[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 3700 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

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119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 3700

   To establish an expert review panel to make recommendations for a 
     comprehensive agency-wide safety management system at the FAA.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                            January 27, 2026

Ms. Cantwell (for herself, Ms. Duckworth, Mr. Markey, Mr. Warner, Mrs. 
 Shaheen, and Ms. Klobuchar) introduced the following bill; which was 
  read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
                             Transportation

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
   To establish an expert review panel to make recommendations for a 
     comprehensive agency-wide safety management system at the FAA.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``FAA SMS Compliance Review Act of 
2026''.

SEC. 2. EXPERT COMPLIANCE REVIEW OF FAA SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM.

    (a) Expert Compliance Review.--
            (1) Establishment.--
                    (A) In general.--Not later than 60 days after the 
                date of enactment of this section, the Administrator 
                shall convene an independent expert panel (in this 
                section referred to as the ``review panel'') to review 
                and make findings and recommendations on the matters 
                listed in paragraph (2).
                    (B) Purpose.--The purpose of the review panel is to 
                review and evaluate FAA orders and policies to inform 
                the FAA's implementation of a comprehensive and 
                integrated SMS within the FAA.
            (2) Contents of review.--The review panel shall review the 
        following:
                    (A) The extent to which the FAA's SMS complies with 
                relevant FAA orders and policies.
                    (B) The actual and projected safety enhancements 
                achieved through the FAA's prior implementation of SMS.
                    (C) The effectiveness of SMS, including with 
                respect to the implementation of the following 4 
                components:
                            (i) Safety policy.
                            (ii) Safety risk management.
                            (iii) Safety assurance.
                            (iv) Safety promotion.
                    (D) The extent to which the FAA's safety culture 
                promotes or fosters the SMS consistent with the 
                principles of the ICAO's Safety Management Manual (Doc. 
                9859) or any similar successor document.
                    (E) The effectiveness of FAA's internal audit 
                process to determine, at minimum, the performance of 
                FAA's SMS.
                    (F) The extent to which SMS and each of the 4 
                components described in subparagraph (C) are integrated 
                appropriately among and across lines of business of the 
                FAA.
                    (G) The extent to which SMS and each of the 4 
                components so described are understood by, communicated 
                to, and included in training for, personnel at the FAA.
                    (H) The efficacy of existing SMS in place at 
                applicable lines of business at the FAA including, but 
                not limited to, the Air Traffic Organization, the 
                Aviation Safety Office, and the Office of Airports.
                    (I) The efficacy of the FAA's Voluntary Safety 
                Reporting Programs as part of SMS, including the 
                efficacy of specific voluntary safety reporting 
                programs at applicable lines of business, and any 
                actions taken by the FAA in response to reports filed 
                under such programs.
                    (J) Whether the Federal Government should advocate 
                for changes to Annex 19-Safety Management of the ICAO 
                to ensure appropriate updates to the State Safety 
                Program standards and recommended practices, 
                including--
                            (i) a systems-level approach to evaluating 
                        and improving SMS for air navigation service 
                        providers; and
                            (ii) the implementation of SMS for civil 
                        aviation regulators.
                    (K) Any other matter determined by the 
                Administrator for which review by the review panel 
                would be consistent with the public interest in 
                aviation safety.
            (3) Composition of review panel.--
                    (A) Appointed members.--The review panel shall 
                consist of the following members appointed by the 
                Administrator:
                            (i) Two representatives of the National 
                        Aeronautics and Space Administration with 
                        expertise in SMSs.
                            (ii) Five appropriately qualified 
                        representatives of aviation labor organizations 
                        (designated by the applicable represented 
                        organization), including--
                                    (I) organizations representing 
                                certified collective bargaining 
                                representatives of airline pilots; and
                                    (II) the exclusive bargaining 
                                representatives of FAA air traffic 
                                controllers certified under section 
                                7111 of title 5, United States Code.
                            (iii) Not less than 5 independent subject 
                        matter experts in safety management systems 
                        who--
                                    (I) have not served as a political 
                                appointee in the FAA; and
                                    (II) have a minimum of 10 years of 
                                relevant applied experience.
                            (iv) Two air carrier employees whose job 
                        responsibilities include administration of a 
                        SMS.
                            (v) Two individuals representing holders of 
                        a certificate issued under part 21 of title 14, 
                        Code of Federal Regulations, whose job 
                        responsibilities include administration of a 
                        SMS.
                            (vi) Two other representatives from the 
                        aerospace industry that do not meet the 
                        criteria described in clause (iv) or (v) and 
                        who have expertise in SMS or whose job 
                        responsibilities include administration of a 
                        SMS.
                            (vii) A representative of the United States 
                        Mission to the ICAO.
                            (viii) A representative from the National 
                        Transportation Safety Board, as a non-voting 
                        member.
                    (B) Advisory members.--
                            (i) In general.--In addition to the 
                        appointed members described in subparagraph 
                        (A), the review panel shall be advised by up to 
                        5 employees of the FAA, at least 3 of whom 
                        shall be subject matter experts in implementing 
                        SMS at the FAA.
                            (ii) Duties.--The advisory members may take 
                        part in deliberations of the review panel and 
                        provide subject matter expertise with respect 
                        to the review panel's work.
            (4) Recommendations.--The review panel shall issue 
