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Calendar No. 470
104th Congress Report
SENATE
2d Session 104-295
_______________________________________________________________________
FOREIGN OPERATIONS, EXPORT FINANCING, AND RELATED PROGRAMS
APPROPRIATION BILL, 1997
_______
June 27, 1996.--Ordered to be printed
_______________________________________________________________________
Mr. McConnell, from the Committee on Appropriations, submitted the
following
R E P O R T
[To accompany H.R. 3540]
The Committee on Appropriations to which was referred the
bill (H.R. 3540), making appropriations for Foreign Assistance
and related programs for the fiscal year ending September 30,
1997, and for other purposes, reports the same to the Senate
with amendments and recommends that the bill as amended do
pass.
Amounts in new budget authority
Fiscal year 1996 appropriations......................... $12,379,536,669
Fiscal year 1997 budget estimate........................ 12,925,309,810
Amount of bill as passed by House....................... 11,919,044,710
Amount of bill as reported to Senate.................... 12,217,980,710
Bill as recommended to Senate compared to:
1996 appropriations................................. -161,555,959
Budget estimate..................................... -707,329,100
House passed bill................................... +298,936,000
SUMMARY TABLE: AMOUNTS IN NEW BUDGET AUTHORITY
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Increase (+) or decrease (-), Senate
bill compared with
Item Budget estimate House reported Recommended by -------------------------------------
bill Senate Committee House reported
Budget estimate bill
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Export assistance........................................ $646,165,000 $630,614,000 $632,000,000 -$14,165,000 +$1,386,000
Economic assistance--Bilateral........................... 7,304,326,000 7,152,176,000 7,155,826,000 -148,500,000 +3,650,000
Military assistance...................................... 3,217,250,000 3,199,725,000 3,223,000,000 +5,750,000 +23,275,000
Economic assistance--Multilateral........................ 1,757,568,810 936,529,710 1,207,154,710 -543,414,100 +270,625,000
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, fiscal year 1997............................ 12,925,309,810 11,919,044,710 12,217,980,710 -707,329,100 +298,936,000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C O N T E N T S
----------
Page
Summary of total budget authority in the bill.................... 5
Historical totals of foreign assistance.......................... 5
Items of special interest........................................ 19
Foreign aid and economic growth.............................. 19
Title I--Export assistance:
Export-Import Bank of the United States...................... 21
Overseas Private Investment Corporation...................... 21
Trade and Development Agency................................. 22
Title II--Bilateral economic assistance:
Development assistance....................................... 23
International disaster assistance............................ 34
Payment to the foreign service retirement and disability fund 34
AID operating expenses....................................... 35
Operating expenses of the Office of Inspector General........ 35
Other bilateral economic assistance.......................... 35
International Fund for Ireland............................... 37
Assistance for Eastern Europe and the Baltic States.......... 37
Assistance for the New Independent States of the former
Soviet Union............................................... 38
Independent Agencies:
African Development Foundation........................... 45
Inter-American Foundation................................ 45
Peace Corps.............................................. 45
Department of State:
International narcotics control.......................... 45
Migration and refugee assistance......................... 46
Emergency refugee and migration assistance fund.......... 48
Antiterrorism............................................ 48
Nonproliferation and disarmament fund.................... 48
Title III--Military assistance:
International military education and training................ 51
Foreign military financing................................... 51
Special defense acquisition fund............................. 55
Peacekeeping operations...................................... 55
Title IV--Multilateral economic assistance:
International financial institutions summary................. 56
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development........ 56
International Development Association........................ 57
International Finance Corporation............................ 58
Inter-American Development Bank.............................. 58
Asian Development Bank....................................... 59
Asian Development Fund....................................... 60
African Development Bank and Fund............................ 61
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development............. 61
North American Development Bank.............................. 62
Enhanced structural adjustment facility of the International
Monetary Fund.............................................. 63
Department of State: Voluntary contributions to international
organizations and programs................................. 63
Title V--General provisions...................................... 64
Compliance with paragraph 7, rule XVI of the standing rules of
the Senate..................................................... 67
Compliance with paragraph 7(c), rule XXVI of the standing rules
of the Senate.................................................. 67
Compliance with paragraph 12, rule XXVI of the standing rules of
the Senate..................................................... 68
Budget impact statement.......................................... 73
SUMMARY OF TOTAL BUDGET AUTHORITY IN THE BILL
The Committee recommends a net total of $12,217,980,710 in
new budget authority, divided into the following categories:
Multilateral economic assistance........................ $1,207,154,710
Bilateral economic assistance........................... 7,155,826,000
Military assistance..................................... 3,223,000,000
Export-import assistance................................ 632,000,000
The Committee recommendations represent a total decrease of
$707,329,100 below the President's fiscal year 1997 request.
The Committee recommends budget authority of $912,154,710
for the international financial institutions, which is
$513,414,100 below the requested amount.
HISTORICAL TOTALS OF FOREIGN ASSISTANCE
As in the past, the Committee is including in its report
several tables and graphs, updated with the latest available
data, which illustrate certain trends in U.S. foreign
assistance.
Table 1.--Foreign Aid Expenditures by Donor Countries
The following table shows the amounts expended by donor
countries on foreign aid in 1995 and what percent of their GNP
that amount represents:
OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE [ODA] 1995--PRELIMINARY
[Dollars in millions]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GNP Donor aid
Country Amount (percent) per capita
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Australia.......................................................... $1,136 0.34 $63.82
Austria............................................................ 747 .32 93.37
Belgium............................................................ 1,033 .38 102.28
Canada............................................................. 2,113 .39 72.36
Denmark............................................................ 1,628 .97 313.08
Finland............................................................ 387 .32 75.88
France............................................................. 8,439 .55 145.75
Germany............................................................ 7,481 .31 91.79
Ireland............................................................ 143 .27 39.72
Italy.............................................................. 1,521 .14 26.64
Japan.............................................................. 14,484 .28 115.87
Luxembourg......................................................... 68 .38 174.35
Netherlands........................................................ 3,321 .80 215.65
New Zealand........................................................ 123 .23 35.14
Norway............................................................. 1,244 .87 289.30
Portugal........................................................... 269 .27 27.17
Spain.............................................................. 1,309 .23 33.48
Sweden............................................................. 1,982 .89 225.23
Switzerland........................................................ 1,084 .34 154.86
United Kingdom..................................................... 3,185 .29 54.54
United States...................................................... 7,303 .10 28.01
--------------------------------------------
Total DAC.................................................... 59,002 .38 ...........
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 2.--U.S. Foreign Assistance, Fiscal Years 1946-95
The following tables illustrate the total amount of foreign
assistance furnished to other nations by the United States
during the fiscal years 1946-95 and amounts by region and
country for 1946-95:
U.S. FOREIGN ASSISTANCE, FISCAL YEARS 1946-95
[In millions of dollars]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Economic Military
Country assistance assistance Total
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total economic and military
assistance, fiscal years 1946-
95.............................. 293,865.9 158,629.3 452,495.2
Total other U.S. loans and
grants, fiscal years 1946-95.... 82,521.5 ........... 82,521.5
--------------------------------------
Grand total................ 376,387.4 158,629.3 535,016.7
------------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S. ECONOMIC AND MILITARY ASSISTANCE: DETAIL BY REGION AND BY COUNTRY-
FISCAL YEARS 1946-95
[In millions of dollars]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Economic Military
Country assistance assistance Total
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Near East:
Algeria...................... 206.2 1.1 207.3
Bahrain...................... 2.4 1.7 4.1
Cento........................ 39.6 ........... 39.6
Egypt........................ 22,798.9 19,908.6 42,707.5
Iran......................... 767.7 1,404.9 2,172.6
Iraq......................... 56.4 50.0 106.4
Israel....................... 22,870.5 36,627.4 59,497.9
Jordan....................... 2,004.7 1,935.4 3,940.1
Lebanon...................... 431.3 278.4 709.7
Morocco...................... 2,198.0 1,221.8 3,419.8
Near East regional........... 733.7 .1 733.8
Oman......................... 192.1 155.9 348.0
Saudi Arabia................. 31.8 292.3 324.1
Sinai support mission........ ........... ........... ...........
Syria........................ 352.3 .1 352.4
Tunisia...................... 1,263.6 770.4 2,034.0
West Bank/Gaza............... 106.4 ........... 106.4
Yemen Arab Republic.......... 483.4 30.3 513.7
Yemen, Peoples Democratic
Republic of................. 26.5 ........... 26.5
--------------------------------------
Regional total............. 54,565.5 62,678.3 117,243.8
======================================
Sub-Saharan Africa:
Africa regional.............. 1,445.4 52.4 1,497.8
Angola....................... 182.8 ........... 182.8
Benin........................ 147.5 1.0 148.5
Botswana..................... 357.8 35.0 392.8
Burkina Faso................. 368.0 1.2 369.2
Burundi...................... 197.2 1.9 199.1
Cameroon..................... 317.7 36.3 354.0
Cape Verde................... 118.9 1.2 120.1
Central African Republic..... 73.2 2.3 75.5
Chad......................... 271.7 37.4 309.1
Comoros...................... 16.9 .5 17.4
Congo........................ 52.8 .8 53.6
Cote d'Ivoire................ 166.2 3.4 169.6
Djibouti..................... 51.8 15.9 67.7
East Africa (Regional
Development Office)......... 33.3 ........... 33.3
Entente States............... 8.5 ........... 8.5
Equatorial Guinea............ 16.6 1.8 18.4
Eritrea...................... 40.5 .1 40.6
Ethiopia..................... 1,191.7 261.4 1,453.1
Gabon........................ 42.8 26.0 68.8
Gambia, the.................. 155.6 1.2 156.8
Ghana........................ 719.3 5.6 724.9
Guinea....................... 482.1 10.8 492.9
Guinea-Bissau (formerly
Portuguese Guinea).......... 76.6 1.0 77.6
Kenya........................ 994.2 282.9 1,277.1
Lesotho...................... 329.0 .6 329.6
Liberia...................... 989.2 95.0 1,084.2
Libya........................ 212.5 17.6 230.1
Madagascar................... 322.2 5.3 327.5
Malawi....................... 511.2 9.3 520.5
Mali......................... 576.2 5.5 581.7
Mauritania................... 191.6 .8 192.4
Mauritius.................... 82.3 .3 82.6
Mozambique................... 834.2 .5 834.7
Namibia...................... 53.9 .8 54.7
Niger........................ 531.1 33.4 564.5
Nigeria...................... 522.9 3.1 526.0
Rwanda....................... 297.4 2.5 299.9
Sahel regional............... 260.6 ........... 260.6
Sao Tome and Principe........ 15.3 .8 16.1
Senegal...................... 741.3 52.4 793.7
Seychelles................... 39.8 .6 40.4
Sierra Leone................. 235.4 2.4 237.8
Somalia...................... 880.0 240.8 1,120.8
South Africa................. 466.7 .1 466.8
Southern Africa region-Osarac 161.1 ........... 161.1
Sudan........................ 1,609.2 375.7 1,984.9
Swaziland.................... 190.3 .8 191.1
Tanzania..................... 543.5 .7 544.2
Togo......................... 186.5 .8 187.3
Uganda....................... 417.1 1.5 418.6
Zaire........................ 1,218.7 438.7 1,657.4
Zambia....................... 513.6 .6 514.2
Zimbabwe..................... 665.0 3.1 668.1
--------------------------------------
Regional total............. 21,126.6 2,073.7 23,200.3
======================================
Latin America:
Argentina.................... 195.5 269.6 465.1
Bahamas...................... 6.0 .6 6.6
Barbados..................... 4.2 .5 4.7
Belize....................... 140.2 5.0 145.2
Bolivia...................... 1,608.1 227.5 1,835.6
Brazil....................... 2,457.9 640.8 3,098.7
Caribbean regional........... 721.2 47.6 768.8
Central America regional..... ........... ........... ...........
Chile........................ 1,342.7 221.1 1,563.8
Colombia..................... 1,719.5 510.1 2,229.6
Costa Rica................... 1,730.7 40.1 1,770.8
Cuba......................... 4.0 16.1 20.1
Dominican Republic........... 1,551.0 102.7 1,653.7
Ecuador...................... 830.3 191.3 1,021.6
El Salvador.................. 4,080.4 1,174.7 5,255.1
Grenada...................... 60.1 .2 60.3
Guatemala.................... 1,615.9 75.8 1,691.7
Guyana....................... 117.0 6.0 123.0
Haiti........................ 1,107.9 15.3 1,123.2
Honduras..................... 1,607.3 553.5 2,160.8
Jamaica...................... 1,810.0 48.1 1,858.1
Latin America regional....... 1,588.1 25.4 1,613.5
Mexico....................... 670.2 18.8 689.0
Nicaragua.................... 915.7 30.5 946.2
Panama....................... 1,050.0 77.4 1,127.4
Paraguay..................... 237.3 32.1 269.4
Peru......................... 2,145.9 348.3 2,494.2
Regional Office Central
America and Panama [ROCAP].. 752.8 ........... 752.8
Suriname..................... 22.9 .3 23.2
Trinidad and Tobago.......... 43.2 2.3 45.5
Uruguay...................... 202.0 92.7 294.7
Venezuela.................... 209.4 154.7 364.1
--------------------------------------
Regional total............. 30,547.3 4,929.2 35,476.5
======================================
Asia:
Afghanistan.................. 729.2 5.6 734.8
Asia regional................ 1,140.7 ........... 1,140.7
Associated Southeastern Asian
Nations [ASEAN]............. 10.2 ........... 10.2
Bangladesh................... 2,905.7 4.7 2,910.4
Bhutan....................... 8.0 ........... 8.0
China, Peoples Republic of... 3.2 ........... 3.2
Hong Kong.................... 43.8 ........... 43.8
India........................ 12,061.8 149.5 12,211.3
Indochina Associated States.. 825.6 731.5 1,557.1
Indonesia.................... 3,809.3 692.7 4,502.0
Japan........................ 2,685.9 1,239.6 3,925.5
Kampuchea.................... 1,006.6 1,280.4 2,287.0
Korea........................ 6,086.9 8,796.3 14,883.2
Laos......................... 917.3 1,606.7 2,524.0
Malaysia..................... 92.0 196.9 288.9
Maldives..................... 2.7 .4 3.1
Mongolia..................... 74.1 .2 74.3
Myanmar...................... 231.3 90.5 321.8
Nepal........................ 537.2 4.3 541.5
Pakistan..................... 7,939.9 2,951.5 10,891.4
Philippines.................. 4,963.7 2,345.6 7,309.3
Ryukyu Islands (U.S.)........ 413.8 ........... 413.8
Singapore.................... 2.8 19.6 22.4
Sri Lanka.................... 1,438.5 8.1 1,446.6
Taiwan....................... 2,218.7 4,360.4 6,579.1
Thailand..................... 1,086.1 2,318.6 3,404.7
Viet Nam (South), Republic of 6,952.5 16,416.1 23,368.6
Western Samoa................ 23.2 .1 23.3
--------------------------------------
Regional total............. 58,210.9 43,219.3 101,430.2
Europe:
Albania...................... 99.6 .5 100.1
Austria...................... 1,136.1 122.1 1,258.2
Belgium...................... 589.1 1,275.3 1,864.4
Berlin, West................. 131.9 ........... 131.9
Bosnia Hercegovina........... 86.7 ........... 86.7
Bulgaria..................... 24.4 .9 25.3
Croatia...................... 18.9 ........... 18.9
Cyprus....................... 266.4 ........... 266.4
Czech Republic............... 3.9 1.0 4.9
Czechoslovakia............... 195.6 1.0 196.6
Denmark...................... 276.5 640.1 916.6
East European regional....... 1,132.3 ........... 1,132.3
Estonia...................... 10.0 .2 10.2
European regional............ 1,082.4 .2 1,082.6
Finland...................... 51.2 .8 52.0
France....................... 3,917.0 4,548.6 8,465.6
Germany, Democratic Republic
of.......................... .8 ........... .8
Germany, Federal Republic of. 3,844.0 939.4 4,783.4
Greece....................... 1,901.6 8,495.4 10,397.0
Hungary...................... 42.2 2.6 44.8
Iceland...................... 76.9 .3 77.2
Italy........................ 3,420.8 2,545.3 5,966.1
Latvia....................... 10.0 .3 10.3
Lithuania.................... 52.7 .3 53.0
Macedonia.................... 15.5 ........... 15.5
Malta........................ 84.1 .7 84.8
Netherlands.................. 1,027.6 1,284.7 2,312.3
Norway....................... 299.9 943.8 1,243.7
Poland....................... 955.9 2.6 958.5
Portugal..................... 1,367.5 1,797.7 3,165.2
Republic of Ireland (formerly
Ireland).................... 326.8 .1 326.9
Romania...................... 151.8 .6 152.4
Slovak Republic.............. 1.0 .4 1.4
Slovenia..................... 1.0 .2 1.2
Spain........................ 1,084.5 3,446.5 4,531.0
Sweden....................... 109.0 ........... 109.0
Switzerland.................. ........... ........... ...........
Turkey....................... 4,851.8 12,925.6 17,777.4
United Kingdom............... 7,672.1 1,107.4 8,779.5
U.S.S.R...................... 186.4 ........... 186.4
Yugoslavia................... 1,836.4 723.7 2,560.1
--------------------------------------
Regional total............. 38,342.2 40,808.2 79,150.4
======================================
New Independent States:
Armenia...................... 183.3 ........... 183.3
Azerbaijan................... 21.3 ........... 21.3
Belarus...................... 103.9 .2 104.1
Georgia...................... 137.1 .1 137.2
Kazakhstan................... 109.6 .3 109.9
Kyrgyz Republic.............. 114.4 ........... 114.4
Moldova...................... 105.4 .1 105.5
New Independent States....... 743.8 .3 744.1
Russia....................... 1,593.6 .9 1,594.5
Tajikistan................... 72.4 ........... 72.4
Turkmenitan.................. 60.5 .1 60.6
Ukraine...................... 194.0 1.0 195.0
Uzbekistan................... 26.1 ........... 26.1
--------------------------------------
Regional total............. 3,465.6 2.9 3,468.5
======================================
Oceania and others:
Australia.................... 8.0 115.6 123.6
Fiji......................... ........... ........... ...........
New Zealand.................. 4.3 4.3 8.6
Oceania regional............. 289.5 1.9 291.4
Pacific Islands, Trust
Territory of the............ 824.2 ........... 824.2
Papua New Guinea............. 17.6 .8 18.4
Solomon Islands.............. ........... ........... ...........
Tonga........................ ........... ........... ...........
