the Israel Defense Forces opening fire on aid-
        seeking Palestinians with live ammunition near distribution 
        sites of the Gaza Humanitarian Foundation.
            (16) The Gaza Humanitarian Foundation received on-ground 
        logistical and security support from Safe Reach Solutions and 
        UG Solutions.
            (17) The Government of Israel and Hamas entered into a 
        ceasefire on October 10, 2025.
            (18) The Gaza Humanitarian Foundation suspended its 
        operations on October 10, 2025, following the start of the 
        ceasefire.
            (19) Despite the suspension of operations by the Gaza 
        Humanitarian Foundation, numerous nongovernmental organizations 
        have reported that Safe Reach Solutions and UG Solutions plan 
        to continue operations in Gaza.
            (20) Despite the ceasefire and the proposed increase in 
        humanitarian assistance, restrictions on delivery and 
        distribution persist under the Netanyahu administration and 
        actual levels of humanitarian assistance remain well below what 
        is needed.
            (21) More than 40 nongovernmental organizations operating 
        on the ground in Gaza issued a statement on October 23, 2025, 
        stating that, despite the ceasefire, Israeli authorities under 
        the Netanyahu administration have continued to arbitrarily 
        reject shipments of humanitarian assistance into Gaza, 
        including items such as blankets, mattresses, food and 
        nutrition supplies, hygiene kits, sanitation materials, 
        assistive devices, and children's clothing, and have caused 
        almost $50,000,000 of essential goods to sit stockpiled at the 
        crossings, unable to be distributed.
            (22) The Director General of the Ministry of Diaspora 
        Affairs and Combating Antisemitism, the Minister of Diaspora 
        Affairs and Combating Antisemitism, the Coordinator of 
        Government Activities in the Territories, the General Staff of 
        the Israel Defense Forces, the Chief of the General Staff of 
        Israel Defense Forces, the Defense Minister of Israel, and the 
        Prime Minister of Israel all have authorities to help ensure 
        the delivery of humanitarian assistance to Palestinian 
        civilians in Gaza.
            (23) The Minister of Diaspora Affairs and Combating 
        Antisemitism, the Defense Minister of Israel, and the Prime 
        Minister of Israel all have authority to change policy to 
        ensure the distribution of humanitarian aid in Gaza.
            (24) International humanitarian law, including customary 
        norms and treaty law, prohibits the use of starvation as a 
        method of warfare and requires the protection of civilians' 
        access to humanitarian assistance.