        recommendations to the Administrator based on the review of the 
        matters listed in paragraph (2) in order to inform the FAA's 
        implementation of a comprehensive and integrated SMS for lines 
        of business within the FAA.
            (5) Report.--
                    (A) Submission.--Not later than 180 days after the 
                date of the first meeting of the review panel, the 
                review panel shall submit to the Administrator and the 
                appropriate committees of Congress a report containing 
                the findings and recommendations regarding the matters 
                listed in paragraph (2) that are endorsed by a majority 
                of the appointed members of the review panel.
                    (B) Dissenting views.--In submitting the report 
                under subparagraph (A), the review panel shall append 
                to such report the dissenting views of any individual 
                appointed member or group of appointed members of the 
                review panel regarding the findings or recommendations 
                of the review panel.
                    (C) Publication.--Not later than 5 days after 
                receiving the report under subparagraph (A), the 
                Administrator shall publish such report, including any 
                dissenting views appended to the report, on the website 
                of the FAA.
                    (D) Termination.--The review panel shall terminate 
                upon the submission of the report under subparagraph 
                (A).
            (6) Administrative provisions.--
                    (A) Access to information.--
                            (i) In general.--The review panel shall 
                        have the authority to perform the following 
                        actions if a majority of the appointed members 
                        of the review panel consider each action 
                        necessary and appropriate:
                                    (I) Entering onto the premises of 
                                the FAA for access to and inspection of 
                                records or other purposes.
                                    (II) Notwithstanding any other 
                                provision of law, except as provided in 
                                clause (ii), accessing and inspecting 
                                de-identified, but otherwise 
                                unredacted, records directly necessary 
                                for the completion of the review 
                                panel's work under this section that 
                                are in the possession of the FAA.
                                    (III) Interviewing employees of the 
                                FAA as necessary for the review panel 
                                to complete its work.
                            (ii) Non-federal government members.--
                        Members of the review panel who are not 
                        officers or employees of the Federal Government 
                        shall only have access to, and be allowed to 
                        inspect, information provided to the FAA 
                        pursuant to section 40123 of title 49, United 
                        States Code, and part 193 of title 14, Code of 
                        Federal Regulations, in a de-identified form.
                    (B) Nondisclosure of confidential information.--
                            (i) Nondisclosure for non-federal 
                        government members.--
                                    (I) Non-federal government 
                                participants.--Prior to participating 
                                on the review panel, each individual 
                                serving on the review panel 
                                representing a non-Federal entity shall 
                                execute an agreement with the 
                                Administrator in which the individual 
                                shall be prohibited from disclosing at 
                                any time, except as required by law, to 
                                any person, foreign or domestic, any 
                                non-public information made available 
                                to the panel under subparagraph (A).
                                    (II) Federal government 
                                participants.--Federal officers or 
                                employees serving on the review panel 
                                as representatives of the Federal 
                                Government and subject to the 
                                requirement to protect confidential 
                                information (including proprietary 
                                information and trade secrets under 
                                section 1905 of title 18, United States 
                                Code) shall not be required to execute 
                                agreements under this clause.
                            (ii) Protection of information.--
                        Information that is obtained or reviewed by the 
                        review panel shall not constitute a waiver of 
                        the protections applicable to the information 
                        under section 552 of title 5, United States 
                        Code (commonly referred to as the ``Freedom of 
                        Information Act''). Members of the review panel 
                        shall protect such information to the extent 
                        required under applicable law.
                            (iii) Protection of proprietary information 
                        and trade secrets.--Members of the review panel 
                        shall protect proprietary information, trade 
                        secrets, and other information otherwise exempt 
                        under section 552 of title 5, United States 
                        Code, to the extent permitted under applicable 
                        law.
            (7) Inapplicability of faca.--The review panel shall not be 
        subject to chapter 10 of title 5, United States Code (commonly 
        referred to as the ``Federal Advisory Committee Act'').
            (8) Congressional briefings.--Not later than 180 days after 
        the submission of the recommendations under paragraph (4), and 
        every 90 days thereafter, the Administrator shall report to the 
        appropriate committees of Congress on the status of any ongoing 
        actions in response to such recommendations, including the 
        status of implementation of each of the recommendations of the 
        review panel, if any, with which the Administrator concurs.
    (b) Non-Concurrence With Recommendations.--Not later than 6 months 
after submission of the recommendations under subsection (a)(4), with 
respect to each recommendation of the review panel with which the 
Administrator does not concur, if any, the Administrator shall publish 
on the website of the FAA and submit to the appropriate committees of 
Congress a detailed explanation for such determination.
    (c) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Administrator.--The term ``Administrator'' means the 
        Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration.
            (2) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term 
        ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means the Committee on 
        Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the 
        Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of 
        Representatives.
            (3) FAA.--The term ``FAA'' means the Federal Aviation 
        Administration.
            (4) ICAO.--The term ``ICAO'' means the International Civil 
        Aviation Organization.
            (5) SMS.--The term ``SMS'' means a safety management 
        system.
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