--------------------------------------
Regional total............. 1,143.5 122.7 1,266.2
======================================
Canada........................... 17.5 13.0 30.5
======================================
Interregional activities......... 86,446.8 4,782.3 91,229.1
--------------------------------------
Grand total................ 293,865.9 158,629.3 452,495.2
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 3.--Appropriations for Bilateral Foreign Assistance
The following table shows the amounts appropriated for
bilateral economic and military assistance for 1985-96 in
constant and current dollars:
APPROPRIATIONS FOR FOREIGN ASSISTANCE--FISCAL YEARS 1985-96
[In billions of dollars]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Current dollars Constant 1996 dollars
---------------------------------------------------
Development Security Development Security
assistance assistance assistance assistance
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1985........................................................ 4.957 13.726 6.904 19.116
1986........................................................ 3.954 9.515 5.348 12.870
1987........................................................ 4.189 8.952 5.503 11.759
1988........................................................ 4.361 8.559 5.528 10.849
1989........................................................ 4.644 8.560 5.633 10.383
1990........................................................ 5.158 8.818 5.999 10.255
1991........................................................ 6.265 8.788 6.995 9.813
1992........................................................ 6.131 7.315 6.649 7.933
1993........................................................ 7.520 6.223 7.967 6.593
1994........................................................ 6.629 5.337 6.886 5.544
1995........................................................ 7.378 5.648 7.526 5.761
1996........................................................ 6.505 5.902 6.505 5.902
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 4.--Appropriations for International Financial Institutions
The following table shows the amounts appropriated for
multilateral assistance for 1985-96 in constant and current
dollars:
APPROPRIATIONS FOR MULTILATERAL LENDING--FISCAL YEARS 1985-96
[In billions of dollars]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Constant
Current 1996
dollars dollars
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1985.......................................... 1,548.178 2,156.148
1986.......................................... 1,142.512 1,545.362
1987.......................................... 1,207.142 1,585.702
1988.......................................... 1,205.570 1,528.181
1989.......................................... 1,314.630 1,594.515
1990.......................................... 1,469.191 1,708.669
1991.......................................... 1,618.835 1,807.591
1992.......................................... 1,516.415 1,644.552
1993.......................................... 1,493.419 1,582.128
1994.......................................... 1,404.861 1,459.510
1995.......................................... 1,730.881 1,765.499
1996.......................................... 1,153.264 1,153.264
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 5.--AID Assistance Per Country
The following table lists the total dollar AID assistance
per country by ascending per capita gross national product:
AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, TOTAL DOLLAR ASSISTANCE PER COUNTRY LISTED BY PER CAPITA GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT
[Dollars in thousands]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fiscal year 1994 \1\ Fiscal year 1995 \1\ Fiscal year 1996
GNP per ------------------------------------------------------------------------
Country capita Dollar Cumulative Dollar Cumulative Dollar Cumulative
(1994) level percent level percent level percent
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bosnia-Hercegovina................................................ ( \2\ ) .......... .......... 12,640 .......... 257,047 ..........
Afghanistan....................................................... ( \2\ ) .......... 1,995 ........... .......... .......... ..........
Cambodia.......................................................... ( \2\ ) 29,475 .......... 35,493 .......... 25,000 ..........
Djibouti.......................................................... ( \2\ ) 1,000 .......... ........... .......... 50 ..........
Eritrea........................................................... ( \2\ ) 9,999 .......... 3,820 .......... 8,973 ..........
Liberia........................................................... ( \2\ ) 3,696 .......... ........... .......... 7,500 ..........
Somalia........................................................... ( \2\ ) 15,941 .......... 5,018 .......... 4,000 ..........
West Bank/Gaza.................................................... ( \2\ ) 56,769 .......... 80,263 .......... 76,012 ..........
Burma............................................................. ( \3\ ) .......... .......... 100 .......... .......... ..........
Rwanda............................................................ 80 .......... .......... 9,648 .......... 6,306 ..........
Mozambique........................................................ 90 36,400 .......... 26,768 .......... 51,305 ..........
Ethiopia.......................................................... 100 32,416 .......... 24,264 .......... 39,766 ..........
Tanzania.......................................................... 140 19,685 .......... 27,662 .......... 23,343 ..........
Burundi........................................................... 160 4,497 .......... 4,996 .......... 3,169 ..........
Sierra Leone...................................................... 160 468 .......... 450 .......... 73 ..........
Malawi............................................................ 170 28,190 .......... 33,338 .......... 33,831 ..........
Chad.............................................................. 180 5,150 .......... 1,970 .......... 455 ..........
Uganda............................................................ 190 33,862 .......... 44,250 .......... 30,622 ..........
Madagascar........................................................ 200 27,590 .......... 25,250 .......... 20,149 ..........
Nepal............................................................. 200 16,799 .......... 14,280 .......... 23,184 ..........
Vietnam (South)................................................... 200 688 .......... ........... .......... .......... ..........
Bangladesh........................................................ 230 43,200 .......... 21,099 .......... 42,731 ..........
Haiti............................................................. 230 62,857 .......... 139,593 .......... 86,009 ..........
Niger............................................................. 230 16,115 .......... 11,950 .......... 10,344 ..........
Guinea-Bissau..................................................... 240 4,100 .......... 4,150 .......... 5,331 ..........
Kenya............................................................. 250 17,183 .......... 14,650 .......... 24,351 ..........
Mali.............................................................. 250 34,204 .......... 27,779 .......... 30,334 ..........
Sao Tome.......................................................... 250 800 .......... 300 .......... 25 ..........
Nigeria........................................................... 270 5,893 .......... 2,377 .......... 7,610 ..........
Yemen............................................................. 280 2,999 .......... 6,994 .......... .......... ..........
Burkina........................................................... 300 2,627 .......... 16 .......... 994 ..........
Mongolia.......................................................... 310 7,000 .......... 11,319 .......... 4,000 ..........
India............................................................. 320 35,684 .......... 56,861 .......... 49,495 ..........
Togo.............................................................. 320 4 .......... ........... .......... 100 ..........
Gambia............................................................ 330 6,750 .......... 1,556 .......... 853 ..........
Georgia........................................................... 340 .......... .......... 39,273 .......... 25,080 ..........
Nicaragua......................................................... 340 77,730 .......... 22,691 .......... 21,435 ..........
Zambia............................................................ 350 18,850 .......... 19,789 .......... 20,816 ..........
Tajikistan........................................................ 360 .......... .......... 8,401 .......... 4,060 ..........
Benin............................................................. 370 20,061 .......... 14,821 .......... 16,545 ..........
Central African Republic.......................................... 370 2,316 .......... 2,267 .......... 987 ..........
Albania........................................................... 380 .......... .......... 29,956 .......... 22,351 ..........
Ghana............................................................. 410 33,135 .......... 28,680 .......... 39,283 ..........
Pakistan.......................................................... 430 .......... .......... 7,480 .......... .......... ..........
Mauritania........................................................ 480 .......... .......... ........... .......... 342 ..........
Azerbaijan........................................................ 500 .......... .......... 9,848 .......... 8,050 ..........
Zimbabwe.......................................................... 500 15,747 .......... 17,650 .......... 23,272 ..........
Comoros........................................................... 510 .......... .......... 300 .......... 25 ..........
Cote d'Ivoire..................................................... 510 .......... .......... ........... .......... 190 ..........
Guinea............................................................ 520 18,437 .......... 16,423 .......... 15,252 ..........
Guyana............................................................ 530 2,559 .......... 1,651 .......... 2,200 ..........
Honduras.......................................................... 600 19,060 .......... 14,265 .......... 16,615 ..........
Senegal........................................................... 600 30,925 .......... 17,540 .......... 25,037 ..........
Congo............................................................. 620 700 .......... 700 .......... 865 ..........
Sri Lanka......................................................... 640 12,200 .......... 11,366 .......... 11,605 ..........
Armenia........................................................... 680 .......... .......... 51,523 .......... 92,163 ..........
Cameroon.......................................................... 680 49 .......... ........... .......... 92 ..........
Egypt............................................................. 720 591,642 .......... 974,077 .......... 969,142 ..........
Lesotho........................................................... 720 2,072 .......... 3,948 .......... 131 ..........
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subtotal.................................................... ........... 1,409,519 43.32 1,928,863 42.13 1,940,453 42.28
=====================================================================================
Angola............................................................ ( \4\ ) .......... .......... ........... .......... 20,913 ..........
Lebanon........................................................... ( \4\ ) 1,661 .......... 13,308 .......... 2,819 ..........
Turkmenistan...................................................... ( \4\ ) .......... .......... 4,382 .......... 6,118 ..........
Bolivia........................................................... 770 50,781 .......... 33,224 .......... 43,002 ..........
Macedonia......................................................... 820 5,000 .......... 13,512 .......... 12,570 ..........
Kirghizstan....................................................... 850 .......... .......... 23,297 .......... 23,154 ..........
Moldova........................................................... 870 .......... .......... 10,518 .......... 29,963 ..........
Indonesia......................................................... 880 13,405 .......... 55,040 .......... 54,600 ..........
Cape Verde........................................................ 920 800 .......... 800 .......... 48 ..........
Philippines....................................................... 950 45,214 .......... 35,941 .......... 53,136 ..........
Uzbekistan........................................................ 960 .......... .......... 10,561 .......... 21,548 ..........
Lithuania......................................................... 1,090 .......... .......... 12,737 .......... 9,456 ..........
Swaziland......................................................... 1,100 6,255 .......... 10,464 .......... 204 ..........
Morocco........................................................... 1,140 17,571 .......... 12,862 .......... 17,073 ..........
Kazakhstan........................................................ 1,160 .......... .......... 38,443 .......... 44,076 ..........
Guatemala......................................................... 1,200 26,777 .......... 19,562 .......... 21,258 ..........
Bulgaria.......................................................... 1,250 .......... .......... 37,388 .......... 33,077 ..........
Romania........................................................... 1,270 .......... .......... 39,599 .......... 26,253 ..........
Ecuador........................................................... 1,280 9,625 .......... 8,062 .......... 11,328 ..........
Dominican Republic................................................ 1,330 10,719 .......... 9,230 .......... 8,963 ..........
El Salvador....................................................... 1,360 56,425 .......... 62,672 .......... 40,874 ..........
Jordan............................................................ 1,440 28,000 .......... 12,200 .......... 11,484 ..........
Jamaica........................................................... 1,540 8,929 .......... 9,814 .......... 10,979 ..........
Paraguay.......................................................... 1,580 .......... .......... ........... .......... 3,200 ..........
Togo.............................................................. 1,590 4 .......... ........... .......... 100 ..........
Colombia.......................................................... 1,670 172 .......... 850 .......... 120 ..........
Tunisia........................................................... 1,790 985 .......... ........... .......... .......... ..........
Ukraine........................................................... 1,930 .......... .......... 151,499 .......... 243,219 ..........
Namibia........................................................... 1,970 12,799 .......... 6,800 .......... 9,559 ..........
Peru.............................................................. 2,110 37,612 .......... 55,080 .......... 27,705 ..........
Slovakia.......................................................... 2,250 .......... .......... 27,597 .......... 17,866 ..........
Russia............................................................ 2,290 90,000 .......... 282,307 .......... 316,112 ..........
Belarus........................................................... 2,320 .......... .......... 2,263 .......... 7,200 ..........
Latvia............................................................ 2,320 .......... .......... 6,326 .......... 4,493 ..........
Costa Rica........................................................ 2,400 3,257 .......... 2,585 .......... .......... ..........
Poland............................................................ 2,410 .......... .......... 81,576 .......... 51,969 ..........
Thailand.......................................................... 2,410 5,082 .......... ........... .......... .......... ..........
Estonia........................................................... 2,430 .......... .......... 2,368 .......... 50 ..........
Turkey............................................................ 2,500 .......... .......... 165,709 .......... 37,500 ..........
Belize............................................................ 2,530 2,196 .......... 2,599 .......... .......... ..........
Croatia........................................................... 2,560 .......... .......... 12,345 .......... 13,241 ..........
Panama............................................................ 2,580 4,346 .......... 7,857 .......... 5,221 ..........
Botswana.......................................................... 2,800 4,775 .......... 2,648 .......... 392 ..........
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subtotal.................................................... ........... 440,729 13.54 1,266,335 27.66 1,210,993 26.39
=====================================================================================
Brazil............................................................ 2,970 .......... .......... ........... .......... 13,238 ..........
South Africa...................................................... 3,040 133,674 .......... 99,979 .......... 122,442 ..........
Mauritius......................................................... 3,150 .......... .......... ........... .......... 25 ..........
Czech Republic.................................................... 3,200 .......... .......... 18,037 .......... 5,655 ..........
Hungary........................................................... 3,840 .......... .......... 22,111 .......... 20,365 ..........
Gabon............................................................. 3,880 .......... .......... ........... .......... 508 ..........
Mexico............................................................ 4,180 500 .......... ........... .......... 35,774 ..........
Slovenia.......................................................... 7,040 .......... .......... 3,417 .......... 5,479 ..........
Cyprus............................................................ 10,260 29,999 .......... ........... .......... 15,000 ..........
Ireland........................................................... 13,530 39,408 .......... 39,200 .......... 19,600 ..........
Israel............................................................ 14,530 1,200,000 .......... 1,200,000 .......... 1,200,000 ..........
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subtotal.................................................... ........... 1,403,581 43.14 1,382,744 30.20 1,438,086 31.33
=====================================================================================
Total country programs...................................... ........... 3,253,829 100.00 4,577,942 100.00 4,589,532 100.00
=====================================================================================
Non-country programs:
Caribbean regional............................................ ........... 3,735 .......... 3,199 .......... .......... ..........
N.I.S. regional............................................... ........... 1,387,620 .......... 83,138 .......... 120,115 ..........
Eastern Europe regional....................................... ........... 476,643 .......... 80,239 .......... 110,389 ..........
ASEAN......................................................... ........... 2,678 .......... 1,955 .......... ..........
Africa regional............................................... ........... 101,413 .......... 79,692 .......... 85,866 ..........
Asia Near East regional....................................... ........... 33,817 .......... 36,426 .......... 22,634 ..........
LAC regional.................................................. ........... 56,502 .......... 52,010 .......... 43,321 ..........
Near East regional............................................ ........... 1,000 .......... ........... .......... .......... ..........
REDSO/E....................................................... ........... 2,000 .......... 4,500 .......... 3,080 ..........
REDSO/W....................................................... ........... 2,500 .......... 13,525 .......... 7,590 ..........
ROCAP......................................................... ........... 6,903 .......... 13,210 .......... 11,244 ..........
Sahel regional................................................ ........... .......... .......... ........... .......... 6,637 ..........
South Africa regional/SADCC................................... ........... 46,491 .......... 85,309 .......... 38,000 ..........
Southeast Asia contingency.................................... ........... 7,040 .......... ........... .......... 1,000 ..........
South Pacific................................................. ........... 14,000 .......... 14,000 .......... 14,000 ..........
Global programs, field support and research................... ........... 604,564 .......... 791,287 .......... 461,681 ..........
BHR........................................................... ........... 57,045 .......... 100,812 .......... 72,913 ..........
PPC........................................................... ........... 7,485 .......... 8,681 .......... 9,865 ..........
Housing subsidy............................................... ........... 15,179 .......... 19,023 .......... 4,000 ..........
Housing administration........................................ ........... 7,845 .......... 7,898 .......... 7,000 ..........
Housing subsidy reestimate.................................... ........... .......... .......... (2,443) .......... .......... ..........
MSED (PSIP) subsidy........................................... ........... 992 .......... 1,416 .......... 1,500 ..........
MSED (PSIP) administration.................................... ........... 194 .......... 494 .......... 500 ..........
MSED subsidy reestimate....................................... ........... .......... .......... (98) .......... .......... ..........
OFDA.......................................................... ........... 51,427 .......... ........... .......... .......... ..........
Other......................................................... ........... 793 .......... 27,641 .......... 193,947 ..........
International disaster assistance............................. ........... 151,786 .......... 205,105 .......... 204,369 ..........
African disaster.............................................. ........... 952 .......... 163 .......... 456 ..........
Housing guaranty liquidating account.......................... ........... 67,007 .......... 67,785 .......... 64,000 ..........
Operating expenses............................................ ........... 516,604 .......... 530,982 .......... 492,754 ..........
Operating expenses--Inspector General......................... ........... 38,773 .......... 36,064 .......... 37,962 ..........
Foreign service retirement and disability..................... ........... 44,151 .......... 45,118 .......... 43,914 ..........
Miscellaneous trust funds..................................... ........... 4,768 .......... ........... .......... .......... ..........
AID loan repayments........................................... ........... (539,838) .......... (539,000) .......... .......... ..........
Miscellaneous trust funds receipts............................ ........... (1,183) .......... (5,495) .......... .......... ..........
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total noncountry programs................................... ........... 3,170,886 .......... 1,762,636 .......... 2,058,737 ..........
=====================================================================================
Grand total................................................. ........... 6,424,715 .......... 6,340,578 .......... 6,648,269 ..........
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Country levels for fiscal years 1994 and 1995 do not include attributions of regional and central funds as in the fiscal year 1997 congressional
presentation.
\2\ Estimated to be low income ($725 or less).
\3\ Estimated to be lower middle income ($726 to $2,895).
\4\ Data not available.
Table 6.--Unliquidated Balances of the Agency for International
Development
Below is a table showing the unliquidated balances of the
Agency for International Development:
UNLIQUIDATED BALANCES OF THE AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
(As of December 31, 1995)
[In thousands of dollars]
Development assistance: Amount
Development Assistance Program...................... 1,355,910
Agriculture, rural development, and nutrition....... 101,104
Population planning................................. 690,969
Health.............................................. 37,682
AIDS prevention..................................... 4,835
Child survival...................................... 25,529
Education and human resources development........... 13,102
Private sector, environment and energy.............. 40,845
In-transit/reconciling items........................ (1,179,218)
--------------------------------------------------------
____________________________________________________
Subtotal, functional development assistance....... 1,090,668
========================================================
____________________________________________________
American schools and hospitals abroad............... 17,795
Operating expenses.................................. 146,581
Operating expenses, inspector general............... 10,511
International disaster assistance................... 204,761
Sub-Saharan and South Africa development............ 1,755,530
Central America reconciliation assistance........... 469
Special assistance initiatives...................... 815,218
Foreign Service retirement fund..................... 8,958
New Independent States.............................. 1,232,273
African disaster assistance......................... 12,149
--------------------------------------------------------
____________________________________________________
Total, development assistance..................... 5,294,913
========================================================
____________________________________________________
Economic support fund................................... 2,538,643
Demobilization and transition fund...................... 882
--------------------------------------------------------
____________________________________________________
Total, unliquidated balances...................... 7,834,438
ITEMS OF SPECIAL INTEREST
The Committee believes the careful and effective
administration of foreign assistance is a key tool essential to
advancing U.S. economic and security interests around the
world. In a newspaper editorial, Secretary of Defense Perry and
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Gen. John Shalikashvili
made the important point that foreign aid ``finances our
diplomacy, and when diplomacy fails, conflict often results.
Whatever the cost of foreign aid, it's cheaper than military
combat.''
As surveys continue to indicate the public perceptions
regarding foreign assistance reflect a disconnection between
resources and relevance to U.S. interests. The Committee has
tried to respond to this gap by funding programs which address
priorities of direct concern to American interests including
the threats posed by international narcotics trafficking,
nuclear smuggling, and the surge in activities of global
criminal organizations.
The funding levels appropriated for U.S. foreign assistance
programs continue to decline. The reductions are, in part, a
response to the Committee's judgment that all programs must
contribute to the broad goal of balancing the Federal budget
and, in part, to streamlining and more effectively matching
resources and requirements.
The Committee takes note of the fact that the
administration's request was more realistic in the context of
budget pressures. Nonetheless, the Committee urges the
administration to undertake a serious review of our national
priorities. To date, requests appear to reflect modest
reductions of all programs across the board rather than a
meaningful effort to establish and fund new and specific
priorities.
foreign aid and economic growth
A recent World Bank study entitled, ``Global Economic
Prospects and Developing Countries'' concluded, ``the ratio of
trade to GDP fell in some 44 out of 93 developing countries
observed over the past 10 years. Although the developing
countries share of foreign direct investment increased to 38
percent of the world's total, two-thirds of these flows went to
just eight countries.''
These results track a recent Heritage Foundation report
noting that of 67 less developed nations receiving aid from the
World Bank for the past 25 years, 37 had not experienced any
improvement and 20 were in worse condition. The report argued
that slow economic growth stemmed from counterproductive
government policies including high taxes, barriers to trade,
restrictions on foreign investment, weak banking and monetary
systems, and excessive wage and price controls.
The Committee reiterates its strong commitment to
contribute to policies and practices which strengthen both the
opportunity and growth of the private sector. U.S. assistance
cannot nor should it substitute for private investment and
initiative.
The Committee shares the House view that major
infrastructure projects are both the fastest growing sector of
American business overseas and key to long-term development. In
simple terms, major infrastructure projects such as
establishing a nation's telecommunications grid, provide the
necessary tools for the commercial sector to function. In turn,
to attract and sustain private investment governments, of
necessity, carry out essential economic reforms.