SEC. 3. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) Israel has the right to self-defense and the United 
        States is committed to helping Israel safeguard its people from 
        future aggression;
            (2) Hamas should be condemned in the harshest terms for its 
        premeditated, coordinated, and brutal terrorist attacks on 
        Israel;
            (3) Hamas's abductions and threats made against hostages, 
        including threats to use hostages as human shields, are 
        abhorrent;
            (4) Hamas should immediately cease its attacks against 
        Israel and return the body of the deceased hostage;
            (5) the people killed by Hamas's terrorist attacks deserve 
        to be commemorated, and the hostages, people wounded, and their 
        families deserve the support of the people of the United 
        States;
            (6) all countries should unequivocally condemn Hamas's war 
        on Israel, including Hamas's intentional targeting of, and 
        attacks against, civilians;
            (7) the United States appreciates the global advocacy 
        efforts calling for the release of all hostages;
            (8) Iran's support for global terrorism, including its 
        support for terrorist groups, such as Hamas and Palestinian 
        Islamic Jihad, should be condemned and opposed by all available 
        means;
            (9) the blocking of the borders of Gaza by the 
        administration of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu in 2025, 
        which prohibited entry of food, medicine, infant formula, fuel, 
        and other humanitarian assistance and essential services, 
        should be condemned;
            (10) the vast majority of men, women, and especially 
        children in Gaza, are civilians and not agents of Hamas;
            (11) actions by the Netanyahu administration that have 
        contributed to the humanitarian crisis and acute suffering of 
        Palestinians are horrifying;
            (12) occupying powers have a responsibility to ensure the 
        safety and well-being of the civilians in the occupied 
        territory;
            (13) the Netanyahu administration has implemented policies 
        that have regularly and deliberately undermined the delivery 
        and distribution of humanitarian assistance to Palestinians in 
        Gaza, exacerbating the humanitarian crisis in Gaza;
            (14) the restrictions on aid are being carried out by the 
        political appointees and senior military leadership of the 
        Netanyahu administration;
            (15) the restriction of aid by the Netanyahu administration 
        is not consistent with the State of Israel's core values and 
        commitment to human rights;
            (16) the Netanyahu administration's conduct has eroded the 
        State of Israel's standing in the world by undermining the rule 
        of law and violating fundamental human rights;
            (17) the United States can support the State of Israel's 
        right to exist while opposing the policies and conduct of the 
        Netanyahu administration;
            (18) the United States condemns the Netanyahu 
        administration for restricting aid, but it continues to greatly 
        value its relationship with the State of Israel;
            (19) the Netanyahu administration's restrictions on aid 
        create dire conditions for the civilians of Gaza, including 
        death from starvation;
            (20) children dying of starvation serves no military aims 
        for Israel;
            (21) such dire conditions undermine Israel's future 
        security;
            (22) Prime Minister Netanyahu or his successor should 
        immediately facilitate the delivery of neutral, independent, 
        impartial, and safe distribution of humanitarian assistance by 
        all legitimate local and international actors to end the 
        humanitarian crisis in Gaza as soon as possible;
            (23) legitimate local and international actors delivering 
        and distributing humanitarian assistance should at all times be 
        safe from deliberate, incidental, and collateral harm from 
        operations by Israel and its surrogates, including under the 
        Netanyahu administration; and
            (24) the President, the Secretary of State, and the heads 
        of other relevant United States Government agencies should 
        urgently use all available diplomatic tools--
                    (A) to maintain the ceasefire and hostage release 
                agreement agreed to by Israel and Hamas on October 10, 
                2025;
                    (B) to bring about an immediate and sustained surge 
                in humanitarian assistance to Palestinian civilians in 
                Gaza; and
                    (C) to lay the groundwork for a broader regional 
                peace through implementation of the 20-point plan 
                included in the agreement described in subparagraph 
                (A).

SEC. 4. STATEMENT OF POLICY.

    It is the policy of the United States that--
            (1) protected persons are entitled at all times to 
        sufficient humanitarian assistance;
            (2) if a government is unable or unwilling to ensure 
        delivery and distribution of sufficient humanitarian assistance 
        to a territory under its control, that government must allow 
        any and all United States and internationally recognized 
        humanitarian organizations to deliver and distribute sufficient 
        humanitarian assistance to the protected persons in that 
        territory; and
            (3) any covered persons acting on behalf of a government 
        found to be restricting, diminishing, undermining, or 
        preventing the delivery and distribution of sufficient 
        humanitarian assistance to protected persons, including 
        protected persons residing in a territory under the 
        government's control, are in violation of the policy described 
        in paragraphs (1) and (2).

SEC. 5. IDENTIFICATION OF COVERED PERSONS OBSTRUCTING HUMANITARIAN 
              ASSISTANCE.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the President shall 
submit to the appropriate congressional committees and leadership a 
report that includes--
            (1) a list of all covered persons the President determines 
        are in violation of the policy described in section 4;
            (2) for each such person--
                    (A) a justification for inclusion of the person on 
                the list, including a description of the information 
                supporting the inclusion of the person;
                    (B) a statement of which, if any, of the sanctions 
                described in section 6 have been imposed, or will be 
                imposed, with respect to the person within 30 days of 
                the submission of the report; and
                    (C) if sanctions under section 6 have not been 
                imposed and will not be imposed within 30 days of the 
                submission of the report with respect to the person--
                            (i) an identification of the specific 
                        authority under which otherwise applicable 
                        sanctions are being waived, have otherwise been 
                        determined not to apply, or are not being 
                        imposed; and
                            (ii) a complete justification of the 
                        decision to waive or otherwise not apply the 
                        sanctions;
            (3) if few or no such persons have been added to that list 
        during the year preceding submission of the report, a 
        description, prepared jointly by the Secretary of the Treasury 
        and the Secretary of State, of the reasons for not adding more 
        such persons to the list; and
            (4) a description, prepared jointly by the Secretary of the 
        Treasury and the Secretary of State, of efforts by the 
        executive branch to encourage the governments of other 
        countries to impose sanctions that are similar to the sanctions 
        imposed under this Act.
    (b) Form of Report.--
            (1) In general.--Except as provided by paragraph (2), each 
        report required by subsection (a) shall be submitted in an 
        unclassified form.
            (2) Exception.--The name of a person to be included in the 
        list required by subsection (a)(1) may be submitted in a 
        classified annex to the report required by subsection (a) only 
        if the President--
                    (A) determines that it is vital for the national 
                security interests of the United States to do so;
                    (B) uses the annex in a manner consistent with the 
                intent of Congress and the purposes of this Act; and
                    (C) not less than 15 days before submitting the 
                name in a classified annex, provides to the appropriate 
                congressional committees and leadership--
                            (i) notice of, and a justification for, 
                        including or continuing to include the person 
                        in the classified annex despite any publicly 
                        available credible information indicating that 
                        the person engaged in an activity in violation 
                        of the policy described in section 4; and
                            (ii) notice of, and a justification for the 
                        issuance of any waiver issued with respect to 
                        the person.
            (3) Public availability.--The unclassified portion of the 
        report required by subsection (a) shall be made available on a 
        publicly available internet website of the Federal Government 
        not later than 30 days after the report is submitted to the 
        appropriate congressional committees and leadership.