To support this dynamic of economic reforms and
opportunities, the Committee has strongly supported projects
and activities which promote public-private sector
collaboration and partnerships. The Committee has emphasized
this approach through its strong funding of the activities of
organizations such as the Overseas Private Investment
Corporation, the Trade and Development Agency, and the Export-
Import Bank as well as establishing guidelines within program
and country accounts which leverage private and public
resources.
TITLE I
EXPORT ASSISTANCE
Export-Import Bank of the United States
subsidy appropriation
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $744,551,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 736,551,000
House allowance......................................... 726,000,000
Committee recommendation
730,000,000
administrative expenses
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $45,614,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 47,614,000
House allowance......................................... 47,614,000
Committee recommendation
40,000,000
The Committee recommends a subsidy appropriation of
$730,000,000 to support direct loans, tied-aid grants, and
interest subsidies at the Export-Import Bank of the United
States. The Committee recommends $40,000,000 for administrative
expenses.
The Committee has provided resources at the request level
for the so-called tied-aid war chest. The Committee opposes the
trade distorting effects of tied aid, but recognizes the
resources made available are essential to countering
concessionary financing by competitors' governments.
The Committee has renewed the Bank's authority to transfer
surplus resources to other trade agencies to assure the best
use of export and investment resources.
Due to serious concerns about the illegal use of retention
allowances in more than 200 cases, the Committee has taken the
unprecedented step of restricting funding for the salary and
expenses of the incumbent Chairman and President, who serves in
that position as a result of a recess appointment, until and
unless the incumbent is confirmed for that office in the
regular process by the U.S. Senate. The Committee is concerned
that the recess appointment was made in order to avoid
examination of the illegal use of retention allowances which
allegedly were provided pursuant to the incumbent Chairman's
direction. A proper nomination hearing should help clarify this
matter.
Overseas Private Investment Corporation
subsidy appropriation
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $72,000,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 72,000,000
House allowance......................................... 72,000,000
Committee recommendation
72,000,000
administrative expenses
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $26,000,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 32,000,000
House allowance......................................... 30,000,000
Committee recommendation
32,000,000
The Committee recommends $72,000,000 for the subsidy cost
of OPIC's direct and guaranteed loans. In addition, the
Committee recommends $32,000,000 for administrative expenses.
The Committee continues to support OPIC's self-sustaining
capability. The Committee has included language requested by
the administration allowing the Corporation to derive the costs
of loans and guarantees from its noncredit account.
Trade and Development Agency
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $40,000,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 40,000,000
House allowance......................................... 38,000,000
Committee recommendation
40,000,000
The Committee recommends the appropriation of $40,000,000
for the Trade and Development Agency [TDA] for fiscal year
1997.
In last year's report, the Committee recommended that TDA
increase its emphasis on private investor projects such as
those carried out in the NIS which offer the opportunity to
share and recoup costs. The Committee requests a report on
TDA's efforts to respond to this recommendation.
The Committee also supports making additional resources
from the NIS account available for activities carried out by
TDA.
TITLE II
BILATERAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE
Funds Appropriated to the President
AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Development Assistance
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $1,879,000,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 1,960,000,000
House allowance......................................... 1,958,500,000
Committee recommendation
1,929,000,000
The amounts listed in the above table for fiscal year 1996
appropriations and fiscal year 1997 administration requests
include funding appropriated or requested under sustainable
development assistance, child survival and disease programs,
development assistance, the Development Fund for Africa,
international disaster assistance, debt restructuring, micro
and small enterprise development, and housing and other credit
guarantee programs. The House level also includes funding for
UNICEF, which the Committee has chosen to include in the
``International organization and programs'' account. Additional
account details are contained in the table at the end of this
report (comparative statement of new budget (obligational)
authority for fiscal year 1996 and budget estimates and amounts
recommended in the bill for fiscal year 1997).
The Committee recommends consolidation of a number of
accounts including the ``Development assistance'' account, the
Development Fund for Africa, and funds requested for the Africa
Development Foundation and the Inter-American Foundation. The
appropriation for family planning is contained in a separate
account. The appropriate statutory authorities for activities
and programs are included in the recommendation with a minimum
of earmarking or designation of levels of assistance for the
consolidated accounts. While the Committee has minimized
earmarks, it does provide for specific levels of funding for
Cyprus, Burma, debt restructuring, micro and small enterprise
development programs, and the Housing Guaranty Program.
It is the Committee's intention, through consolidation of
these accounts, to provide the President flexibility in order
to respond to development, economic, and humanitarian
requirements.
CHILD SURVIVAL, BASIC EDUCATION, and RELATED PROGRAMS
The Committee believes that protecting the health and well-
being of children around world must be a high priority goal of
U.S. foreign assistance. The Committee, therefore, encourages
USAID to emphasize programs that promote the improved survival,
health, and education of the world's children: child survival,
vitamin A programs, UNICEF, AIDS prevention and other disease
programs, and basic education
Although the Committee has not designated a specific level
of resources for child survival and related programs, there is
strong bipartisan support for activities protecting the most
vulnerable sector of all societies. However, the Committee
notes a lack of clear consensus within the development
community as to the definition, scope, and success of these
activities. Therefore, in order to support the most cost
effective, high impact, successful programs, the Committee
directs USAID to provide, in summary form, a report estimating
the costs and anticipated quantitative impact on child
morbidity and mortality of each of the activities funded by
child survival programs. In addition, the Committee requests a
similar report in summary form of the estimate of costs and
quantitative impact on enrollment and level of education
attained of activities funded under basic education programs.
The Committee intends that funds for basic education will also
be available for childhood education teacher training programs.
These reports are to be submitted to the Committees on
Appropriations by May 1, 1997.
Adult Vaccines
The Committee recognizes the need for strengthening the
immunology and aging-research infrastructure in the newly
independent Eastern European and Baltic States. Particular
attention should be paid to basic, clinical, and public health
research in adult vaccines, particularly influenza, pneumonia,
hepatitis A and B, and other respiratory disease-related
vaccines. The Committee urges the Agency for International
Development to work with the Institute for Advanced Studies in
Immunology and Aging to develop a proposal which helps
facilitate the exchange of information between scientists in
the United States and Eastern Europe. This should include the
promotion of collaborative research and the exchange of
academic faculty to improve research training in the Eastern
European states.
VOLUNTARY FAMILY PLANNING/CENTRAL OFFICE OF POPULATION
The Committee again recommends an earmark under the
``Development assistance'' account relating to voluntary family
planning assistance which sets aside 65 percent of the funding
for these programs for AID's central Office of Population.
africa
The Committee supports continued development assistance to
Africa, the poorest continent. Although the Committee has not
designated a separate ``Development Fund for Africa'' [DFA]
account in this bill, it has included language in the bill to
ensure that assistance to sub-Saharan Africa not be reduced
beyond the proportional share of assistance the President
requested for sub-Saharan Africa for fiscal year 1997.
The Committee is concerned by the slow rate of economic
growth continentwide. After years of substantial U.S. bilateral
and multilateral aid and investment, economic and trade trends
show little sign of improvement. It is clear that the
administration has not yet developed a coherent strategy to
match long-term, declining resource trends with ever expanding
requirements. No new targets of development opportunity have
been defined nor have innovative approaches been tested. AID
has repackaged objectives while sustaining the same approaches
it has carried out for four decades.
While the administration continues to emphasize the
inadequacy of appropriations, this is a problem which is
unlikely to change prior to balancing the Federal budget. To
assure that recipient nations, expectations about U.S. levels
and types of resources are realistic, the Committee urges the
Agency for International Development to carry out a
comprehensive, long-range assessment of anticipated needs and
the appropriate role U.S. aid might play in addressing those
requirements. The Committee requests that the assessment
evaluate these issues over a 10-year timespan.
RWANDA
The Rwandan justice system is overwhelmed with some 70,000
individuals in custody waiting trial for genocide and other
violations of international law. The Committee puts the highest
priority on these cases being expeditiously and fairly
adjudicated, and is concerned by reports of attacks and
intimidation by Rwanadan soldiers against Rwandan prosecutors
and judges. The Committee will follow this matter closely and
expects the administration to give weight to the Rwandan
Government's cooperation with and support for judicial
personnel in connection with any disbursement of assistance.
CYPRUS
Consistent with the President's request and the House
recommendation, the Committee has earmarked $15,000,000 for
bicommunal confidence building initiatives in Cyprus. The
Committee believes these efforts are crucial to securing
cooperation in the withdrawal of troops and demilitarization of
the island.
BURMA
The Committee has earmarked $2,500,000 to support the
restoration of democracy in Burma. Funds may support Burmese
students, individuals, and groups both inside and outside
Burma. In fiscal year 1996 the Committee requested a report on
a plan for the expenditure of funds to support free markets,
democracy, and humanitarian programs. The results of the report
were disappointing. Rather than structure activities uniquely
responsive to the rapidly changing developments in and around
Burma, the State Department recommended including Burmese
students in ongoing USIA and AID programs and exchanges. No
effort was made to coordinate with the exiled representatives
of Aung San Suu Kyi. Contrary to Committee instruction, no
effort was made to consult with Congress either in advance of
or during the preparation of the report. As a result, a
substantial amount of time was wasted during a key stage of
Burma's political history.
Once again, the Committee is earmarking resources to
advance democracy in Burma. Assistance should be targeted to
support organizations, individuals, or activities promoting
implementation of the results of the 1990 elections.
guatemala
The Committee welcomes the State Department's efforts to
declassify documents related to United States citizens' human
rights cases in Guatemala and urges the administration to
expedite declassification of documents by other concerned
agencies, including the Department of Defense and the Central
Intelligence Agency. Declassification should deal with all
documents relating to the case of Sister Dianna Ortiz.
Jamaica
The Committee believes that continued assistance to Jamaica
through bilateral development aid and counternarcotics
programs, multilateral support, and debt reduction programs is
vital to help Jamaica sustain a meaningful economic development
agenda and to demonstrate the importance of the United States/
Jamaican relationship in the Caribbean. The Committee is
particularly pleased to note Jamaica's strong commitment to
halt the production and trafficking of illicit narcotics in the
Caribbean basin, and urges the administration to support
Jamaica's efforts to modernize air and sea assets to ensure
that Jamaica remains an effective partner in interdiction and
eradication efforts.
For the longer term, the Committee notes Jamaica's
continuing trade liberalization efforts to bring about closer
United States/Jamaican trade and investment relations. In 1994,
Jamaica became one of the first countries in the hemisphere to
sign a bilateral investment treaty [BIT] and an intellectual
property rights [IPR] agreement with the United States. In
taking such measures, Jamaica is establishing a basis for
sustainable, trade-based economic development while creating an
important model for other Caribbean countries. The Committee
welcomes such moves and encourages the administration to
develop additional measures to strengthen this bilateral
commercial partnership.
COOPERATIVE PROJECTS AMONG UNITED STATES, ISRAEL, AND DEVELOPING
COUNTRIES
The Committee strongly urges funding for the cooperative
development research [CDR] and cooperative development projects
[CDP] programs among the United States, Israel, and developing
and newly democratic countries at last year's level. Israel has
the unique advantage of having highly technical expertise,
critical language skills, and recent experiences in development
that are relevant to both developing countries and the emerging
democracies of Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union.
International Fertilizer Development Center
The Committee strongly supports the fertilizer-related
research and development being conducted by the International
Fertilizer Development Center [IFDC] and further directs the
Administrator [AID] to make at least $2,000,000 available for
the core grant to the IFDC.
DEBT RESTRUCTURING
The Committee has provided $27,000,000 to meet the
administration's debt restructuring requirements as a component
of economic assistance. The Committee joins the House in
reiterating the requirement that the administration submit a
report which addresses the concern that nations provided the
opportunity to engage in debt restructuring not be burdened
with new or excessive debt.
The Committee has provided authority to complete the debt
relief initiative for Jordan. However, given the limited
availability of resources and the acute needs of other
countries for debt restructuring, the Committee expects the
relief to be stretched out over 2 years.
MICRO and SMALL ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT [MSED]
The Committee has provided $1,500,000 for micro and small
enterprise development programs. MSED has effectively mobilized
credit to strengthen the private sector. The Committee has not
funded the administration's request for a new Enhanced Credit
Program due to budgetary constraints.
HOUSING GUARANTEE [HG] PROGRAM ACCOUNT
The Committee has provided resources to sustain the housing
guarantee [HG] program. The program supports U.S. private
sector initiatives which provide long-term financing for
housing and urban infrastructure requirements such as sewage
and water facilities. The Committee places a special emphasis
on carrying out initiatives in Eastern Europe and South Africa,
consistent with the President's commitment.
Vietnam Legal Reform
The Committee has included language which authorizes the
use of development assistance funds to assist Vietnam in the
reform of its trade regime. The Committee urges AID to provide
up to $1,500,000 for a Vietnam legal reform initiative. The
Committee is aware of the particular expertise of the American
Bar Association, the International Law Institute, and the
United States-Vietnam Trade Council and strongly recommends
that AID consider implementing the initiative through these
organizations. This initiative seeks to assist the Government
of Vietnam's efforts to develop trade relations with other
nations through, among other things, reforming its legal system
and trade regime so as to provide the necessary framework for
commercial transactions, foreign investment, and trade.
U.S. TELECOMMUNICATIONS TRAINING INSTITUTE
The Committee recommends that AID provide $650,000 to the
U.S. Telecommunications Institute [USTTI]. USTTI is a nonprofit
joint venture between the public and private sectors dedicated
to providing tuition free communications and broadcast training
to professionals from around the world. The USTTI's Government/
industry collaboration results in cash and in-kind
contributions of approximately $3,500,000 from industry with
USAID grants providing travel and per diem costs for
participants from the poorest nations.
RURAL ELECTRIFICATION
The Committee continues to be concerned about the need to
maintain an adequate level of support for rural electrification
development which has had a dramatic impact on living
conditions and economic development in every country where it
has been introduced. The continued absence of modern energy
supplies inhibits economic growth, contributes to environmental
degradation and assures the continuation of poverty in rural
areas. Two billion people worldwide still do not have access to
electricity.
The Committee strongly urges USAID to maintain or increase
support for rural electrification through its centrally funded
programs as well as through its field missions particularly in
El Salvador, Bangladesh, the Philippines, and Bolivia.
The Committee also recognizes the significant contribution
of U.S. rural electric cooperatives as models for private
initiatives in addressing this growing need in developing
countries. The Committee encourages USAID to continue to work
through U.S. electric cooperative programs in carrying out this
mandate.
AMERICAN SCHOOLS and HOSPITALS ABROAD
The Committee continues to strongly support the important
work carried out by institutions funded under the American
Schools and Hospitals Abroad [ASHA] Program. The Committee
regards ASHA as one of the country's more effective public/
private partnerships supporting outstanding academic and
medical institutions which promote American values, educational
ideas, and practices.
The Committee believes that several institutions which have
received funding under ASHA have distinguished records and
deserve further support. They include:
--The American University in Beirut has trained Middle
Eastern leaders for 130 years in a strong liberal arts
tradition encouraging freedom of expression, private
initiative, and tolerance. Its academic quality,
longstanding relationship with regional governments,
network of prominent alumni and distinction as a hub of
high level global expertise make the university a
primary resource for regional development.
--The Lebanese American University (formerly Beirut
University College) is the most rapidly growing
institution of higher learning in Lebanon and is an
increasingly important resource for talent in this
expanding region.
--The Hadassah Medical Organization has established an
important record of outreach and service. Hadassah's
programs are designed to train native populations to
improve the health and welfare of their own people
using American ideas and technology. In addition, the
organization continues to offer excellent quality
medical care to all individuals regardless of
political, religious, or ethnic orientation. All
foreign assistance funds awarded to Hadassah are spent
in the United States for the latest in American medical
technology.
--The Feinberg Graduate School [FGS] of the Weizmann
Institute of Science in Israel has long served as a
model of American scientific education for postgraduate
students and scholars from around the world. ASHA funds
have been used exclusively to purchase American-made
scientific equipment from American suppliers, enabling
FGS and Weizmann to maintain the level of excellence
required to attract and train future generations of
scientists from Israel and elsewhere, including many
from developing nations in Latin America, Asia, Africa,
and the Middle East. For these reasons, the Committee
believes that support for FGS should remain a priority
and recommends that FGS receive funding in fiscal year
1997 at no less than the level provided in fiscal year
1995.
--The Johns Hopkins University's centers in Bologna, Italy
and Nanjing, China are vital national resources
promoting democracy and international market economics
in central and Eastern Europe and China. Both centers
are recognized for training professionals in world
affairs who assume leadership positions in government,
business, and the nonprofit sector.
UNIVERSITY DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS
The Committee recognizes that U.S. universities have a
significant role to play in U.S. development policies
throughout the globe. Therefore, the Committee encourages AID
and the Department of State to expand the involvement of
colleges and universities in development activities. The
Committee takes note of the important contribution made by a
number of universities in this regard including:
--The University of Hawaii has played a key role in Pacific
regional development. The Committee strongly encourages
the administration to support programs conducted by the
university including providing resources for the
International Center for Democracy to extend the
democratic experience to local level community leaders
and citizens. The Committee strongly supports the
center's effort to develop a United States-Russian
partnership organizing voter education for young
people. The Committee also encourages AID to
collaborate with the university as it develops a new
initiative to train health and human service
professionals.
--Florida International University's [FIU] Latin American
Journalism Program is making an important contribution
to strengthening democratic institutions by matching
Federal funding with private sector support. The
Committee supports FIU's request for $750,000, the
final year of the project's 7 year cycle.
--Montana State University/Bozeman and its plant growth
center have recently discovered that the wheat stem
sawfly, which is the leading pest problem for wheat
producers in the Great Plain States, is not native to
North America but was introduced from the east area of
the former Soviet Union. This discovery raises the
possibility of controlling this pest by the
introduction of its natural enemies from the region of
origin. The Committee urges AID to support this
research activity.
--The University of Northern Iowa has effectively managed the
Orava project in Slovakia which has incorporated
democratic concepts and practices into schools and
teacher education programs. The Committee encourages
AID to continue to support this important work.
--The Committee recommends continued support of the Caribbean
Law Institute [CLI]. This institute has become a viable
and effective organization in fostering and promoting
the study and reform of law, especially laws relating
to commerce, trade, and investment in Caribbean
nations.
Nursing.--The Committee recognizes the important
contribution George Mason University is making to health care
in Third World countries and recommends up to $1,000,000 be
made available to continue and expand these worthy activities.
CASS/ECESP SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAMS
The Committee agrees with the House and strongly recommends
continued support for the scholarship programs currently known
as the cooperative association of states for scholarships
[CASS] and the East Central European Scholarship Program
[ECESP]. Both of these programs utilize more than 30 community-
based institutions around the United States, primarily for 2-
year programs which offer degrees in various technical and
vocational fields.
ORPHANS, DISPLACED, and BLIND CHILDREN
The Committee recommends $10,000,000 for the displaced
children and orphans fund. The Committee also continues to
support a program of at least $1,000,000 to assist children who
are blind. Many blind children in developing countries can be
cured of their disability through simple operations and
inexpensive care. AID should build on prior successes in this
area.
The Committee has provided authority to use up to $25,000
in program funds for displaced and orphaned children and
victims of war, to enable the AID office responsible for the
design and management of these programs to monitor and oversee
their implementation. AID is also encouraged to use other OE
resources as necessary to further the effectiveness of the
oversight of these programs.
MICROENTERPRISE POVERTY PROGRAMS
The Committee believes that microcredit projects are an
efficient and effective way to develop small enterprises, the
key to employment and economic development. The Committee
directs USAID to fund microenterprise activities at last year's
funding level with at least one-half the resources targeted for
a program offering loans of less than $300, made to the poorest
50 percent of those living below the poverty line, particularly
women, or the institutional development of organizations
primarily engaged in making such loans. The Committee also
encourages USAID to invest 25 percent of microenterprise
resources through its central mechanism for support of United
States and indigenous nongovernmental organizations.
The Committee requests USAID to monitor and provide a
report on the actual amount of microenterprise credit made
available by program or project to the target poverty
population and the amount of funding allocated to each
institution engaged in making loans under $300.
WOMEN in DEVELOPMENT
The Committee encourages AID to provide $13,000,000 in
support for the Office of Women in Development. The Committee
supports efforts to better integrate the concerns of women into
AID's programs and policies and encourages AID to undertake the
institutional changes needed to support women in development.
Investing in women is crucial to reducing hunger and poverty,
improving family well being and achieving sustainable economic
growth.
HIV/AIDS
The Committee expects the administration to provide at
least the current level of funding for both bilateral and
multilateral HIV/AIDS prevention and control programs and
recommends that funding through nongovernmental organizations
operating at the community level be maximized. The Committee
continues to support efforts by the United Nations to increase
coordination and consolidation of AIDS activities via UNAIDS,
the joint and cosponsored program on HIV/AIDS at the World
Health Organization. USAID is also urged to support the global
initiatives agreed to at the 1994 AIDS summit, particularly
those relating to women, NGO's and microbicide development.
POLIO ERADICATION
Consistent with the House recommendation, the Committee
urges AID to provide $25,000,000 to support a targeted program
to eradicate polio. The Committee directs USAID to provide this
support for the delivery of oral vaccine in conjunction with
national days of immunization.
PATRICK J. LEAHY WAR VICTIMS FUND
The Committee continues its strong support for the Patrick
J. Leahy war victims fund, a $5,000,000 annual appropriation to
provide medical and related assistance to people who have
suffered disabling war injuries. The fund has been used
primarily to provide artificial limbs to victims of landmines.
The Committee strongly supports the use of the fund in Angola
where landmines have already claimed over 70,000 amputees, and
Laos, where unexploded ordnance left from the Vietnam war
continues to claim innocent victims.
PARKS in PERIL
The Committee notes its strong support of USAID's Parks in
Peril Program, a public-private partnership to promote
biodiversity conservation in critically imperiled ecosystems in
Latin America and the Caribbean. This program has provided
crucial support to local nongovernmental organizations in the
protection and management of parks and reserves at 28 sites in
12 countries, helping to protect 18 million acres of land.
Parks in Peril has also helped enhance the development of
enterprise and democracy in the region through its support of
private organizations and local communities.
USAID BIODIVERSITY PROGRAMS
The Committee strongly supports continued funding for
biodiversity conservation and tropical forest protection in
developing countries, which are critical to U.S. economic
prosperity, especially for the U.S. agricultural and
pharmaceutical industries. AID conservation activities should
continue to emphasize the use of nongovernmental organizations.
As it downsizes, AID through NGO partnerships should remain
active in regions that are significant for global biodiversity,
including in countries where AID does not have a presence or
where AID missions have been closed, especially where lack of
participation would undermine the success of a regional
strategy.
NEOTROPICAL MIGRATORY BIRDS
The Committee recommends that funding be continued at the
current level for the implementation of the neotropical forest
and grassland migratory bird conservation initiative. The
decline in populations of neotropical migratory birds has been
linked to habitat loss and degradation in Central America and
the Caribbean. Further decline of these species could pose
domestic economic and environmental problems, as these birds
play a significant role in control of forest and agricultural
pests. The Committee urges AID to make this program part of its
budget request for fiscal year 1998 to provide the continuity
required to implement this program.
DAIRY DEVELOPMENT
The Committee continues to place a high priority on dairy
development, and encourages AID to maintain funding for this
program.
FARMER-TO-FARMER
The Committee strongly supports maintaining funding for the
Volunteers in Overseas Cooperative Assistance [VOCA] Farmer-to-
Farmer Program, especially in the former Soviet Union. This is
a cost-effective way to transfer practical skills and know-how
to farmers and agribusinesses. The Committee also continues to
support two-way programs in which new agribusiness
entrepreneurs and private farm leaders are brought to the
United States for training.
AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS
The Committee is concerned that USAID may be deemphasizing
the key role of agricultural development in its projects. The
Committee urges AID to maintain a focus on agricultural
development projects as these projects affect commercial, child
survival, environmental, and other aspects of integrated
development. In the years ahead, most developing countries must
dramatically increase their food production if they are to feed
their burgeoning populations. Food aid is not a viable option
given the massive needs. Agricultural research, community-based
agricultural development, small rural enterprise development,
and food systems restructuring programs exemplify the type of
investments USAID should focus upon.
RENEWABLE ENERGY
The Committee urges AID to continue the unique programs at
its Office of Energy, Environment, and Technology, supporting
its U.S. renewable energy private sector initiatives such as
project preparation, training, multimedia, and related
activities in cooperation with the Committee on Renewable
Energy, Commerce, and Trade.
international executive service corps
The Committee recognizes that the International Executive
Service Corps [IESC] has provided 32 years of excellent
volunteer expert services for the development of business
enterprises, business support institutions, and new markets in
developing countries. IESC is an important vehicle for
promoting technology transfer, economic growth, and sustainable
development around the world, while also opening new areas of
economic participation to American firms. The Committee,
therefore, strongly urges that AID provide IESC annually with
grant funds sufficient to support their operations and to
ensure the continued availability of their services worldwide.
office of private and voluntary cooperation
The Committee recommends continued strong support for AID's
Office of Private and Voluntary Cooperation in fiscal year
1997. The Committee also recognizes the important contribution
of private voluntary organizations and cooperatives in
establishing and administering food aid programs overseas. The
Committee suggests that funding be made available for these
organizations under the title II Food Aid Institutional Support
Program at a level comparable with prior years.
COOPERATIVE AND CREDIT UNION PROGRAMS
The Committee strongly supports continued central funding
from the Office of Private Voluntary Cooperation that enables
U.S. cooperatives to share their self-help business approaches
with developing countries and those undergoing transitions to
democracy and market economies.
The Committee continues to support private sector to
private sector development efforts carried out by U.S.
cooperatives and credit unions. These programs promote free
markets, create U.S. business linkages, export American
technology, and build local economies and a friendly climate
for new and expanding U.S. markets.
Cooperatives enable people to achieve dignity and lasting
economic independence through member-owned democratic
businesses. They spread their economic benefits widely through
community-based businesses, and provide opportunities for
millions of people to directly participate in democratic
processes.
private voluntary organizations
The Committee has again included language in the bill that
is intended to ensure that the level of funding to private and
voluntary organizations is maintained. This is consistent with
current law and AID's commitment to enhance support for PVO's
at a time when they are being increasingly called upon to
implement U.S. foreign assistance programs.
AFGHANISTAN
The Committee urges AID to make available development and
disaster assistance funds through nongovernmental organizations
for reconstruction and capacity building in Afghanistan, in
areas of the country that are stable and where economic
development has begun. The Committee is aware of the enormous
need for this assistance in Afghanistan and is encouraged that
a number of nongovernmental organizations are already working
there.
population, development assistance
The Committee reaffirms that stabilizing population growth
is essential to reducing poverty, protecting the environment,
promoting economic development, and improving the lives and
health of millions of women, children, and families.
The Committee deplores the House decision to cut by one-
third funds for AID's population assistance program. The
inevitable consequence of this action will be to deny family
planning services to millions of couples who want them, with a
resulting increase in unwanted pregnancies and abortions.
In order to emphasize its unequivocal support for AID's
family planning program and its goals, the Committee has
reestablished a separate account for population assistance,
funded at a level of $410,000,000. The Committee continues the
longstanding prohibition against the use of any funds in the
act for abortion or to lobby for or against abortion. It also
stipulates that in determining eligibility for population
assistance, nongovernmental and multilateral organizations
shall not be subject to requirements more restrictive than
those applicable to foreign governments for such assistance.
International Disaster Assistance
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $181,000,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 190,000,000
House allowance......................................... 190,000,000
Committee recommendation
190,000,000
The Committee recommends $190,000,000 for the
``International disaster assistance'' account for fiscal year
1997.
The Committee recommends an increase in the appropriation
for international disaster assistance over fiscal year 1996
levels in recognition of the unique role the United States has
played in responding to emergencies.
Payment to the Foreign Service Retirement and Disability Fund
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $43,914,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 43,826,000
House allowance......................................... 43,826,000
Committee recommendation
43,826,000
The Foreign Service retirement and disability fund is a
mandatory expense of the Agency for International Development.
AID Operating Expenses
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $465,750,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 495,000,000
House allowance......................................... 465,750,000
Committee recommendation
495,000,000
Consistent with the administration's request, the Committee
recommends an appropriation of $495,000,000 for the ``Operating
expenses'' account of the Agency for International Development
for fiscal year 1997. In noting it is fully funding this
request, the Committee strongly objects to recent statements by
senior AID officials asserting that congressional reductions in
funding are responsible for recent decisions to proceed with a
sizable reduction in force [RIF's].
Levels of funding in both fiscal year 1996 and fiscal year
1997 have reflected the Administrator's public testimony
regarding operating expenses. Thus, any unanticipated RIF's
which ensue are either a direct result of AID's
misunderstanding of its internal requirements or AID's
misleading Congress regarding its budgetary request.
The Committee directs AID to provide a report within 30
days of enactment of the fiscal year 1997 appropriations,
detailing the timetable and cost estimates related to the
recent decision to proceed with a RIF. The Committee expects
the report to include the number of personnel and their status
as either Schedule C, noncareer Senior Executive Service,
administratively determined, or career direct hire.
Operating Expenses of the Office of the Inspector General
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $30,200,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 30,000,000
House allowance......................................... 30,000,000
Committee recommendation
28,000,000
Budgetary pressure and the anticipated proportional
reduction in the Agency have resulted in the Committee
recommendation. To alleviate this pressure, the Committee has
included language so that funds may remain available until
expended.
Other Bilateral Economic Assistance
Economic Support Fund
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $2,340,000,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 2,408,000,000
House allowance......................................... 2,336,000,000
Committee recommendation
2,340,000,000
The Committee recommends that this account be earmarked as
follows: $1,200,000,000 for Israel and $815,000,000 for Egypt,
in both cases the administration's requested levels for
assistance. The Committee believes that this support is crucial
to sustain American interests in peace, stability, and
prosperity in the region.
iran
The Committee has made $3,000,000 available on a one-time
basis to establish a Radio Free Iran broadcasting capability.
The Committee is concerned about the lack of accurate
political, economic, and cultural information available to the
citizens of Iran. The Committee expects the funds to be made
available to establish a program through existing services or
facilities. However, the Committee directs no resources may be
made available to expand or enhance activities carried out by
Voice of America.
MIDDLE EAST REGIONAL COOPERATIVE PROGRAM
The Committee continues its strong support of the Middle
East Regional Cooperative Program [MERC] and expects the
administration to continue funding at last year's level. MERC
programs have helped nurture and deepen the peace process by
fostering cooperative projects of a scientific and
technological nature between Israel and its neighbors. Common
problem solving by MERC projects in the fields of agriculture,
health, energy, the environment, education, water resources,
and the social sciences has helped lead to common understanding
in the region.
WEST BANK and GAZA
The Committee regards funding for programs in the West Bank
and Gaza as an investment in the Middle East peace process. The
Committee is concerned by the continuation of reports from both
Israeli and Palestinian officials that the United States
commitment is not achieving visible results. Resources have
been provided on a bilateral basis for several years,
supplementing a World Bank coordinated effort. Nonetheless,
little improvement is evident. The Committee requests USAID
provide an assessment of the completed projects funded with
bilateral resources.
GUATEMALA
The Committee notes the recent progress in the peace
negotiations between the Guatemalan Government and the URNG,
and fully expects a final settlement of the conflict to be
achieved this year. With over 30 years of divisiveness and
bloodshed behind them, the Guatemalan people will need
international assistance to support reconciliation, equitable
economic development, and an independent judicial system that
has the people's confidence. The Committee urges the
administration to contribute to this effort.
TELECOMMUNICATIONS and ECONOMIC REFORM in EGYPT
The Committee continues to support the current
telecommunications sector support project [TSSP] and the
modernization of Egypt's telecommunications as keys to both
economic reform and growth. The Committee appreciates the
political difficulty created by further reforms, but encourages
the Government of Egypt to proceed with the telecommunications
sector initiatives as agreed to with USAID. In particular, the
Committee urges the prime minister to sign the national
telecommunications policy in order to implement the next phase
of reforms.
In conjunction with additional reforms, the Committee urges
USAID to identify projects which would leverage United States
aid with private sector and Government of Egypt resources.
Tuna Treaty
The Treaty on Fisheries between the United States and the
governments of certain Pacific Island States, popularly known
as the South Pacific Regional Fisheries Treaty, requires that
$14,000,000 in economic assistance be provided annually to the
South Pacific Island States. Therefore, the Committee
recommends that the treaty obligations be met through the
payment of the full $14,000,000 in fiscal year 1997.
International Fund for Ireland
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $19,600,000
Budget estimate, 1997...................................................
House allowance......................................... 19,600,000
Committee recommendation
...........................
The Committee supports continued efforts to bring peace and
stability to Northern Ireland. However, given budget
considerations and Ireland's unique access to European
Community resources, the Committee believes the United States
can play a more effective role in encouraging investment and
trade. The Committee notes the successful work of a six
university consortium which includes Montana State University/
Bozeman, Virginia Commonwealth, and Portland State. This
consortium has worked to establish long distance learning as a
viable method for cross-cultural understanding with Ireland.
Its work includes sharing resources, particularly in business
and entrepreneurship. The Committee urges the International
Fund for Ireland to support this activity.
Assistance for Eastern Europe and the Baltic States
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $522,000,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 475,000,000
House allowance......................................... 475,000,000
Committee recommendation
475,000,000
The Committee recommends $475,000,000 for the Eastern
Europe special assistance initiative.
The Committee continues to believe that completing the
transition to free market democracies in the region is vital to
U.S. interests. Last year, the Committee included the NATO
Participation Act Amendments as a part of the fiscal year 1996
appropriations. To further the objectives included in that
legislation, the Committee reiterates its strong commitment to
provide adequate resources to expand military training and ties
which, in turn, will expedite the expansion of NATO's
membership. To meet these needs, the Committee has once again
provided up to $20,000,000 in transfer authority from this
account and the ``New Independent States'' account to support
extending the stabilizing influence of NATO into central and
Eastern Europe.
LEGAL INITIATIVES
The Committee encourages and expects AID to continue to
support the central and Eastern European law initiative
[CEELI], a project of the American Bar Association. CEELI is
providing critical legal expertise to nations that are
restructuring their entire law enforcement and judicial
systems. CEELI has emphasized key areas including
constitutional reforms, criminal and commercial law and
procedure, judicial reform, as well as the reform of legal
education. The 4,000 American attorneys, judges, and law
professors are drawn from every State and participate as
volunteers.
Assistance for the New Independent States of the Former Soviet Union
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $641,000,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 640,000,000
House allowance......................................... 590,000,000
Committee recommendation
640,000,000
The Committee recommends $640,000,000 for the New
Independent States [NIS] of the former Soviet Union for fiscal
year 1997, full funding of the administration's request. As in
prior years, the bill makes applicable the provisions of
section 498B(j) of the Foreign Assistance Act to funds
appropriated under this heading, as well as making applicable
the other provisions of chapter 11 of part I of that act to
funds appropriated by the bill for the NIS.
For 3 years the Committee has urged the administration to
expand assistance to the non-Russian states of the NIS. The
administration points to a shift from two-thirds of our aid
flowing to Russia in 1993 compared with slightly less than one-
half of our current year program. However, as of March 1996,
with regard to the total of both expended and budgeted
resources, Russia's allocation exceeded the combined total for
all other 11 states. Moreover, the Committee continues to
oppose the administration's approach of replicating or
expanding Russian programs in other nations without any
consideration of cultural, political, or economic interests.
The Committee believes that strengthening free market
democracies throughout the NIS enhances U.S. interests through
increased stability, security, and prosperity. Accordingly, the
Committee has continued with past practices of earmarking
support for Ukraine, Armenia, and Georgia. The Committee also
requires the President to provide $10,000,000 to support a
Trans-Caucasus Enterprise Fund.
RUSSIA
There is enormous uncertainty associated with the outcome
of the Russian elections. President Yeltsin has made
extravagant campaign pledges which, if fulfilled, would
substantially increase spending in an effort to improve the
financial well-being of constituents adversely affected by
reforms. These promises risk a return to hyperinflation,
frustrate prospects for economic progress, and undermine the
mandatory fiscal austerity measures imposed by the IMF,
thereby, jeopardizing its continued monthly payments of a
$10,000,000,000 loan.
The Committee is equally concerned about public statements
by many of President Yeltsin's opponents suggesting economic
reforms would be abandoned altogether. Communist leader Gennady
Zyuganov has suggested the need to re-establish state control
and subsidies to key industries, a decision which would
directly challenge emerging free markets and threaten
investment.
As these circumstances reflect, United States assistance is
less important to Russia's future than the political and
economic choices both the citizens and their elected leaders
will make in the coming months. The Committee notes that in
addition to the $10,000,000,000 IMF loan, the United States has
budgeted $4,200,000,000 for Russia through fiscal year 1996 for
a range of activities including privatization and capital
market initiatives, nuclear dismantling and security programs,
and rule of law, agricultural and humanitarian projects.
The Committee believes this is an important transition year
for the Russia program. The Committee expects this to be a year
in which aid is phased out and that Russia will graduate from
most foreign operations related programs in fiscal year 1997.
The Committee intends to continue to provide modest support for
health and humanitarian needs, democracy and rule of law
programs, nuclear safety, and security initiatives.
violence against women
Violence against women is rampant in Russia, where in a
single year an estimated 15,000 women die and 50,000 are
hospitalized as a result of domestic violence. The Committee
has earmarked $1,000,000 to support law enforcement training
programs to address this urgent problem.
Community-Based Law Enforcement Training
The Committee recognizes that a significant problem facing
the emerging democracy in Russia is the lack of effective
training to enable their newly established, democratically
based criminal justice system to cope with an outbreak of
criminal activity, and believes that it is in the national
interest of the United States to help alleviate this problem.
Further, the Committee believes the training already being
provided by the Federal Bureau of Investigation and other law
enforcement agencies needs to be supplemented with on the
ground training in U.S. local and State law enforcement
methods.
To accomplish this objective, the Committee recommends that
$1,000,000 be made available to fund the establishment of a
program to train Russian law enforcement officers at an
established college of criminal justice in the United States.
The college chosen to provide this training must: (1) be a
nationally accredited university with a college of criminal
justice which offers a bachelor of science and a masters of
criminal justice program; (2) be in partnership with State and
local law enforcement agencies to provide local and community-
based training; and (3) be already in partnership with a
Russian university involved in related training.
Independent Media
The Committee strongly supports independent media programs,
including the training of journalists, broadcasters, and news
anchors, in helping establish autonomous, self-sustaining
television news networks in the NIS. While the Committee notes
the relative success of the various programs in expanding the
openness of the media environment, recent reports show that
independent media, particularly in Russia, remains insecure.
Therefore, the Committee strongly urges USAID continue to
provide adequate funds to independent media programs for their
democracy building activities.
pushchino project
The Russian-United States technical, education, and
economic development consortium has made significant progress
implementing a project entitled, ``Uniting Science and
Education and the Transfer of Technology to Support Sustainable
Economic Development and Environmental Protection of South
Central European Russia.'' The so-called Pushchino project has
carried out activities which promote economic development,
restore the environment and train entrepreneurs,
agriculturalists, and environmental professionals. The results
have been mutually beneficial particularly in the testing and
development of technologies with practical applications
including the control of wheat and barley root disease and
remediation of environmental pollutants. The Committee urges
continued funding for this collaboration between research
institutions, universities, and private firms.
russian far east
The Russian far east is increasingly being recognized as
vital to the overall development of Russia's market economy.