SEC. 6. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS.

    (a) In General.--The President shall impose sanctions under 
subsections (b) and (c) with respect to each covered person included in 
the list required by section 5(a)(1).
    (b) Diplomatic Sanctions.--
            (1) In general.--A covered person included in the list 
        required by section 5(a)(1) is--
                    (A) inadmissible to the United States;
                    (B) ineligible for a visa or other documentation to 
                enter the United States; and
                    (C) otherwise ineligible to be admitted or paroled 
                into the United States or to receive any other benefit 
                under the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
                1101 et seq.).
            (2) Visa and other entry documentation revocation.--
                    (A) In general.--The issuing consular officer, the 
                Secretary of State, or the Secretary of Homeland 
                Security (or a designee of one of such Secretaries) 
                shall, in accordance with section 221(i) of the 
                Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1201(i)), 
                revoke any visa or other entry documentation issued to 
                any covered person included in the list required by 
                section 5(a)(1), regardless of when the visa or other 
                entry documentation was issued.
                    (B) Immediate effect.--The revocation of a visa or 
                other entry documentation under subparagraph (A) 
                shall--
                            (i) take effect immediately; and
                            (ii) automatically cancel any other valid 
                        visa or entry documentation that is in the 
                        possession of the covered person.
            (3) Exception to comply with international obligations.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary of State may issue a 
                visa otherwise prohibited under paragraph (1) or not 
                revoke a visa otherwise required to be revoked under 
                paragraph (2) if the Secretary determines that doing so 
                is necessary--
                            (i) to enable the President to receive an 
                        ambassador or other public minister under 
                        section 3 of article II of the Constitution of 
                        the United States in a manner consistent with 
                        the Vienna Conventions; or
                            (ii) to permit the United States to comply 
                        with the Agreement regarding the Headquarters 
                        of the United Nations, signed at Lake Success 
                        June 26, 1947, and entered into force November 
                        21, 1947, between the United Nations and the 
                        United States, or with any other applicable 
                        international obligations.
                    (B) Limits on exceptional visas.--A visa issued 
                pursuant to subparagraph (A) shall be strictly limited 
                in scope and duration to the minimum required for the 
                purpose for which the visa is issued.
    (c) Financial Sanctions.--
            (1) Blocking of property.--The President shall exercise all 
        powers granted by the International Emergency Economic Powers 
        Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) (except that the requirements of 
        section 202 of such Act (50 U.S.C. 1701) shall not apply) to 
        the extent necessary to block and prohibit all transactions in 
        all property and interests in property of a covered person 
        included in the list required by section 5(a)(1) if such 
        property and interests in property are in the United States, 
        come within the United States, or are or come within the 
        possession or control of a United States person.
            (2) Exceptions.--
                    (A) National security.--Sanctions under paragraph 
                (1) shall not apply to a covered person if the 
                President determines that not applying the sanctions 
                with respect to the person is vital for the national 
                security interests of the United States.
                    (B) Humanitarian assistance.--Sanctions under 
                paragraph (1) may not be imposed with respect to a 
                transaction or the facilitation of a transaction for 
                the provision of humanitarian assistance to protected 
                persons, including a transaction relating to--
                            (i) the delivery and distribution of 
                        humanitarian assistance to protected persons; 
                        or
                            (ii) transporting goods or services that 
                        are necessary to carry out the delivery and 
                        distribution of humanitarian assistance to 
                        protected persons.
                    (C) Relating to importation of goods.--
                            (i) In general.--The authorities and 
                        requirements to impose sanctions under this Act 
                        shall not include the authority or a 
                        requirement to impose sanctions on the 
                        importation of goods.
                            (ii) Good defined.--In this clause, the 
                        term ``good'' means any article, natural or 
                        manmade substance, material, supply or 
                        manufactured product, including inspection and 
                        test equipment, and excluding technical data.
            (3) Enforcement.--
                    (A) Penalties.--A person that violates, attempts to 
                violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of 
                paragraph (1) or any regulation, license, or order 
                issued to carry out that paragraph shall be subject to 
                the penalties set forth in subsections (b) and (c) of 
                section 206 of the International Emergency Economic 
                Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) to the same extent as a 
                person that commits an unlawful act described in 
                subsection (a) of such section.
                    (B) Requirements for financial institutions.--Not 
                later than 120 days after the date of the enactment of 
                this Act, the Secretary of the Treasury shall prescribe 
                or amend regulations to require each financial 
                institution that is a United States person and has 
                within its possession or control property or interests 
                in property of a covered person included in the list 
                required by section 5(a)(1) to certify to the Secretary 
                that, to the best of the knowledge of the financial 
                institution, the financial institution has blocked all 
                such property and interests in property.
                    (C) Regulatory authority.--The Secretary of the 
                Treasury shall issue such regulations, licenses, and 
                orders as are necessary to carry out this subsection.