Its rich natural resource base and proximity to the rapidly
expanding Pacific rim economies have won it the attention of
increasing numbers of industries and companies. However,
attempts to coordinate trade promotional efforts between the
two regions have been sporadic and often ill conceived.
Meanwhile U.S. competitors in the region have been
effective in integrating public and private sector activities.
Partly in response to this situation, the United States and
Russian governments agreed during the December 1994 meeting of
the Gore-Chernomyrdin Commission [GCC] in Moscow, to establish
the United States west coast-Russian far east ad hoc working
group. The working group is charged with developing a
bilaterally sanctioned framework to increase trade and
investment opportunities between the Russian far east and the
United States west coast.
The role this working group can play to increase
opportunities between our two regions is significant. The
Committee recommends that authority and funding for this group
and the subsequent initiatives approved by this bilateral body
be given priority.
UKRAINE
The Committee is extremely disappointed by the
administration's continued reluctance to seriously and fully
address Ukraine's requirements. The USAID mission in this
country and the program administrators in Washington have
preferred to expand existing contracts with Russian-based
organizations rather than assess and respond to the unique
social, economic, and political requirements in Ukraine.
For example, in fiscal year 1996 the conferees recommended
USAID invest $5,000,000 to screen, diagnose, and treat women
who have developed breast cancer as a result of radiation
exposure from Chornobyl. The conferees expected and made clear
the funds should be made available for a project which would be
accessible to women in the Chornobyl contamination areas in
Ukraine and Belarus, and include medical professionals with
established experience in mammography, treatment, and surgery,
who were prepared to staff and fully equip a health clinic. The
Committee impressed upon USAID the urgency of addressing this
emerging problem.
In response, USAID recommended disbursing funds through an
existing contract with a children's hospital. The hospital did
not have doctors, nurses, technicians, or equipment suitable
for any oncology program. Moreover, one of the sites
recommended by USAID for the program was Odessa, a city that is
farther away from the contaminated areas than Warsaw, Poland or
Vilnius, Lithuania. Selecting such a distant contractor, both
ill equipped and inexperienced to manage the program is only
one of many examples of USAID's ongoing reluctance or inability
to tailor a program to meet Ukraine's unique needs.
children of Chornobyl
The Committee has earmarked $5,000,000 to diagnose and
treat children suffering from cancer and other illnesses
resulting from exposure to Chornobyl's radiation. The Committee
is particularly concerned about the increase in the incidence
of psychological problems associated with surviving the
accident and encourages USAID to provide at least $1,000,000 to
support clinical training programs in the region.
small business incubator program
The Committee has earmarked funds for a small business
incubator program strongly supported by the United States
Ambassador along with the Ukrainian Government. The Committee
understands that as a measure of its support, the Ukrainian
Government is prepared to make a commitment to share the costs
of this important program.
nuclear safety
Once again, the Committee has recommended specific earmarks
to address the ongoing problems of nuclear safety in Ukraine.
In meetings to review the disbursement of fiscal year 1996
funds, State Department officials represented that specific
reports established that most reactors in Ukraine were safe
compared to the Chornobyl-type reactor. The State Department
urged the Committee to shift resources to securing the
sarcophagus at Chornobyl, a project which the G-7 Group has
committed to fund and which is estimated to cost between
$200,000,000 and $1,200,000,000. The Committee understands a
French consortium has contracted to carry out a project to
build a new structure to secure the existing sarcophagus.
After consultation with independent experts, the Committee
established that no reactor in Ukraine has undergone a safety
analysis report [SAR] or a probabilistic risk assessment [PRA],
crucial accident prevention and management analyses which are
performed routinely on Western reactors. Thus, the actual
safety status of any reactor is highly uncertain. The Committee
has earmarked funds to move forward with the acquisition of
safety control systems, simulators, and related training to
diminish the serious risk of an additional accident in Ukraine.
The Committee has also earmarked resources to begin to
fulfill United States obligations made under the memorandum of
understanding between the Government of Ukraine and the G-7
Group. The Committee expects the United States to fully meet
the approximately $200,000,000 commitment made in December 1995
to carry out the decommissioning of the Chornobyl plant,
including removal of nuclear waste and the fuel assemblies.
The Committee expects the administration to continue with
crucial support to complete the modernization program of
nuclear reactors. Currently under construction, these reactors
assure Ukraine has alternatives to Chornobyl which are both
reliable and safer.
The Committee believes it is important to pursue an
integrated approach in addressing the nuclear safety issues in
Ukraine. This approach should develop Ukraine's internal
capabilities and infrastructure to build upon United States
commitments. To that end, the Committee recommends an emphasis
on training, simulation, and reactor safety at each site, which
should be integrated into a broader infrastructure that
includes effective communications and a centralized accident
response management system.
agriculture
As noted by the Ukrainian Ambassador to the United States,
agriculture comprises 60 percent of the nation's economy. While
some steps have been taken to privatize the agricultural
sector, U.S. support is crucial to strengthening this key
sector. The Committee was disappointed by the Ambassador's
report that the United States committed $7,000,000 to this
sector in fiscal year 1996.
The Committee has recommended a substantial increase in
support to the privatization and development of the
agricultural sector. The Committee directs that funds shall be
made available for projects which leverage private sector to
U.S. Government resources at a ratio of no less than 2 to 1.
ARMENIA
The Committee recommends an increase in assistance to
Armenia in recognition of progress that country has made on
important economic and political reforms. As with Ukraine, the
Committee believes energy self-sufficiency is essential to
Armenia's full recovery and, therefore, encourages the
coordinator to develop a plan which will support private sector
efforts to develop an oil and gas pipeline in the region.
azerbaijan
The Committee has included a provision which restates
section 907 of the FREEDOM Support Act. In the fiscal year 1996
bill, language was included allowing aid to be provided to the
Government of Azerbaijan, notwithstanding section 907, if the
President reached a determination that existing mechanisms
relied on by nongovernmental organizations to deliver
humanitarian assistance were inadequate. The Committee notes
the administration has not submitted any such determination.
The Committee directs that nongovernmental and
international organizations shall not be precluded by this
language from using and repairing Government facilities or
services such as housing, warehouses, clinics, hospitals, and
vehicles to effectively deliver humanitarian services and
supplies to needy civilians. The Committee expects these
organizations to maintain effective monitoring procedures to
assure appropriate supervision over supplies and recipients.
The Committee intends that Government personnel be allowed
to distribute humanitarian commodities such as doctors giving
out medicine to needy civilians and that these supplies may be
transferred to Government personnel for the purpose of
distribution. The Committee also intends that needy civilians,
especially refugees and displaced persons, be permitted to
receive assistance in growing food for their own sustenance,
and are not precluded from selling excess in the private sector
to begin the transition to personal economic self-sufficiency.
PRIVATE-PUBLIC PARTNERSHIPS
The Committee continues to believe that the key to long-
term economic growth is the private sector. The Committee
continues to be alarmed by the administration's continued
reliance on consultants with exorbitant salaries, travel
expenses, and overhead costs. Not only does this waste scarce
resources, there is little evidence this approach develops a
nation's indigenous capabilities assuring long-term benefits
and improvements. The Committee expects that all assistance
will be designed to use indigenous resources of recipient
nations and more actively support joint ventures and
partnerships with private enterprises in the region.
CRIME and CORRUPTION
The Committee continues to believe the explosion of crime
and corruption is one of the biggest impediments to private
investment and economic growth in the NIS. The Committee has
continued to earmark funds to combat this problem, particularly
since the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation
testified to the extensive problem Russian organized crime now
poses in the United States.
research, training, exchanges, and partnerships
Training, exchanges, and partnership between the United
States and the nations of Eurasia and central Europe are
essential to the process of sustaining democracy and serve the
interests of the United States. The Committee endorses full
funding for the Russian, Eurasian, and East European Research
and Training Program (title VIII) from the two appropriation
accounts for the NIS and central Europe. The Committee also
supports funding for other graduate fellowship and training
projects in both regions such as the Central and Eastern
European Graduate Fellowship Program. Student exchange
programs, in general, are to be distributed in a more balanced
manner among high school, college, and graduate/postgraduate
categories.
The Committee also supports increased funding for the
institutional partnerships program in the former Soviet Union
as well as its extension into central Europe and the Baltic
States. Such grassroot partnerships have been highly successful
at relatively low cost in improving business management,
agricultural reform, and improved health and medical care.
PRIVATE SECTOR INITIATIVES
The Committee encourages the administration to expand
programs which leverage private sector resources to establish
self-sustaining, free enterprise joint ventures, and
development projects. The Committee has strongly supported the
Food Systems Restructuring Program [FSRP], a private/public
partnership leveraging the expertise and capital resources of
American agribusiness to improve distribution and productivity
in the NIS. The Committee directs that funding for this program
be expanded proportional to the relative size of agriculture as
a percentage of the economy of each nation.
VOLUNTARY FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMS
The Committee again recommends an earmark of $15,000,000
under this account for voluntary family planning programs in
Russia and the NIS. These programs address the extreme
reproductive health needs of women in the former Soviet Union,
many of whom suffer serial abortions because of a severe dearth
of family planning services there.
PEACE CORPS
The Committee concurs with the House recommendation that
the Peace Corps programs in the NIS be supported by funding in
this account, and recommends that not less than $12,000,000 be
provided for Peace Corps programs in the region. The
Committee's recommendation reflects an expectation that the
administration will continue to provide appropriate support
from the NIS account to the Peace Corps for small business
development.
AMERICAN-RUSSIAN CENTER
The Committee has included bill language which earmarks
$2,500,000 for the American-Russian Center for operation and
training programs. This Center was founded in 1993 with grants
from the initial appropriation under the Freedom Support Act.
The purpose of the Center is to provide business training and
technical assistance to the Russian Far East, an area taking up
almost one-quarter of Russian geography. The Center's training
facilities in Yakutsk, Khabarovsk, Magadan, and Sakhalin have
provided communications facilities, small business training,
advanced internships with American business, and technical
assistance to over 6,000 Russians since 1993.
The Center has the goal of becoming self-sufficient by 1998
and presently, local Russian industries and governments support
70 percent of the Center's costs for training Russian personnel
in the United States. These organizations have pledged 100
percent support by 1997. The Committee believes that the
operation of these centers is crucial to the future of market
development and democracy building in this very important
region of Russia.
INDEPENDENT AGENCIES
African Development Foundation
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $11,500,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 12,500,000
House allowance......................................... 11,500,000
Committee recommendation................................................
Funding for this account has been included under the
``Development assistance'' account.
Inter-American Foundation
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $20,000,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 20,000,000
House allowance......................................... 20,000,000
Committee recommendation................................................
Funding for this account has been included under the
``Development assistance'' account.
Peace Corps
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $205,000,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 220,000,000
House allowance......................................... 212,000,000
Committee recommendation
205,000,000
The Committee recommends an appropriation of $205,000,000
for the Peace Corps for fiscal year 1997.
The Committee is forced to recommend a reduction to the
request due to severe budgetary constraints, but notes that it
also recommends $12,000,000 for Peace Corps programs in the NIS
account.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
International Narcotics Control
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $115,000,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 213,000,000
House allowance......................................... 150,000,000
Committee recommendation
160,000,000
The Committee recommends $160,000,000 for the International
Narcotics Control Program.
The recommendation reflects the Committee's concern about
the continuing escalation of international crime and narcotics
trafficking.
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF ILLICIT DRUG CROPS
The development of plant pathogens which are capable of
destroying illicit drug crops including opium poppy, cocaine,
and marijuana offer a potential weapon in the fight against
illicit drugs. Montana State University has field tested some
of these pathogens which have proved to be effective, and they
propose to continue selection and improvements of these
biocontrol agents. This kind of research, the Committee
believes, warrants consideration for support by the Department
of State's International Narcotics Program.
GUATEMALA
Although the Committee has continued its prohibition on
assistance to the Guatemalan armed forces due to ongoing
concerns about human rights abuses, the Committee permits
assistance to the Guatemalan Treasury Police's Department of
Anti-Narcotics Operations [DOAN]. However, the Committee
intends and expects that any such assistance is to be used only
by DOAN and only for counternarcotics activities.
Migration and Refugee Assistance
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $671,000,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 650,000,000
House allowance......................................... 650,000,000
Committee recommendation
650,000,000
The Committee recommends $650,000,000 for the Migration and
Refugee Assistance Program, of which $80,000,000 is earmarked
for refugees from the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe
and other refugees resettling in Israel.
The people of Tibet continue to live under the repressive
and brutal occupation of China. There are currently over
140,000 Tibetan refugees living in India and Nepal, and
thousands more flee Tibet each year. Since 1991, the United
States has provided humanitarian assistance to this needy
population, and the Committee recommends that $1,000,000 be
provided through the State Department's Bureau of Population,
Refugees, and Migration to assist Tibetan refugees in India and
Nepal.
Indochinese Refugees
As the comprehensive plan of action comes to a close, the
Committee appreciates the State Department's efforts to bring
this chapter of the United States' involvement in Southeast
Asia to an honorable conclusion. The Committee is pleased that
the State Department was able to obtain permission from the
Thai Government to allow the remaining Hmong with refugee
status access to resettlement in the United States. In
addition, while not the most preferred option, the Committee
supports the resettlement program [ROVR] established to ensure
that Vietnamese asylum seekers who voluntarily return to
Vietnam will be afforded another interview for resettlement in
the United States. The Committee hopes that the standards for
those asylum seekers with close ties to the United States will
be generously applied. Finally, the Committee remains concerned
about the recent change in policy regarding the resettlement of
the adult, unmarried children of former reeducation camp
prisoners. It was not the original intent of the program to see
the former prisoners separated from their family in such a
manner.
Bosnian Refugees
The Committee urges that every effort be made to implement
the civilian and humanitarian provisions of the Dayton accords,
including the right of every person to return to his or her own
home in safety and dignity. It recognizes, however, the
difficulties that are being experienced in returning refugees
and displaced persons to their homes in areas that are now
ruled by a majority of another ethnicity. The United States
must remain alert to this situation and be prepared to work
with our European partners to provide assistance to those for
whom permanent resettlement is the only viable solution.
Liberian Refugees
The resumption of fighting in Liberia caught many observers
by surprise. This year, despite the expectations of the
international community, significant repatriation by Liberian
refugees now in Guinea and Cote d'Ivoire is unlikely. The
withdrawal of aid agencies from Liberia increases the
likelihood of refugee outflows. Although a large percentage of
Liberians have been refugees for more than 4 years, the rarity
of income generating projects and the scarcity of economic
opportunities especially in Guinea make their integration
extremely difficult. Thus, the Committee urges the State
Department to continue to push other donors to continue
assistance to the region's refugees, and to work with the UNHCR
and WFP officials to improve the registration of refugees and
the distribution of food to those in need.
Laos
The reintegration of refugees to Laos is continuing. With
the limited amount of usable agricultural land, this will
undoubtedly be a slow process. Virtually all available land
needs water, thus irrigation projects will be critical. The
Committee hopes that the administration will continue their
leadership role in this region and support international
efforts to develop a long-term strategy to fully address the
needs of returnees and to ensure that we build on the
investment already made to guarantee that returnees reach self-
sufficiency.
Cambodia
Returnees continue to face problems with reintegration in
Cambodia due in part to the unavailability of usable land. It
appears that for the returnees without family ties in Cambodia
the main determinant of their success is whether they received
land. This initial hope was to have a land option available for
all who so desired. In reality, only a small proportion of
returnees have received land, the rest having been persuaded to
take cash because of the unavailability of land for returnees.
The Committee continues to support adequate funding for
demining efforts in Cambodia. To the extent extra funds are
available for humanitarian demining in Cambodia, the Committee
urges it to go toward the Cambodian Mine Action Center and
other institutions with oversight by the Department of State.
In addition, in order to help returnees become more self-
sufficient, the Committee supports programs such as food-for-
work projects and other programs to provide land to landless
returnees.
Burmese Refugees
The Committee is concerned about the fate of the over 5,000
Rohingyan refugees who have fled Burma over the past few months
for the border of Bangladesh. This population has been allowed
little access to the international community and remains
without the protections of the UNHCR.
Those attempting to flee have been pushed back by
Bangladeshi officials, while several hundred have been
arrested. Interviews with this new group of refugees document
an increase in forced relocation and forced labor in Burma.
Furthermore, recent reports on the situation inside the
country, including that of the U.N. Special Rapporteur to
Burma, indicate that the Muslims of Arakan State are not being
recognized by the government as citizens of Burma, continue to
suffer persecution, and are categorically singled out for
discriminatory treatment. We are hopeful that the State
Department will continue to carefully monitor this situation
and urge the Bangladesh Government to allow UNHCR access to
these refugees.
Emergency Refugee and Migration Assistance Fund
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $50,000,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 50,000,000
House allowance......................................... 50,000,000
Committee recommendation
50,000,000
The Committee recommends $50,000,000 for the emergency
refugee and migration assistance fund.
Antiterrorism
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $16,000,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 17,000,000
House allowance.........................................................
Committee recommendation
...........................
The Committee has included funds for antiterrorism programs
under the heading ``Nonproliferation, Antiterrorism, Demining,
and Related Programs.''
Nonproliferation, Antiterrorism, Demining, and Related Programs
Appropriations, 1996.................................... ($157,000,000)
Budget estimate, 1997................................... (154,000,000)
House allowance......................................... (135,000,000)
Committee recommendation
140,000,000
The Committee recommends $140,000,000 for a new,
consolidated account which includes the nonproliferation and
disarmament fund, antiterrorism activities, demining programs,
and funding for the International Atomic Energy Agency and the
Korean Peninsula Energy Development Organization. In addition,
funds for the President's request of $50,000,000 for
antiterrorism assistance to Israel are included.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fiscal year Fiscal year Committee
1996 enacted 1997 request recommendation
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Antiterrorism................................................... $16,000,000 $17,000,000 $16,000,000
NDF............................................................. 20,000,000 20,000,000 15,000,000
Demining........................................................ 6,000,000 6,000,000 10,000,000
IAEA............................................................ 43,000,000 36,000,000 36,000,000
KEDO............................................................ 13,000,000 25,000,000 13,000,000
Israel.......................................................... 50,000,000 50,000,000 50,000,000
-----------------------------------------------
Total..................................................... 157,000,000 154,000,000 140,000,000
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ANTITERRORISM
The Committee has recommended $16,000,000 for
antiterrorism, the same level funded in fiscal year 1996.
Budget pressures and overlaps in the funding made available for
Israel resulted in the modest reduction from the
administration's request.
The Committee is concerned about the alarming toll that
Tamil terrorists have taken on innocent civilians in Sri Lanka,
and urges the administration to seriously consider making
$750,000 available in antiterrorism funds to combat this
problem.
PULSED FAST NEUTRON ANALYSIS [PFNA]
The Committee suggests that consideration be given to an
overseas field demonstration of pulsed fast neutron analysis
[PFNA] cargo inspection system [CIS] technology to be conducted
in Israel.
The Committee expects that any funds made available to
Israel for PFNA will be used to purchase equipment developed,
designed, and manufactured in the United States.
NONPROLIFERATION AND DISARMAMENT
The Committee supports the activities carried out by this
fund for controlling the spread of nuclear weapons and
material, particularly efforts made to limit nuclear smuggling.
However, the Committee shares the House view that traditional
export control activities should be funded from the appropriate
State Department account.
DEMINING
In response to concerns raised by a number of members, the
Committee has increased funds for demining activities. The
Committee urges the administration to make at least $2,000,000
available to support the U.N. demining program in Afghanistan,
one of the countries worst affected by landmines.