SEC. 7. WAIVER FOR NATIONAL SECURITY INTERESTS.

    (a) In General.--Not withstanding any other provision of law, the 
President may, for renewable periods not to exceed 180 days each, 
waive, in part or in whole, the application of sanctions under this Act 
with respect to a covered person if the President--
            (1) determines that such a waiver is in the national 
        security interests of the United States;
            (2) submits to the appropriate congressional committees and 
        leadership a report that describes the waiver or renewal and 
        the reasons for that waiver or renewal; and
            (3) a joint resolution of disapproval relating to the 
        report submitted under subsection (b) is not enacted into law 
        pursuant to section 9.
    (b) Requirements.--For each waiver granted under subsection (a), 
the President shall--
            (1) limit the duration and scope of the waiver to the 
        minimum required to serve the national security interests for 
        which the waiver is issued; and
            (2) upon expiration of the waiver, immediately determine 
        whether the covered person covered by the waiver still meets 
        the criteria for inclusion in the list required by section 
        5(a)(1).
    (c) Persons Meeting Criteria for Sanctions.--If the President 
determines under subsection (b)(2) that a covered person still meets 
the criteria for inclusion in the list required by section 5(a)(1) 
after the expiration of a waiver applicable to the person, the 
President shall apply sanctions under section 6 with respect to the 
person.
    (d) Persons Not Meeting Criteria for Sanctions.--If the President 
determines under subsection (b)(2) that a covered person no longer 
meets the criteria for inclusion in the list required by section 
5(a)(1) after the expiration of a waiver applicable to the person, the 
President shall--
            (1) pursuant to sections 8 and 9, notify Congress of the 
        intent of the President to terminate the application of 
        sanctions under this Act with respect to the person; and
            (2) resume making annual determinations with respect to 
        whether the person meets the criteria for inclusion in the list 
        required by section 5(a)(1).

SEC. 8. TERMINATION OF SANCTIONS.

    (a) Termination of Sanctions on Individual Persons.--
            (1) In general.--The President may terminate the 
        application of sanctions under this Act with respect to a 
        covered person if--
                    (A) the President determines that--
                            (i) credible and verifiable information 
                        exists that the person never met the criteria 
                        for inclusion in the list required by section 
                        5(a)(1);
                            (ii) credible and verifiable information 
                        exists that the person--
                                    (I) no longer meets such criteria; 
                                and
                                    (II) has credibly committed to not 
                                engage in any activity that would meet 
                                such criteria in the future; or
                            (iii) the termination of the sanctions is 
                        in the national security interests of the 
                        United States;
                    (B) the President submits to the appropriate 
                congressional committees and leadership a report that 
                includes--
                            (i) a request to terminate the application 
                        of sanctions under this Act with respect to the 
                        person; and
                            (ii) a description of the reasons for that 
                        request; and
                    (C) a joint resolution of disapproval relating to 
                the report submitted under subparagraph (B) is not 
                enacted into law pursuant to section 9.
            (2) Confidentiality of proprietary information.--
        Proprietary information that can be associated with a request 
        to terminate sanctions with respect to a specific covered 
        person may be included in a report submitted under paragraph 
        (1)(B) only if--
                    (A) the appropriate congressional committees and 
                leadership provide assurances of confidentiality; or
                    (B) the covered person consents in writing to the 
                inclusion of the information.
    (b) Termination of Sanctions Program.--The President may terminate 
the application of all sanctions under this Act with respect to a 
country if--
            (1) the President determines that there no longer exists 
        any covered person in that country that meets the criteria for 
        inclusion in the list required by section 5(a)(1);
            (2) the President submits to the appropriate congressional 
        committees and leadership a report that includes--
                    (A) a request to terminate the application of 
                sanctions under this Act; and
                    (B) a description of the reasons for that request; 
                and
            (3) a joint resolution of disapproval relating to the 
        report submitted under paragraph (2) is not enacted into law 
        pursuant to section 9.

SEC. 9. CONGRESSIONAL OVERSIGHT.