KOREAN PENINSULA ENERGY DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
The Committee provides $13,000,000 for administrative costs
and the purchase of heavy fuel oil in accordance with the
agreed framework. In requesting resources for fiscal year 1996,
the administration justified $10,000,000 for fuel oil,
$3,000,000 for administrative costs, and $9,000,000 to be
applied to the design and acquisition of nuclear reactors. Many
Members of Congress expressed reservations about contributing
to an expensive, long-term North Korean nuclear program so the
conferees agreed to only fund oil and administrative expenses.
In response to administration concerns that the Congress not
impede efforts to raise international funds for KEDO, the
conferees did not include the number $13,000,000 in the bill.
The administration argued that including the actual dollar
amount would encourage other countries to limit their
contributions to a comparable amount. The conferees included
language in the bill which stated funds were available for
specific, justified costs accompanied by report language
supporting funding for oil and administrative expenses only.
Subsequently, the administration chose to interpret this
language to mean the full funding request of $22,000,000 was
available for use for oil and administrative expenses. The
Committee strongly opposed this revision of the original
request and expected to be provided with a reprogramming
notification consistent with the law's requirement that
Congress be advised in funding changes or transfer of funds.
The administration failed to provide a reprogramming
notification and proceeded to make available $22,000,000 for a
U.S. contribution to KEDO.
In addition to substantially exceeding allowed and
justified program funding levels, the administration failed to
adequately address bill language requiring a determination on
the concrete steps the United States was taking to advance a
North-South dialog, including removing restrictions on trade,
travel, and commercial activities.
To assure no further misunderstandings, the Committee has
provided funding for oil and administrative costs in an amount
consistent with the information provided Congress at the time
of the signing of the Framework Agreement.
TITLE III
MILITARY ASSISTANCE
Funds Appropriated to the President
International Military Education and Training
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $39,000,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 45,000,000
House allowance......................................... 43,475,000
Committee recommendation
40,000,000
The Committee recommends the appropriation of $40,000,000
for the International Military Education and Training [IMET]
Program.
The following table details the amounts provided for IMET
in constant and current dollars:
INTERNATIONAL MILITARY EDUCATION AND TRAINING APPROPRIATIONS GRANTS,
FISCAL YEARS 1985-97
[In millions of dollars]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Constant Current
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fiscal year:
1985.......................... 72.27 56.2
1986.......................... 77.37 52.1
1987.......................... 74.7 56.0
1988.......................... 61.0 47.4
1989.......................... 58.7 47.4
1990.......................... 56.8 47.2
1991.......................... 54.2 47.2
1992 \1\...................... 50.5 44.6
1993.......................... 46.5 42.5
1994 \2\...................... 23.9 22.25
1995.......................... 27.6 26.35
1996.......................... 40.0 39.0
1997 request.................. 45.0 45.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Fiscal year 1992 reflects net budget authority after rescission of
$1,925,000 applicable to fiscal year 1992 appropriation.
\2\ Fiscal year 1994 includes $1,000,000 transferred from FMF.
Note: DOD general inflation factor applied; IMET course costs generally
have increased at faster rate since fiscal year 1993.
Foreign Military Financing
total program level
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $3,342,790,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 3,268,250,000
House allowance......................................... 3,257,250,000
Committee recommendation
3,284,000,000
grant level
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $3,278,390,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 3,228,250,000
House allowance......................................... 3,222,250,000
Committee recommendation
3,224,000,000
(limitation on administrative expenses)
Appropriations, 1996.................................... ($23,250,000)
Budget estimate, 1997................................... (23,250,000)
House allowance......................................... (23,250,000)
Committee recommendation
(23,250,000)
subsidy appropriations--direct loans
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $64,400,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 40,000,000
House allowance......................................... 35,000,000
Committee recommendation
60,000,000
(estimated loan program)
Appropriations, 1996.................................... ($544,000,000)
Budget estimate, 1997................................... (370,028,000)
House allowance......................................... (323,815,000)
Committee recommendation
(540,000,000)
The Committee recommends a total program level of
$3,284,000,000 for the Foreign Military Financing Program. Of
this amount, $3,224,000,000 are for military grants, including
an earmarked $1,800,000,000 for Israel, and $1,300,000,000 for
Egypt. As provided in previous years, funds appropriated for
Israel must be disbursed within 30 days of enactment of this
act, or by October 1, 1996.
NATO EXPANSION
The Committee has provided strong support in the past for
the President's initiative to provide equipment and resources
to enhance the military interoperability of NATO members and
nations involved in the Partnership for Peace. However, the
Committee believes the time has come to concentrate resources
on the most likely immediate candidates for admission to NATO
and has provided a total of $50,000,000 in grants and loans to
accomplish this goal. The Committee has designated Poland,
Hungary, and the Czech Republic eligible to receive assistance
under prior legislation regarding NATO expansion. The Committee
expects the administration to continue to fund Partnership for
Peace programs to strengthen the military capabilities of
potential candidates, including the Baltic nations, Ukraine,
and Armenia. The United States has a vital interest in
extending the stabilizing influence of NATO to include the new
democracies in central Europe and the NIS.
GREECE and TURKEY
The Committee supports the House provision which maintains
the balance of military assistance to Greece and Turkey at a
ratio of 7 to 10.
TURKEY
The Committee reaffirms its strong support for Turkey, a
staunch and reliable NATO ally, and notes the extraordinary
contribution that Turkey has made in support of Operation
Provide Comfort.
In 1994, the Committee received a report from the Secretary
of State in consultation with the Secretary of Defense,
indicating incidents of misuse of U.S. military aircraft and
helicopters in attacks against Kurdish villages. The Committee
requests that an updated report on this subject be provided by
June 1, 1997, including a description of efforts by the
administration to monitor end-use of United States military
aircraft, including helicopters, in Turkey.
LANDMINES
The Committee again includes language permitting demining
equipment to be made available on a grant basis to foreign
countries. The Committee strongly supports continued use of FMF
funds for activities to assist in locating and destroying
unexploded landmines and ordnance that maim and kill innocent
people around the world.
The following table details the amounts provided for the
Foreign Military Financing Program in constant and current
dollars and amounts of U.S. military export sales:
FOREIGN MILITARY FINANCING PROGRAM FISCAL YEARS 1985-97
[In millions of dollars]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Constant fiscal year 1997 Current
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FMF grants/ FMF grants/
Treasury Concessional forgiven MAP grants Total Treasury Concessional forgiven MAP grants Total
rate loans rate loans loans rate loans rate loans loans
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fiscal year:
1985.................................................... 2,388.48 922.50 3,634.95 1,146.39 8,092.32 1,692.00 653.50 2,575.00 812.10 5,732.60
1986.................................................... 1,475.63 1,207.60 4,084.11 1,092.92 7,860.27 1,071.90 877.20 2,966.70 793.90 5,709.70
1987.................................................... ........... 1,272.60 4,137.70 1,250.30 6,660.60 ........... 953.40 3,100.00 936.70 4,990.10
1988.................................................... ........... 982.40 4,230.70 896.70 6,109.80 ........... 763.00 3,286.00 696.50 4,745.50
1989.................................................... ........... 508.00 4,785.00 569.70 5,862.70 ........... 410.00 3,862.00 459.80 4,731.80
1990.................................................... ........... 486.30 5,241.10 ........... 5,727.40 ........... 404.00 4,353.80 ........... 4,757.80
1991.................................................... ........... 548.90 4,841.90 ........... 5,390.80 ........... 477.90 4,215.40 ........... 4,693.30
1992.................................................... ........... 389.10 4,431.60 ........... 4,820.70 ........... 345.00 3,929.50 ........... 4,274.50
1993.................................................... ........... 936.40 3,578.80 ........... 4,515.20 ........... 855.20 3,268.50 ........... 4,123.70
1994.................................................... 823.00 ............ 3,366.60 ........... 4,189.60 769.50 ............ 3,147.80 ........... 3,917.30
1995.................................................... 584.80 ............ 3,308.10 ........... 3,892.90 557.69 ............ 3,154.56 ........... 3,712.25
1996 estimate........................................... 557.70 ............ 3,361.10 ........... 3,918.80 544.00 ............ 3,278.39 ........... 3,822.39
1997 request............................................ 370.03 ............ 3,228.25 ........... 3,598.28 370.03 ............ 3,228.25 ........... 3,598.28
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Special Defense Acquisition Fund
The Committee recommends no new obligational authority for
the special defense acquisition fund [SDAF] for fiscal year
1997. The language included in the fiscal year 1993 bill, which
requires that all receipts into the fund be returned to the
Treasury, remains in effect and will reduce the deficit by
approximately $166,000,000 in fiscal year 1997.
Peacekeeping Operations
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $70,000,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 70,000,000
House allowance......................................... 65,000,000
Committee recommendation
65,000,000
The Committee recommends an appropriation of $65,000,000, a
reduction from the request of $70,000,000. Although the account
is designed to afford the administration a measure of
flexibility to respond to emerging problems, the Committee has
not been satisfied with the administration's record in
fulfilling commitments. To that end, the Committee has
continued bill language which requires notification before any
of the funds provided for this account may be obligated or
expended.
TITLE IV
MULTILATERAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE
International Financial Institutions Summary
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $1,153,263,669
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 1,432,568,810
House allowance......................................... 800,529,000
Committee recommendation
912,154,710
The Committee recommends the total level of paid-in capital
funding shown above for the international financial
institutions funded by this bill--the International Bank for
Reconstruction and Development, the International Development
Association, the International Finance Corporation, the Inter-
American Development Bank, the Asian Development Bank and Fund,
the African Development Bank and Fund, the European Bank for
Reconstruction and Development, the North American Development
Bank, and the enhanced structural adjustment facility of the
International Monetary Fund.
Unfortunately, given the size of the international
institutional requests, budget pressures have compelled
reductions in virtually every account. The Committee urges the
administration to consult carefully before concluding
negotiations for replenishment of institutional resources.
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
Although no funds have been requested for the IBRD, the
Committee supports the Bank's ongoing efforts to respond to
women living in poverty. The Committee urges the Bank to give
greater preference in funding allocations to governments that
demonstrate a strong commitment to poverty alleviation,
including a commitment to invest in activities which assure
women equal access to land, credit and agricultural extension
services.
global environment facility
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $35,000,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 100,000,000
House allowance......................................... 30,000,000
Committee recommendation
35,000,000
The Committee recommends $35,000,000 for the Global
Environment Facility [GEF] consistent with last year's level.
Although the facility continues to be a high priority for the
Congress and the administration, budget pressures have prompted
the reduction. The Committee believes the restructured GEF will
play a central role in addressing the most serious threats to
the Earth's environment, particularly to combat ocean
pollution, ozone depletion, and the loss of biodiversity,
especially as bilateral sources of funding decline.
Tables reflecting U.S. contributions to the World Bank, as
well as the current replenishment of these resources, follow:
ACTUAL U.S. SUBSCRIPTIONS
[Dollars in millions]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S.
Through fiscal year 1996 Total U.S. share percent of
total
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Paid-in.......................... $10,858 $1,964.4 18.1
Callable......................... 165,580 28,869.0 17.4
Global Environment Facility...... ........... 155.0 ...........
--------------------------------------
Total...................... 176,438 30,988.0 17.5
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CURRENT REPLENISHMENT
[Dollars in millions]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
United
States as a Appropriated Appropriated
Through fiscal year 1996 Total U.S. share percent of U.S. share percent of
total U.S. share
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Restructured GEF (1994)...................... $2,022.5 $430.0 21.8 $155.0 36.0
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
International Development Association
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $700,000,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 934,503,100
House allowance......................................... 525,000,000
Committee recommendation
626,000,000
The Committee has provided $626,000,000 for the interim
trust fund to be administered by the International Development
Association [IDA]. During negotiations over U.S. arrears and
the next replenishment of IDA, the administration voted to
support a proposal segregating $3,300,000,000 into an account
which banned procurement competition for U.S. companies and
suppliers. Historically, the United States has adamantly
opposed efforts to establish procurement restrictions.
The United States has consistently been the single largest
donor to IDA, yet at no point has sought to offer any advantage
to American corporations by establishing procurement ratios
proportional to contribution. The Committee believes the U.S.
long-term commitment and replenishments should be relevant to
any discussion concerning arrears. Moreover, as all donors are
aware, replenishments are provided subject to the availability
and approval of funds.
The Committee expects its treatment of this matter will
prompt the administration to renegotiate and remove any
restrictions on U.S. suppliers.
The Committee also notes deep concern about the
administration's apparent new commitment to a level of
$800,000,000 for IDA-11. The Committee warned the
administration to consult prior to entering into any
commitment. This commitment substantially exceeds funding
provided last year, a level which the Committee notes was only
made available after the President made a personal appeal to
the conferees.
Tables reflecting U.S. contributions to the IDA, as well as
the current replenishment of these resources, follow:
ACTUAL CONTRIBUTIONS
[Dollars in millions]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S.
Through fiscal year 1995 Total U.S. share percent of
total
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contribution..................... $92,891.1 $21,831.5 23.5
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CURRENT REPLENISHMENT
[Dollars in millions]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
United
States as a Appropriated Appropriated
Through fiscal year 1995 Total U.S. share percent of U.S. share percent of
total U.S. share
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9th replenishment............................ $14,725 $3,180 21.6 $3,106.2 97.7
10th replenishment........................... 18,100 3,750 20.9 2,815.5 75.1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
International Finance Corporation
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $60,900,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 6,656,000
House allowance......................................... 6,656,000
Committee recommendation
6,656,000
The Committee recommends an appropriation of $6,656,000 for
a U.S. contribution to the International Finance Corporation
[IFC].
The Committee strongly supports the IFC, which was
established to encourage economic growth in developing member
countries by promoting private investment. The IFC's main role
is to make medium- and long-term loans and equity investments
at market-determined rates without Government guarantees to
support private sector projects.
Like the House, the Committee believes the IFC should adopt
environmental assessment procedures which are comparable to the
other international financial institutions.
Inter-American Development Bank
interregional paid-in capital
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $25,952,110
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 25,610,667
House allowance......................................... 25,610,667
Committee recommendation
25,610,667
limitation on callable capital
Appropriations, 1996....................................($1,523,767,142)
Budget estimate, 1997................................... (1,503,718,910)
House allowance......................................... (1,503,718,910)
Committee recommendation
(1,503,718,910)
fund for special operations
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $10,000,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 31,411,000
House allowance......................................... 10,000,000
Committee recommendation
10,000,000
Enterprise for the americas multilateral investment fund
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $53,750,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 27,500,000
House allowance......................................... 27,500,000
Committee recommendation
27,500,000
The Committee recommends an appropriation of $25,610,667,
the budget request for paid-in capital together with
$1,503,718,910 in callable capital and $27,500,000 for the
Enterprise for the Americas Multilateral Investment Fund. The
Committee recommends an appropriation of $10,000,000 for the
Fund for Special Operations.
Tables reflecting U.S. contributions to the IDB, as well as
the current replenishment of these resources, follow:
ACTUAL U.S. SUBSCRIPTIONS
[Dollars in millions]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S.
Through calendar year 1994 Total U.S. share percent of
total
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Paid-in.......................... $3,338.7 $1,149.4 34.4
Callable......................... 57,524.9 19,984.4 34.7
FSO.............................. 8,675.0 4,715.9 54.4
IIC.............................. 200.0 51.0 25.5
--------------------------------------
Total...................... 69,738.6 26,900.7 37.1
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CURRENT REPLENISHMENT (IDB-8)
[Dollars in millions]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
United
States as a Appropriated Appropriated
Through fiscal year 1995 Total U.S. share percent of U.S. share percent of
total U.S. share
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IDB-8:
Paid-in.................................. $1,000 $153.6 30.0 $54.1 35.2
Callable................................. 39,000 9,022.3 30.0 3,118.4 34.6
FSO...................................... 1,000 82.3 8.2 31.3 38.1
------------------------------------------------------------------
Total.................................. 41,000 9,258.2 ........... 3,203.8 34.6
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Asian Development Bank
PAID-IN CAPITAL
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $13,221,596
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 13,221,596
House allowance......................................... 13,221,596
Committee recommendation
13,221,596
LIMITATION ON CALLABLE CAPITAL
Appropriations, 1996.................................... ($647,858,204)
Budget estimate, 1997................................... (647,858,204)
House allowance......................................... (647,858,204)
Committee recommendation
(647,858,204)
The Committee recommends the provision of $13,221,596 in
paid-in capital and $647,858,204 in callable capital, the
amounts requested by the administration. This appropriation
represents the second installment of the 6-year capital
subscription to the fourth general capital increase of this
institution.
Asian Development Fund
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $100,000,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 100,000,000
House allowance......................................... 100,000,000
Committee recommendation
100,000,000
The Committee recommends an appropriation of $100,000,000
for the soft-loan window of the Asian Development Bank, known
as the Asian Development Fund [ADF].
The Committee supports the operations of the Asian
Development Fund and regrets the administration did not request
full funding for the arrears. Asian markets are a high priority
for the United States. The Committee urges the administration
to provide funding for the Bank and Fund comparable with the
region's importance.
Tables reflecting U.S. contributions to the ADB, as well as
the current replenishment of these resources, follow:
ACTUAL SUBSCRIPTIONS/CONTRIBUTIONS
[Dollars in millions]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S.
Through calendar year 1995 Total U.S. share percent of
total
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Paid-in.......................... $3,435.3 $492.8 14.3
Callable......................... 39,642.6 3,611.5 9.1
Asian Development Fund........... 19,039.5 2,087.9 11.0
--------------------------------------
Total...................... 62,117.4 6,192.2 10.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CURRENT REPLENISHMENT (ADB-GCI-IV, ADF-VI)
[Dollars in millions]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
United
States as a Appropriated Appropriated
Through fiscal year 1996 Total U.S. share percent of U.S. share percent of
total U.S. share
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fourth general capital increase:
Paid-in.................................. $427.1 $66.6 16.0 $13.2 19.8
Callable................................. 20,931.3 3,264.2 16.0 647.9 19.8
Fifth replenishment (1991): Asian Development
Fund (VI)................................... 4,200.0 680.0 16.2 343.0 50.4
------------------------------------------------------------------
Total.................................. 25,558.4 4,010.8 15.7 1,004.0 25.0
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
African Development Bank and Fund
African Development Bank
paid-in capital
Appropriations, 1996....................................................
Budget estimate, 1997................................... $16,000,000
House allowance.........................................................
Committee recommendation
...........................
limitation on callable capital
Appropriations, 1996....................................................
Budget estimate, 1997................................... ($112,000,000)
House allowance.........................................................
Committee recommendation
...........................
african development fund
Appropriations, 1996....................................................
Budget estimate, 1997................................... $50,000,000
House allowance.........................................................
Committee recommendation
...........................
The Committee concurs with the House recommendation that no
funding be provided to the African Development Fund. There are
a number of significant issues outstanding with regard to the
current replenishment, including financial accountability,
which must be addressed before the Committee will entertain
funding requests for this institution.
Tables reflecting U.S. contributions to the AFDF, as well
as the current replenishment of these resources, follow:
ACTUAL CONTRIBUTIONS
[Dollars in millions]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S.
Through calendar year 1995 Total U.S. share percent of
total
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contribution..................... $9,737 $1,295 13.3
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CURRENT REPLENISHMENT (AFDF-7)
[Dollars in millions]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
United
States as a Appropriated Appropriated
Through fiscal year 1997 Total U.S. share percent of U.S. share percent of
total U.S. share
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7th replenishment............................ $1,600 $200 10.0 ............ ............