    (a) Congressional Requests for Determinations of Specific Covered 
Persons.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 60 days after receiving a 
        request from the chairman and ranking member of one of the 
        appropriate congressional committees with respect to whether a 
        covered person meets the criteria for inclusion in the list 
        required by section 5(a)(1), the President shall--
                    (A) determine if the person meets those criteria; 
                and
                    (B) submit to the chairman and ranking member a 
                report with respect to that determination that includes 
                a statement of whether or not the President imposed or 
                intends to impose sanctions under this Act with respect 
                to the person.
            (2) Form.--Each report submitted under paragraph (1)(B) 
        shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include a 
        classified annex if necessary.
    (b) Submission to Congress of Proposed Action.--
            (1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
        law, before taking any action described in paragraph (2), the 
        President shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
        committees and leadership a report that describes the proposed 
        action and the reasons for that action.
            (2) Actions described.--An action described in this 
        paragraph is--
                    (A) an action to waive the application of any 
                sanctions pursuant to section 7; or
                    (B) an action to terminate the application of any 
                sanctions pursuant to section 8.
    (c) Congressional Review of Requests for Proposed Action.--
            (1) In general.--During the period of 30 calendar days 
        beginning on the date on which the President submits a report 
        under section 7 or 8, the appropriate congressional committees 
        should, as appropriate, hold hearings and briefings and 
        otherwise obtain information in order to fully review the 
        report.
            (2) Exception.--The period for congressional review under 
        paragraph (1) of a report submitted under section 7 or 8 shall 
        be 60 calendar days if the report is submitted on or after July 
        10 and on or before September 7 in any calendar year.
            (3) Limitation on actions during initial congressional 
        review period.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, 
        during the period for congressional review provided for under 
        paragraph (1) of a report submitted under section 7 or 8, 
        including any additional period for such review as applicable 
        under the exception provided in paragraph (2), the President 
        may not take the requested action unless a joint resolution of 
        approval with respect to that action is enacted in accordance 
        with subsection (d).
            (4) Limitation on actions during presidential consideration 
        of a joint resolution of disapproval.--Notwithstanding any 
        other provision of law, if a joint resolution of disapproval 
        relating to a report submitted under section 7 or 8 passes both 
        Houses of Congress in accordance with subsection (d), the 
        President may not take that action for a period of 12 calendar 
        days after the date of passage of the joint resolution of 
        disapproval.
            (5) Limitation on actions during congressional 
        reconsideration of a joint resolution of disapproval.--
        Notwithstanding any other provision of law, if a joint 
        resolution of disapproval relating to a report submitted under 
        section 7 or 8 passes both Houses of Congress in accordance 
        with subsection (d), and the President vetoes the joint 
        resolution, the President may not take that action for a period 
        of 10 calendar days after the date of the President's veto.
            (6) Effect of enactment of a joint resolution of 
        disapproval.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, if a 
        joint resolution of disapproval relating to a report submitted 
        under section 7 or 8 is enacted in accordance with subsection 
        (d), the President may not take that action.
    (d) Joint Resolutions of Approval or Disapproval Defined.--
            (1) Joint resolution of approval.--In this subsection, the 
        term ``joint resolution of approval'' means only a joint 
        resolution of either House of Congress--
                    (A) the title of which is as follows: ``A joint 
                resolution approving the President's proposal to waive 
                or terminate the application of certain sanctions with 
                respect to the obstruction of humanitarian 
                assistance.''; and
                    (B) the sole matter after the resolving clause of 
                which is the following: ``Congress approves of the 
                action relating to the application of sanctions imposed 
                with respect to the obstruction of humanitarian 
                assistance set forth in the report submitted to 
                Congress under _______ of the Accountability for 
                Withholding Aid and Relief Essentials Act of 2026 on 
                _______ relating to _______.'', with the first blank 
                space being filled with either section 7 or 8, as 
                applicable, the second blank space being filled with 
                the appropriate date, and the third blank space being 
                filled with a short description of the proposed action.
            (2) Joint resolution of disapproval.--The term ``joint 
        resolution of disapproval'' means only a joint resolution of 
        either House of Congress--
                    (A) the title of which is as follows: ``A joint 
                resolution disapproving the President's proposal to 
                waive or terminate the application of certain sanctions 
                with respect to the obstruction of humanitarian 
                assistance.''; and
                    (B) the sole matter after the resolving clause of 
                which is the following: ``Congress disapproves of the 
                action relating to the application of sanctions imposed 
                with respect to the obstruction of humanitarian 
                assistance set forth in the report submitted to 
                Congress under _______ of the Accountability for 
                Withholding Aid and Relief Essentials Act of 2026 on 
                _______ relating to _______.'', with the first blank 
                space being filled with either section 7 or 8, as 
                applicable, the second blank space being filled with 
                the appropriate date, and the third blank space being 
                filled with a short description of the proposed action.
            (3) Introduction.--During the period of 30 calendar days 
        provided for under subsection (c), including any additional 
        period as applicable under the exception provided in paragraph 
        (2) of that subsection, a joint resolution of approval or joint 
        resolution of disapproval may be introduced--
                    (A) in the Senate, by the majority leader (or the 
                majority leader's designee) or the minority leader (or 
                the minority leader's designee); and
                    (B) in the House of Representatives, by the 
                majority leader or the minority leader.
            (4) Floor consideration in house of representatives.--If a 
        committee of the House of Representatives to which a joint 
        resolution of approval or joint resolution of disapproval has 
        been referred has not reported the joint resolution within 10 
        calendar days after the date of referral, that committee shall 
        be discharged from further consideration of the joint 
        resolution.
            (5) Consideration in the senate.--
                    (A) Committee referral.--A joint resolution of 
                approval or joint resolution of disapproval introduced 
                in the Senate shall be referred to the Committee on 
                Foreign Relations of the Senate.
                    (B) Reporting and discharge.--If the Committee on 
                Foreign Relations has not reported the joint resolution 
                within 10 calendar days after the date of referral of 
                the joint resolution, that committee shall be 
                discharged from further consideration of the joint 
                resolution and the joint resolution shall be placed on 
                the appropriate calendar.
                    (C) Proceeding to consideration.--Notwithstanding 
                Rule XXII of the Standing Rules of the Senate, it is in 
                order at any time after the Committee on Foreign 
                Relations reports a joint resolution of approval or 
                joint resolution of disapproval to the Senate or has 
                been discharged from consideration of such a joint 
                resolution (even though a previous motion to the same 
                effect has been disagreed to) to move to proceed to the 
                consideration of the joint resolution, and all points 
                of order against the joint resolution (and against 
                consideration of the joint resolution) are waived. The 
                motion to proceed is not debatable. The motion is not 
                subject to a motion to postpone. A motion to reconsider 
                the vote by which the motion is agreed to or disagreed 
                to shall not be in order.
                    (D) Rulings of the chair on procedure.--Appeals 
                from the decisions of the Chair relating to the 
                application of the rules of the Senate to the procedure 
                relating to a joint resolution of approval or joint 
                resolution of disapproval shall be decided without 
                debate.
                    (E) Consideration of veto messages.--Debate in the 
                Senate of any veto message with respect to a joint 
                resolution of approval or joint resolution of 
                disapproval, including all debatable motions and 
                appeals in connection with the joint resolution, shall 
                be limited to 10 hours, to be equally divided between, 
                and controlled by, the majority leader and the minority 
                leader or their designees.
            (6) Rules relating to senate and house of 
        representatives.--
                    (A) Treatment of senate joint resolution in house 
                of representatives.--In the House of Representatives, 
                the following procedures shall apply to a joint 
                resolution of approval or a joint resolution of 
                disapproval received from the Senate (unless the House 
                of Representatives has already adopted a joint 
                resolution relating to the same proposed action):
                            (i) The joint resolution shall be referred 
                        to the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
                        House of Representatives.
                            (ii) If the Committee on Foreign Affairs 
                        has not reported the joint resolution within 2 
                        calendar days after the date of referral, that 
                        committee shall be discharged from further 
                        consideration of the joint resolution.
                            (iii) Beginning on the third legislative 
                        day after the Committee on Foreign Affairs 
                        reports the joint resolution to the House of 
                        Representatives or has been discharged from 
                        further consideration thereof, it shall be in 
                        order to move to proceed to consider the joint 
                        resolution in the House of Representatives. All 
                        points of order against the motion are waived. 
                        Such a motion shall not be in order after the 
                        House of Representatives has disposed of a 
                        motion to proceed on the joint resolution. The 
                        previous question shall be considered as 
                        ordered on the motion to its adoption without 
                        intervening motion. The motion shall not be 
                        debatable. A motion to reconsider the vote by 
                        which the motion is disposed of shall not be in 
                        order.
                            (iv) The joint resolution shall be 
                        considered as read. All points of order against 
                        the joint resolution and against its 
                        consideration are waived. The previous question 
                        shall be considered as ordered on the joint 
                        resolution to final adoption without 
                        intervening motion except 2 hours of debate 
                        equally divided and controlled by the sponsor 
                        of the joint resolution (or a designee) and an 
                        opponent. A motion to reconsider the vote on 
                        adoption of the joint resolution shall not be 
                        in order.
                    (B) Treatment of house of representatives joint 
                resolution in senate.--
                            (i) Receipt of house resolution before 
                        adoption of senate resolution.--If, before the 
                        adoption by the Senate of a joint resolution of 
                        approval or a joint resolution of disapproval, 
                        the Senate receives an identical joint 
                        resolution from the House of Representatives, 
                        the following procedures shall apply:
                                    (I) That joint resolution shall not 
                                be referred to a committee.
                                    (II) With respect to that joint 
                                resolution--
                                            (aa) the procedure in the 
                                        Senate shall be the same as if 
                                        no joint resolution had been 
                                        received from the House of 
                                        Representatives; but
                                            (bb) the vote on adoption 
                                        shall be on the joint 
                                        resolution from the House of 
                                        Representatives.
                            (ii) Receipt of house resolution after 
                        adoption of senate resolution.--If, following 
                        adoption of a joint resolution of approval or a 
                        joint resolution of disapproval in the Senate, 
                        the Senate receives an identical joint 
                        resolution from the House of Representatives, 
                        that joint resolution shall be placed on the 
                        appropriate Senate calendar.
                            (iii) No senate companion.--If a joint 
                        resolution of approval or a joint resolution of 
                        disapproval is received from the House of 
                        Representatives, and no companion joint 
                        resolution has been introduced in the Senate, 
                        the Senate procedures under this subsection 
                        shall apply to the joint resolution from the 
                        House.
                    (C) Application to revenue measures.--The 
                provisions of this paragraph shall not apply in the 
                House of Representatives to a joint resolution of 
                approval or a joint resolution of disapproval that is a 
                revenue measure.
            (7) Rules of senate and house of representatives.--This 
        subsection is enacted by Congress--
                    (A) as an exercise of the rulemaking power of the 
                Senate and the House of Representatives, respectively, 
                and as such is deemed a part of the rules of each House 
                of Congress, respectively, and supersedes other rules 
                only to the extent that it is inconsistent with such 
                rules; and
                    (B) with full recognition of the constitutional 
                right of either House to change the rules (so far as 
                relating to the procedure of that House) at any time, 
                in the same manner, and to the same extent as in the 
                case of any other rule of that House.