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
paid-in capital
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $70,000,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 11,916,447
House allowance......................................... 11,916,447
Committee recommendation
11,916,447
limitation on callable capital
Appropriations, 1996.................................... ($163,333,333)
Budget estimate, 1997................................... (27,805,043)
House allowance......................................... (27,805,043)
Committee recommendation
(27,805,043)
The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development is
playing an important role in central and Eastern Europe and the
former Soviet Union. The Committee notes that this institution
is living up to its original commitments that it would
emphasize private sector projects in the region. However, the
Committee is concerned about the increase in reports that U.S.
companies and suppliers are not receiving fair consideration of
bid proposals. The Committee requests the Secretary of Treasury
to submit a report 180 days after enactment of the fiscal year
1997 bill, identifying the amount of all contracts and
nationality of corporate recipient.
Tables reflecting U.S. contributions to the EBRD, as well
as the current replenishment of these resources, follow:
ACTUAL U.S. SUBSCRIPTIONS
[Dollars in millions]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S.
Through calendar year 1995 Total U.S. share percent of
total
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Paid-in.......................... $3,316.9 $268.2 8
Callable......................... 8,074.0 625.8 8
--------------------------------------
Total...................... 11,390.9 894.0 8
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CURRENT REPLENISHMENT
[Dollars in millions]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
United
States as a Appropriated Appropriated
Through fiscal year 1996 Total U.S. share percent of U.S. share percent of
total U.S. share
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Paid-in...................................... $3,501 $350.1 10 $338.2 97
Callable..................................... 8,169 816.9 10 789.1 97
------------------------------------------------------------------
Total.................................. 11,670 1,167.0 10 1,127.3 97
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
North American Development Bank
paid-in capital
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $56,250,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 56,250,000
House allowance......................................... 50,625,000
Committee recommendation
56,250,000
limitation on callable capital
Appropriations, 1996.................................... ($318,750,000)
Budget estimate, 1997................................... (318,750,000)
House allowance......................................... (318,750,000)
Committee recommendation
(318,750,000)
Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility of the International Monetary
Fund
Appropriations, 1996....................................................
Budget estimate, 1997................................... $7,000,000
House allowance.........................................................
Committee recommendation
...........................
Budgetary constraints require the Committee to concur with
the House recommendation that no funding be provided for this
facility in fiscal year 1997. The Committee believes that other
institutions, particularly the International Development
Association, along with regular IMF programs can provide
support for programs intended to be funded under this facility.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Voluntary Contributions to International Organizations and Programs
Appropriations, 1996.................................... $285,000,000
Budget estimate, 1997................................... 325,000,000
House allowance......................................... 136,000,000
Committee recommendation
295,000,000
The Committee recommends a total of $295,000,000 for this
account. The administration requested $325,000,000. However,
included in this requested amount is a total of $61,000,000
which the administration had requested for KEDO and IAEA, and
for which the Committee has provided funding under a different
account. Therefore, the Committee's recommendation represents
an increase of $31,000,000 over the requested level. The
Committee intends that most of this increase be provided to
UNDP to compensate for the disproportionate cut in funding it
received last year.
united nations voluntary fund for victims of torture
The United Nations Voluntary Fund for Victims of Torture
provides modest financial grants to treatment programs for
victims of torture. These programs provide medical and
psychological services to victims both in countries of refuge
and in the victim's country of origin. Programs exist in
California, Illinois, Minnesota, and New York. Most U.S.
programs receive or are applying for assistance from the
voluntary fund.
Therefore, the Committee recommends that the administration
continue the U.S. contribution to the voluntary fund in fiscal
year 1997 at its current level. The Committee also urges the
Department of State to undertake diplomatic activity to
encourage other governments to increase their own
contributions.
preserving the environment
The Committee recognizes the importance of international
environmental organizations and programs as crucial to
protecting the health and environment of the American people.
The Committee urges that adequate funding be provided for these
activities.
TITLE V
GENERAL PROVISIONS
The following explains changes the Committee is
recommending to the general provisions contained in previous
law, as well as new provisions recommended by the Committee:
Section 506 amends current law by referring to the new
``Nonproliferation, antiterrorism, demining and related
programs'' account in lieu of ``International organizations and
programs''.
Section 510 amends current law by updating the current
provision.
Section 513 amends current law by deleting a proviso
permitting the Chairman of the Export-Import Bank to make a
determination with regard to financing for the expansion or
establishment of production of commodities that are in surplus
on the world market, the financing of which may cause
substantial injury to U.S. producers of the same, similar, or
competing commodity.
Section 515 amends current law by reconciling the list of
accounts to the account structure in the act, by adding the
Export-Import Bank to the list of accounts subject to
notification, and by relating prior notifications to the
authorization of funds.
Section 516 amends current law by updating the current
provision.
Section 519 is a new provision that: (1) restates current
prohibitions on abortion funding, (2) prohibits funding for
abortion lobbying, and (3) requires that in determining
eligibility for population planning assistance funds,
nongovernmental and multilateral organizations shall not be
subjected to requirements more restrictive than those
applicable to foreign governments.
Section 521 amends current law to revise the list of
countries for special notification by deleting the Dominican
Republic, Nicaragua, Peru, and Russia. The requirement for
special notification of activities for Russia is contained
elsewhere in the act.
Section 525 amends current law by extending the current
provision regarding reciprocal leasing for another year.
Section 537 amends current law by updating the current
provision.
Section 538 amends current law by extending the limitations
regarding excess defense articles for the Mediterranean for
another year.
Section 542 amends current law to allow the President to
direct the transfer of Department of Defense services and
commodities to the Government of Bosnia and Heregovina in an
aggregate amount during fiscal years 1996 and 1997 of
$100,000,000. The section also deletes policy language that has
since been overtaken by events.
Section 544 amends current law by prohibiting the
obligation of funds contained in this act, as well as the
obligation and expenditure of prior year funds, for any country
or organization that the Secretary of State determines is
cooperating, tactically or strategically, with the Khmer Rouge
in their military operations, or to the military of any country
that is not acting vigorously to prevent its members from
facilitating the export of timber from Cambodia by the Khmer
Rouge. In addition, the Secretary is to submit two reports to
the Committees on Appropriations that are to contain his
conclusions as to whether there are any such countries,
organizations, or militaries, and the reasons why he has come
to the conclusion that there are or are not countries,
organizations, or militaries for which assistance is prohibited
because of the operation of this provision. This section also
amends current law by updating the current provision.
Section 547 amends current law by updating the current
provision.
Section 550 amends current law by updating the current
provision, by adding certain countries eligible for assistance
under the Partnership for Peace to be eligible to receive
excess defense articles, and to repeal the sunset provision for
this authority in current law.
Section 558 amends current law by updating statutory
citations.
Section 561 amends current law by continuing the authority
regarding crating, packing, handling, and transportation of
nonlethal excess defense articles and makes the authority
available for all excess defense articles transferred to
certain countries eligible to participate in the Partnership
for Peace.
Section 562 amends current law by extending the moratorium
period contained in current law.
Section 563 amends current law by making this limitation
notwithstanding any other provision of law.
Section 566 amends current law by making permanent the
current prohibition on assistance to countries that restrict
the transport or delivery of U.S. humanitarian assistance.
Section 569 is a new provision that requires the President
to impose certain economic sanctions on Burma.
The Committee has retained two provisions from last year's
bill sections 570 and 571, to authorize debt reduction for the
poorest of the poor and to extend a program under which
qualified Caribbean Basin and Latin American countries can buy
back their debt from the United States at no budget costs. The
Committee believes that such programs represent creative, and
cost-efficient ways, of reducing burdensome debt levels, a
hindrance to economic growth in many developing countries. The
Committee is particularly pleased to note that several
countries--including Jamaica, a successful participant in the
Enterprise for the Americas Initiative--are working with the
administration to gain access to the debt buyback program.
Section 575 is a new provision that requires that,
beginning in fiscal year 1997, all United States Government
publications shall refer to the capital of Israel as Jerusalem.
Section 576 amends current law to extend for another year
the authority to adjust the status of certain aliens.
Section 577 is a new provision which requires U.S. ED's to
the MDB's to oppose loans to governments which do not provide
audits of their military budgets to the institutions.
Section 578 is a new provision that requires the denial of
a visa to the senior official of a government receiving aid
under the act if the Secretary of State has credible evidence
that the official has committed a gross violation of an
internationally recognized human right.
Section 579 is a new provision regarding the budget
treatment for fiscal year 1997 of certain guarantees contained
in the Fiscal Year 1993 Foreign Operations Appropriations Act.
COMPLIANCE WITH PARAGRAPH 7, RULE XVI OF THE STANDING RULES OF THE
SENATE
Rule XVI, paragraph 7 requires that every report on a
general appropriation bill filed by the Committee must identify
each recommended amendment, with particularity, which proposes
an item of appropriation which is not made to carry out the
provisions of an existing law, a treaty stipulation, or an act
or resolution previously passed by the Senate during that
session.
Several items provide funding for fiscal year 1997 which
are either over Senate-passed authorization or lack
authorization altogether. Those items are as follows:
Export-Import Bank tied-aid grants...................... $50,000,000
Development assistance, including Inter-American
Foundation, African Development Foundation,
population assistance............................... 1,700,000,000
International disaster assistance....................... 190,000,000
Debt restructuring...................................... 27,000,000
Micro and Small Enterprise Development Program.......... 2,000,000
Housing Guaranty Program................................ 10,000,000
AID operating expenses.................................. 495,000,000
AID operating expenses, Office of Inspector General..... 28,000,000
Economic support fund................................... 2,340,000,000
Assistance for Eastern Europe and the Baltics........... 475,000,000
Assistance for the New Independent States of the former
Soviet Union........................................ 640,000,000
Peace Corps............................................. 205,000,000
International narcotics control......................... 160,000,000
Migration and refugee assistance........................ 650,000,000
Nonproliferation, antiterrorism, demining, and related
programs............................................ 140,000,000
International military education and training........... 40,000,000
Foreign Military Financing Program...................... 3,284,000,000
Peacekeeping operations................................. 65,000,000
Global environment facility............................. 35,000,000
Interim trust fund at the International Development
Association......................................... 626,000,000
International organizations and programs................ 295,000,000
Trade and Development Agency............................ 40,000,000
COMPLIANCE WITH PARAGRAPH 7(C), RULE XXVI OF THE STANDING RULES OF THE
SENATE
Pursuant to paragraph 7(c) of rule XXVI, the accompanying
bill was ordered reported from the Committee, subject to
amendment and subject to appropriate scoring, by recorded vote
of 27-0, a quorum being present.
Yeas Nays
Chairman Hatfield
Mr. Cochran
Mr. Specter
Mr. Domenici
Mr. Bond
Mr. Gorton
Mr. McConnell
Mr. Mack
Mr. Burns
Mr. Shelby
Mr. Jeffords
Mr. Gregg
Mr. Bennett
Mr. Campbell
Mr. Byrd
Mr. Inouye
Mr. Hollings
Mr. Johnston
Mr. Leahy
Mr. Bumpers
Mr. Lautenberg
Mr. Harkin
Ms. Mikulski
Mr. Reid
Mr. Kerrey
Mr. Kohl
Mrs. Murray
COMPLIANCE WITH PARAGRAPH 12, RULE XXVI OF THE STANDING RULES OF THE
SENATE
Paragraph 12 of rule XXVI requires that Committee report on
a bill or joint resolution repealing or amending any statute or
part of any statute include ``(a) the text of the statute or
part thereof which is proposed to be repealed; and (b) a
comparative print of that part of the bill or joint resolution
making the amendment and of the statute or part thereof
proposed to be amended, showing by stricken-through type and
italics, parallel columns, or other appropriate typographical
devices the omissions and insertions which would be made by the
bill or joint resolution if enacted in the form recommended by
the committee.''
In compliance with this rule, the following changes in
existing law proposed to be made by the bill are shown as
follows: existing law to be omitted is enclosed in black
brackets, new matter is printed in italic, and existing law in
which no change is proposed is shown in roman.
reciprocal leasing
The accompanying bill would amend section 61(a) of the Arms
Export Control Act or extend the leasing authority of that
section, as follows:
Sec. 61. Leasing Authority.--(a) The President may lease
defense articles in the stocks of the Department of Defense to
an eligible foreign country or international organization if--
(1) he determines that there are compelling foreign
policy and national security reasons for providing such
articles on a lease basis rather than on a sales basis
under this Act;
(2) he determines that the articles are not for the
time needed for public use; and
(3) the country or international organization has
agreed to pay in United States dollars all costs
incurred by the United States Government in leasing
such articles, including reimbursement for depreciation
of such articles while leased, the costs of restoration
or replacement cost (less any depreciation in the
value) if the articles are lost or destroyed while
leased.
The requirement for paragraph (3) shall not apply to leases
entered into for purposes of cooperative research or
development, military exercises, or communications or
electronics interface projects, or to any defense article which
has passed three-quarters of its normal service life.
The President may waive the requirement of paragraph (3)
with respect to a lease which is made in exchange with the
lessee for a lease on substantially reciprocal terms of defense
articles for the Department of Defense, except that this waiver
authority--
(A) may be exercised only if the President submits to
the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on
Appropriations of the House of Representatives and the
Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on
Appropriations of the Senate, in accordance with the
regular notification procedures of those Committees, a
detailed notification for each lease with respect to
which the authority is exercised; and
(B) may be exercised only during the fiscal year
[1996] 1997 and only with respect to one country,
unless the Congress hereafter provides otherwise.
excess defense articles
The accompanying bill would amend section 516 of the
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 and section 31 of the Arms
Export control Act with regard to excess defense articles, as
follows:
Sec. 516. Modernization of Defense Capabilities of
Countries of NATO's Southern Flank.--(a) Authority To Transfer
Excess Defense Articles.--Notwithstanding any other provision
of law and subject to subsection (b), the President may
transfer (1) to those member countries of the North Atlantic
Treaty Organization (NATO) on the southern flank of NATO which
are eligible for United States security assistance and which
are integrated into NATO's military structure, (2) to major
non-NATO allies on the southern and southeastern flank of NATO
which are eligible for United States security assistance, and
(3) to those countries which, as of October 1, 1990,
contributed armed forces to deter Iraqi aggression in the
Arabian Gulf, and which either received Foreign Military
Financing (FMF) assistance in fiscal year 1990 or are in the
Near East Region and received Foreign Military Financing (FMF)
assistance in fiscal year 1991 or fiscal year 1992, such excess
defense articles as the President determines necessary to help
modernize the defense capabilities of such countries. Such
excess defense articles may be transferred without cost to the
recipient countries. Transfers to recipient countries under
this subsection shall be consistent with the policy framework
for the Eastern Mediterranean region established in section
620C of this Act.
(b) Limitations on Transfers.--The President may transfer
excess defense articles under this section only if--
(1) the equipment is drawn from existing stocks of
the Department of Defense;
(2) no funds available to the Department of Defense
for the procurement of defense equipment are expended
in connection with the transfer;
(3) the President determines that the transfer of the
excess defense articles will not have an adverse impact
on the military readiness of the United States; and
(4) the President first considers the effects of the
transfer of the excess defense articles on the national
technology and industrial base, particularly the
extent, if any, to which the transfer reduces the
opportunities of entities in the national technology
and industrial base to sell new equipment to the
country or countries to which the excess defense
articles are transferred.
(c) Notification to Committees of Congress.--The President
may not transfer excess defense articles under this section
until 30 days after he has notified the Committees on Armed
Services and Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committees
on Armed Services and Foreign Affairs of the House of
Representatives of the proposed transfer. This notification
shall include a certification of the need for the transfer and
an assessment of the impact of the transfer on the military
readiness of the United States.
(d) Waiver of Requirement for Reimbursement of DOD
Expenses.--Section 632(d) shall not apply with respect to
transfers of excess defense articles under this section.
(e) Definition.--As used in subsection (a), the term
``member countries of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
(NATO) on the southern flank of NATO'' means Greece, Italy,
Portugal, Spain, and Turkey.
[(f) Duration of Authority.--The authority of this section
shall be effective during fiscal years 1992 through 1996.]
Sec. 31. Authorization and Aggregate Ceiling on Foreign
Military Sales Credits.--(a) There are authorized to be
appropriated to the President to carry out this Act
$5,371,000,000 for fiscal year 1986 and $5,371,000,000 for
fiscal year 1987. Credits may not be extended under section 23
of this Act in an amount, and loans may not be guaranteed under
section 24(a) of this Act in a principal amount, which exceeds
any maximum amount which may be established with respect to
such credits or such loan guarantees in legislation
appropriating funds to carry out this Act. Unobligated balances
of funds made available pursuant to this section are hereby
authorized to be continued available by appropriations
legislation to carry out this Act.
(b) (1) The total amount of credits extended under section
23 of this Act shall not exceed $5,371,000,000 for fiscal year
1986 and $5,371,000,000 for fiscal year 1987.
(2) Of the aggregate amount of financing provided under
this section, not more than $553,900,000 for fiscal year 1986
and not more than $553,900,000 for fiscal year 1987 may be made
available at concessional rates of interest. If a country is
released from its contractual liability to repay the United
States Government with respect to financing provided under this
section, such financing shall not be considered to be financing
provided at concessional rates of interest for purposes of the
limitation established by this paragraph.
(c) For fiscal year 1986 and fiscal year 1987, the
principal amount of credits provided under section 23 at market
rates of interest with respect to Greece, the Republic of
Korea, the Philippines, Portugal, Spain, Thailand, and Turkey
shall (if and to the extent each country so desires) be repaid
in not more than twenty years, following a grace period of ten
years on repayment of principal.
(d) The aggregate acquisition cost to the United States of
excess defense articles ordered by the President in any fiscal
year after fiscal year 1976 for delivery to foreign countries
or international organizations under the authority of chapter 2
of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 [or pursuant
to sales under this Act] may not exceed $250,000,000 (exclusive
of ships and their onboard stores and supplies transferred in
accordance with law, and of any defense articles with respect
to which the President submits a certification under section
36(b) of this Act).
landmines
The accompanying bill would amend section 1365(c) of the
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1993, as
follows:
(a) Findings.--* * *.
(b) Statement of Policy.--* * *.
(c) Moratorium on Transfers of Anti-Personnel Landmines
Abroad.--[During the five-year period beginning on October 23,
1992] During the eight-year period beginning on October 23,
1992.--
(1) no sale may be made or financed, no transfer may
be made, and no license for export may be issued, under
the Arms Export control Act, with respect to any anti-
personnel landmine; and
(2) no assistance may be provided under the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961, with respect to the provision
of any anti-personnel landmine.
(d) Definition.--* * *.
humanitarian assistance
The accompanying bill would amend the Foreign Assistance
Act of 1961, by adding the following new section:
``Sec. 620I. Prohibition on Assistance to Countries
That Restrict United States Humanitarian Assistance.--
``(a) Prohibition.--No assistance shall be
furnished under this Act or the Arms Export
control Act to any country when it is made known
to the President that the government of such
country prohibits or otherwise restricts,
directly or indirectly, the transport or
delivery of United States humanitarian
assistance.
``(b) Exception.--Assistance may be furnished
without regard to the prohibition contained in
subsection (a) if the President determines that
to do so is in the national security interest of
the United States.''
guarantees
The accompanying bill would amend section 251(b)(2) of the
Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, as
amended, as shown:
SEC. 251. ENFORCING DISCRETIONARY SPENDING LIMITS.
* * * * * * *
(b) Adjustments to Discretionary Spending Limits.--* * *.
* * * * * * *
(2) When OMB submits a sequestration report under section
254(g) or (h) for fiscal year 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995,
1996, 1997, or 1998 (except as otherwise indicated), OMB shall
calculate (in the order set forth below), and the sequestration
report, and subsequent budgets submitted by the President under
section 1105(a) of title 21, United States Code, shall include,
adjustments to discretionary spending limits (and those limits
as adjusted) for the fiscal year and each succeeding year
through 1998, as follows:
(A) IRS funding.--* * *.