SEC. 10. SUNSET.

    This Act shall terminate on the date that is 10 years after the 
date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 11. SEVERABILITY.

    If any provision of this Act, or the application of any such 
provision to any person or circumstance, is held to be 
unconstitutional, the remainder of the provisions of this Act, and the 
application of those provisions to any other person or circumstance, 
shall not be affected.

SEC. 12. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
        ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
                    (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
                Senate; and
                    (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House 
                of Representatives.
            (2) Appropriate congressional committees and leadership.--
        The term ``appropriate congressional committees and 
        leadership'' means--
                    (A) the appropriate congressional committees;
                    (B) the majority leader and the minority leader of 
                the Senate; and
                    (C) the Speaker, the majority leader, and the 
                minority leader of the House of Representatives.
            (3) Covered person.--The term ``covered person'' means a 
        foreign person who is any of the following:
                    (A) The prime minister or head of state of a 
                foreign government or any official in the office of the 
                prime minister or head of state in a foreign 
                government.
                    (B) A cabinet member or any official serving in the 
                office of a cabinet member of a foreign government.
                    (C) Any official of a foreign government who 
                reports to a cabinet official.
                    (D) Any official of a foreign government overseeing 
                civilian coordination.
                    (E) Any official of a foreign government 
                facilitating humanitarian projects.
                    (F) Any official of a foreign government 
                facilitating infrastructure projects.
                    (G) Any commissioned officer serving in the 
                military of a foreign country with a rank equivalent to 
                the rank of lieutenant colonel or higher in the United 
                States Armed Forces.
                    (H) Any other individual of equivalent rank serving 
                in a security agency affiliated with, associated with, 
                or working on behalf of a foreign government.
                    (I) Any entity, including a foundation or economic 
                conglomerate, overseen by an individual described in 
                any of subparagraphs (A) through (H), or owned or 
                controlled by such an individual, that is complicit in 
                financing or resourcing the restriction of humanitarian 
                assistance to protected persons.
                    (J) Any person determined by the President--
                            (i)(I) to be complicit in financing or 
                        resourcing the restriction of humanitarian 
                        assistance to protected persons; and
                            (II) appointed by an individual described 
                        in any of subparagraphs (A) through (H) to a 
                        position--
                                    (aa) as an official of a foreign 
                                government; or
                                    (bb) the head of a nongovernmental 
                                entity;
                            (ii) to have materially assisted, 
                        sponsored, or provided financial, material, or 
                        technological support for, or goods or services 
                        to or in support of any person the property and 
                        interests in property are blocked pursuant to 
                        section 6(c);
                            (iii) to be owned or controlled by, or to 
                        have acted or purported to act for or on behalf 
                        of, directly or indirectly any person the 
                        property and interests in property of which are 
                        blocked pursuant to section 6(c); or
                            (iv) to be a member of the board of 
                        directors or a senior executive officer of any 
                        person the property and interests in property 
                        of which are blocked pursuant to section 6(c).
            (4) Foreign person.--The term ``foreign person'' means an 
        individual or entity that is not a United States person.
            (5) Humanitarian assistance.--The term ``humanitarian 
        assistance'' includes the provision of food, water, shelter, 
        health services and medicines, hygiene products, clothing, 
        essential services, and basic service delivery items, such as 
        fuel.
            (6) Protected person.--The term ``protected person'' means 
        an individual who--
                    (A) is a civilian, noncombatant, and takes no part 
                in hostilities; and
                    (B) performs no work for, and provides no material 
                support to, any United States recognized terrorist or 
                insurgent organization.
            (7) United states and internationally recognized 
        humanitarian organization.--The term ``United States and 
        internationally recognized humanitarian organization'' means 
        any international organization or nongovernmental organization 
        that--
                    (A) provides humanitarian assistance that is 
                recognized by and in good standing with the United 
                Nations and the United States Government; or
                    (B) complies with established professional 
                standards, such as the Sphere humanitarian standards or 
                the United Nations coordinated response guidance.
            (8) United states person.--The term ``United States 
        person'' means--
                    (A) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully 
                admitted for permanent residence to the United States;
                    (B) an entity organized under the laws of the 
                United States or any jurisdiction within the United 
                States, including a foreign branch of such an entity; 
                or
                    (C) any person in the United States.
            (9) United states recognized terrorist or insurgent 
        organization.--The term ``United States recognized terrorist or 
        insurgent organization'' means an organization that is 
        designated as a foreign terrorist organization under section 
        219 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189).
            (10) Vienna conventions.--The term ``Vienna Conventions'' 
        means--
                    (A) the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, 
                done at Vienna April 18, 1961 (23 UST 3227); and
                    (B) the Convention on Consular Relations, done at 
                Vienna April 24, 1963 (21 UST 77).
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