* * * * * * *
(G) Net Guarantee Costs.--The net costs for [fiscal year
1994 and 1995] fiscal years 1994, 1995, and 1997 of the
appropriation made under section 601 of Public Law 102-391 are
not subject to the discretionary spending limits or the
Appropriations Committee's Foreign Operations Subcommittee's
602(b) allocation in [fiscal years 1994 and 1995] fiscal years
1994, 1995, and 1997.
BUDGETARY IMPACT OF BILL
PREPARED IN CONSULTATION WITH THE CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE PURSUANT TO SEC. 308(a), PUBLIC LAW 93-344, AS
AMENDED
[In millions of dollars]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Budget authority Outlays
---------------------------------------------------
Committee Amount of Committee Amount of
allocation bill allocation bill
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Comparison of amounts in the bill with Committee allocations
to its subcommittees of amounts in the First Concurrent
Resolution for 1997: Subcommittee on Foreign Operations,
Export Financing, and Related Programs:
Defense discretionary................................... ........... ........... ........... ...........
Nondefense discretionary................................ 12,250 12,246 13,311 \1\ 13,376
Violent crime reduction fund............................ ........... ........... ........... ...........
Mandatory............................................... 44 44 44 44
Projections of outlays associated with the recommendation:
1997.................................................... ........... ........... ........... \2\ 5,239
1998.................................................... ........... ........... ........... 3,721
1999.................................................... ........... ........... ........... 1,210
2000.................................................... ........... ........... ........... 762
2001 and future year.................................... ........... ........... ........... 1,044
Financial assistance to State and local governments for 1997
in bill.................................................... NA ........... NA ...........
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Includes outlays from prior-year budget authority.
\2\ Excludes outlays from prior-year budget authority.
NA: Not applicable.
NOTE: Upon enactment into law of section 579, CBO will score the bill lower by $72,000,000 in budget authority
and outlays.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF NEW BUDGET (OBLIGATIONAL) AUTHORITY FOR FISCAL YEAR 1996 AND BUDGET ESTIMATES AND AMOUNTS RECOMMENDED IN THE BILL FOR FISCAL YEAR 1997
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Senate Committee recommendation compared with (+ or -)
Item 1996 Budget estimate House allowance Committee ---------------------------------------------------------
appropriation recommendation 1996 appropriation Budget estimate House allowance
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TITLE I--EXPORT AND INVESTMENT ASSISTANCE
EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF THE UNITED STATES
Limitation on Program Activity:
Subsidy appropriations................................ $744,551,000 $736,551,000 $726,000,000 $730,000,000 -$14,551,000 -$6,551,000 +$4,000,000
Administrative expenses............................... 45,614,000 47,614,000 46,614,000 40,000,000 -5,614,000 -7,614,000 -6,614,000
Negative subsidy...................................... -89,646,000 -58,000,000 -58,000,000 -58,000,000 +31,646,000 ................. .................
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Export-Import Bank of the United States...... 700,519,000 726,165,000 714,614,000 712,000,000 +11,481,000 -14,165,000 -2,614,000
=====================================================================================================================================
OVERSEAS PRIVATE INVESTMENT CORPORATION
Administrative expenses................................... 26,000,000 32,000,000 30,000,000 32,000,000 +6,000,000 ................. +2,000,000
Insurance fees and other offsetting collections........... -202,500,000 -224,000,000 -224,000,000 -224,000,000 -21,500,000 ................. .................
Direct loans:
Loan subsidy.......................................... 4,000,000 4,000,000 4,000,000 4,000,000 .................. ................. .................
(Loan authorization).................................. (79,523,000) (80,000,000) (80,000,000) (80,000,000) (+477,000) ................. .................
Guaranteed loans:
Loan subsidy.......................................... 68,000,000 68,000,000 68,000,000 68,000,000 .................. ................. .................
(Loan authorization).................................. (1,351,900,000) (1,360,000,000) (1,360,000,000) (1,360,000,000) (+8,100,000) ................. .................
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Overseas Private Investment Corporation...... -104,500,000 -120,000,000 -122,000,000 -120,000,000 -15,500,000 ................. +2,000,000
=====================================================================================================================================
FUNDS APPROPRIATED TO THE PRESIDENT
Trade and Development Agency
Trade and development agency.............................. 40,000,000 40,000,000 38,000,000 40,000,000 .................. ................. +2,000,000
(By transfer)......................................... ................. (5,000,000) (5,000,000) (5,000,000) (+5,000,000) ................. .................
=====================================================================================================================================
Total, title I, Export and investment assistance.... 636,019,000 646,165,000 630,614,000 632,000,000 -4,019,000 -14,165,000 +1,386,000
(Loan authorizations)........................... (1,431,423,000) (1,440,000,000) (1,440,000,000) (1,440,000,000) (+8,577,000) ................. .................
=====================================================================================================================================
TITLE II--BILATERAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE
FUNDS APPROPRIATED TO THE PRESIDENT
Agency for International Development
Sustainable development assistance........................ ................. 1,006,000,000 ................. ................. .................. -1,006,000,000 .................
Child survival and disease programs fund.................. ................. ................. 600,000,000 ................. .................. ................. -600,000,000
Development assistance.................................... 1,675,000,000 ................. 1,150,000,000 1,290,000,000 -385,000,000 +1,290,000,000 +140,000,000
Population, Development assistance........................ ................. ................. ................. 410,000,000 +410,000,000 +410,000,000 +410,000,000
Development Fund for Africa............................... ................. 704,000,000 ................. ................. .................. -704,000,000 .................
International disaster assistance......................... 181,000,000 190,000,000 190,000,000 190,000,000 +9,000,000 ................. .................
Debt restructuring........................................ 10,000,000 47,000,000 10,000,000 27,000,000 +17,000,000 -20,000,000 +17,000,000
(By transfer)......................................... (5,000,000) ................. ................. ................. (-5,000,000) ................. .................
Micro and Small Enterprise Development program:
Subsidy appropriations................................ 1,500,000 1,500,000 1,500,000 1,500,000 .................. ................. .................
Administrative expenses............................... 500,000 500,000 500,000 500,000 .................. ................. .................
(Direct loan authorization)........................... (1,435,000) (1,000,000) (1,000,000) (1,000,000) (-435,000) ................. .................
(Guaranteed loan authorization)....................... (16,700,000) (17,000,000) (17,000,000) (17,000,000) (+300,000) ................. .................
Housing and other credit guaranty programs:
Subsidy appropriations................................ 4,000,000 5,000,000 500,000 4,000,000 .................. -1,000,000 +3,500,000
Operating expenses.................................... 7,000,000 6,000,000 6,000,000 6,000,000 -1,000,000 ................. .................
(Guaranteed loan authorization)....................... (33,700,000) (42,000,000) (10,000,000) (33,600,000) (-100,000) (-8,400,000) (+23,600,000)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subtotal, development assistance.................... 1,879,000,000 1,960,000,000 1,958,500,000 1,929,000,000 +50,000,000 -31,000,000 -29,500,000
=====================================================================================================================================
Payment to the Foreign Service Retirement and Disability
Fund..................................................... 43,914,000 43,826,000 43,826,000 43,826,000 -88,000 ................. .................
Operating expenses of the Agency for International
Development.............................................. 465,750,000 495,000,000 465,750,000 495,000,000 +29,250,000 ................. +29,250,000
(By transfer)......................................... (3,000,000) ................. ................. (5,000,000) (+2,000,000) (+5,000,000) (+5,000,000)
Operating expenses of the Agency for International
Development Office of Inspector General.................. 30,200,000 30,000,000 30,000,000 28,000,000 -2,200,000 -2,000,000 -2,000,000
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subtotal, Agency for International Development...... 2,418,864,000 2,528,826,000 2,498,076,000 2,495,826,000 +76,962,000 -33,000,000 -2,250,000
=====================================================================================================================================
Other Bilateral Economic Assistance
Economic support fund:
Camp David countries.................................. 2,015,000,000 2,015,000,000 2,015,000,000 2,015,000,000 .................. ................. .................
Other................................................. 325,000,000 393,000,000 321,000,000 325,000,000 .................. -68,000,000 +4,000,000
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subtotal, Economic support fund..................... 2,340,000,000 2,408,000,000 2,336,000,000 2,340,000,000 .................. -68,000,000 +4,000,000
=====================================================================================================================================
International fund for Ireland............................ 19,600,000 ................. 19,600,000 ................. -19,600,000 ................. -19,600,000
Assistance for Eastern Europe and the Baltic States....... 522,000,000 475,000,000 475,000,000 475,000,000 -47,000,000 ................. .................
Assistance for the New Independent States of the Soviet
Union.................................................... 641,000,000 640,000,000 590,000,000 640,000,000 -1,000,000 ................. +50,000,000
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subtotal, Other Bilateral Economic Assistance....... 3,522,600,000 3,523,000,000 3,420,600,000 3,455,000,000 -67,600,000 -68,000,000 +34,400,000
=====================================================================================================================================
Total, Agency for International Development......... 5,941,464,000 6,051,826,000 5,918,676,000 5,950,826,000 +9,362,000 -101,000,000 +32,150,000
=====================================================================================================================================
African Development Foundation
Appropriations............................................ ................. 12,500,000 11,500,000 ................. .................. -12,500,000 -11,500,000
(By transfer)......................................... (11,500,000) ................. ................. (10,500,000) (-1,000,000) (+10,500,000) (+10,500,000)
Inter-American Foundation
Appropriations............................................ ................. 20,000,000 20,000,000 ................. .................. -20,000,000 -20,000,000
(By transfer)......................................... (20,000,000) ................. ................. (18,000,000) (-2,000,000) (+18,000,000) (+18,000,000)
=====================================================================================================================================
Total, Funds Appropriated to the President.......... 5,941,464,000 6,084,326,000 5,950,176,000 5,950,826,000 +9,362,000 -133,500,000 +650,000
=====================================================================================================================================
Peace Corps
Appropriations............................................ 205,000,000 220,000,000 212,000,000 205,000,000 .................. -15,000,000 -7,000,000
(By transfer)......................................... ................. (5,000,000) (12,000,000) (12,000,000) (+12,000,000) (+7,000,000) .................
=====================================================================================================================================
Department of State
International narcotics control........................... 115,000,000 213,000,000 150,000,000 160,000,000 +45,000,000 -53,000,000 +10,000,000
(By transfer)......................................... (20,000,000) ................. ................. ................. (-20,000,000) ................. .................
Migration and refugee assistance.......................... 671,000,000 650,000,000 650,000,000 650,000,000 -21,000,000 ................. .................
Refugee resettlement assistance........................... 5,000,000 ................. 5,000,000 ................. -5,000,000 ................. -5,000,000
United States Emergency Refugee and Migration Assistance
Fund..................................................... 50,000,000 50,000,000 50,000,000 50,000,000 .................. ................. .................
Anti-terrorism assistance................................. 16,000,000 17,000,000 ................. ................. -16,000,000 -17,000,000 .................
Nonproliferation and Disarmament Fund..................... 20,000,000 20,000,000 ................. ................. -20,000,000 -20,000,000 .................
Nonproliferation and anti-terrorism....................... ................. ................. 135,000,000 140,000,000 +140,000,000 +140,000,000 +5,000,000
Counter-terrorism assistance to Israel.................... 50,000,000 50,000,000 ................. ................. -50,000,000 -50,000,000 .................
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Department of State.......................... 927,000,000 1,000,000,000 990,000,000 1,000,000,000 +73,000,000 ................. +10,000,000
=====================================================================================================================================
Total, title II, Bilateral economic assistance...... 7,073,464,000 7,304,326,000 7,152,176,000 7,155,826,000 +82,362,000 -148,500,000 +3,650,000
(By transfer)................................... (59,500,000) (5,000,000) (12,000,000) (45,500,000) (-14,000,000) (+40,500,000) (+33,500,000)
(Loan authorizations)........................... (51,835,000) (60,000,000) (28,000,000) (51,600,000) (-235,000) (-8,400,000) (+23,600,000)
=====================================================================================================================================
TITLE III--MILITARY ASSISTANCE
FUNDS APPROPRIATED TO THE PRESIDENT
International Military Education and Training............. 39,000,000 45,000,000 43,475,000 40,000,000 +1,000,000 -5,000,000 -3,475,000
=====================================================================================================================================
Foreign Military Financing Program:
Grants:
Camp David countries.............................. 3,100,000,000 3,100,000,000 3,100,000,000 3,100,000,000 .................. ................. .................
Other............................................. 178,390,000 128,250,000 122,250,000 124,000,000 -54,390,000 -4,250,000 +1,750,000
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subtotal, grants................................ 3,278,390,000 3,228,250,000 3,222,250,000 3,224,000,000 -54,390,000 -4,250,000 +1,750,000
=====================================================================================================================================
(Limitation on administrative expenses)............... (23,250,000) (23,250,000) (23,250,000) (23,250,000) .................. ................. .................
Direct concessional loans:
Subsidy appropriations............................ 64,400,000 40,000,000 35,000,000 60,000,000 -4,400,000 +20,000,000 +25,000,000
(Loan authorization).............................. (544,000,000) (370,028,000) (323,815,000) (540,000,000) (-4,000,000) (+169,972,000) (+216,185,000)
FMF program level..................................... (3,822,390,000) (3,598,278,000) (3,546,065,000) (3,764,000,000) (-58,390,000) (+165,722,000) (+217,935,000)
(By transfer)..................................... ................. ................. ................. (20,000,000) (+20,000,000) (+20,000,000) (+20,000,000)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Foreign military assistance.............. 3,342,790,000 3,268,250,000 3,257,250,000 3,284,000,000 -58,790,000 +15,750,000 +26,750,000
=====================================================================================================================================
Special Defense Acquisition Fund: Offsetting collections.. -220,000,000 -166,000,000 -166,000,000 -166,000,000 +54,000,000 ................. .................
Peacekeeping operations................................... 70,000,000 70,000,000 65,000,000 65,000,000 -5,000,000 -5,000,000 .................
=====================================================================================================================================
Total, title III, Military assistance programs...... 3,231,790,000 3,217,250,000 3,199,725,000 3,223,000,000 -8,790,000 +5,750,000 +23,275,000
(Limitation on administrative expenses)......... (23,250,000) (23,250,000) (23,250,000) (23,250,000) .................. ................. .................
(Loan authorization)............................ (544,000,000) (370,028,000) (323,815,000) (540,000,000) (-4,000,000) (+169,972,000) (+216,185,000)
=====================================================================================================================================
TITLE IV--MULTILATERAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE
FUNDS APPROPRIATED TO THE PRESIDENT
International Financial Institutions
World Bank Group
Contribution to the International Bank for Reconstruction
and Development:
Paid-in capital....................................... 28,189,963 ................. ................. ................. -28,189,963 ................. .................
(Limitation on callable capital)...................... (911,475,013) ................. ................. ................. (-911,475,013) ................. .................
Contribution to the International Finance Corporation. 60,900,000 6,656,000 6,656,000 6,656,000 -54,244,000 ................. .................
Contribution to the Global Environment Facility....... 35,000,000 100,000,000 30,000,000 35,000,000 .................. -65,000,000 +5,000,000
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, contribution to the International Bank for
Reconstruction and Development..................... (1,035,564,976) (106,656,000) (36,656,000) (41,656,000) (-993,908,976) (-65,000,000) (+5,000,000)
=====================================================================================================================================
Contribution to the International Development Association. 700,000,000 934,503,100 525,000,000 626,000,000 -74,000,000 -308,503,100 +101,000,000
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, World Bank Group............................. (1,735,564,976) (1,041,159,100) (561,656,000) (667,656,000) (-1,067,908,976) (-373,503,100) (+106,000,000)
Budget authority................................ 824,089,963 1,041,159,100 561,656,000 667,656,000 -156,433,963 -373,503,100 +106,000,000
(Limitation on callable capital)................ (911,475,013) ................. ................. ................. (-911,475,013) ................. .................
=====================================================================================================================================
Contribution to the Inter-American Development Bank:
Inter-regional paid-in capital........................ 25,952,110 25,610,667 25,610,667 25,610,667 -341,443 ................. .................
(Limitation on callable capital)...................... (1,523,767,142) (1,503,718,910) (1,503,718,910) (1,503,718,910) (-20,048,232) ................. .................
Fund for special operations........................... 10,000,000 31,411,000 10,000,000 10,000,000 .................. -21,411,000 .................
Enterprise for the Americas Multilateral Investment
Fund................................................. 53,750,000 27,500,000 27,500,000 27,500,000 -26,250,000 ................. .................
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, contribution to the Inter-American
Development Bank................................. (1,613,469,252) (1,588,240,577) (1,566,829,577) (1,566,829,577) (-46,639,675) (-21,411,000) .................
=====================================================================================================================================
Contribution to the Asian Development Bank:
Paid-in capital....................................... 13,221,596 13,221,596 13,221,596 13,221,596 .................. ................. .................
(Limitation on callable capital)...................... (647,858,204) (647,858,204) (647,858,204) (647,858,204) .................. ................. .................
Development fund...................................... 100,000,000 100,000,000 100,000,000 100,000,000 .................. ................. .................
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Total, contribution to the Asian Development Bank... (761,079,800) (761,079,800) (761,079,800) (761,079,800) .................. ................. .................
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Contribution to the African Development Fund.............. ................. 50,000,000 ................. ................. .................. -50,000,000 .................
Contribution to the African Development Bank:
Paid-in capital....................................... ................. 16,000,000 ................. ................. .................. -16,000,000 .................
(Limitation on callable capital)...................... ................. (112,000,000) ................. ................. .................. (-112,000,000) .................
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Total, contribution to the African Development Bank. ................. (128,000,000) ................. ................. .................. (-128,000,000) .................
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Contribution to the European Bank for Reconstruction and
Development:
Paid-in capital....................................... 70,000,000 11,916,447 11,916,447 11,916,447 -58,083,553 ................. .................
(Limitation on callable capital)...................... (163,333,333) (27,805,043) (27,805,043) (27,805,043) (-135,528,290) ................. .................
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Total, contribution to the European Bank for
Reconstruction and Development..................... (233,333,333) (39,721,490) (39,721,490) (39,721,490) (-193,611,843) ................. .................
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North American Development Bank:
Paid-in capital....................................... 56,250,000 56,250,000 50,625,000 56,250,000 .................. ................. +5,625,000
(Limitation on callable capital)...................... (318,750,000) (318,750,000) (318,750,000) (318,750,000) .................. ................. .................
Contribution to the Bank for Economic Cooperation and
Development in the Middle East and North Africa:
Paid-in capital....................................... ................. 52,500,000 ................. ................. .................. -52,500,000 .................
(By transfer)......................................... ................. ................. ................. ................. .................. ................. .................
(Limitation on callable capital)...................... ................. (157,500,000) ................. ................. .................. (-157,500,000) .................
International Monetary Fund
Contribution to the enhanced structural adjustment
facility................................................. ................. 7,000,000 ................. ................. .................. -7,000,000 .................
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Total, contribution to International Financial
Institutions....................................... (4,718,447,361) (4,200,200,967) (3,298,661,867) (3,410,286,867) (-1,308,160,494) (-789,914,100) (+111,625,000)
Budget authority................................ 1,153,263,669 1,432,568,810 800,529,710 912,154,710 -241,108,959 -520,414,100 +111,625,000
(Limitation on callable capital)................ (3,565,183,692) (2,767,632,157) (2,498,132,157) (2,498,132,157) (-1,067,051,535) (-269,500,000) .................
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International Organizations and Programs
International organizations and programs.................. 285,000,000 325,000,000 136,000,000 295,000,000 +10,000,000 -30,000,000 +159,000,000
(By transfer)......................................... (30,000,000) ................. ................. (30,000,000) .................. (+30,000,000) (+30,000,000)
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Total, title IV, contribution for Multilateral
Economic Assistance................................ (5,003,447,361) (4,525,200,967) (3,434,661,867) (3,705,286,867) (-1,298,160,494) (-819,914,100) (+270,625,000)
Budget authority................................ 1,438,263,669 1,757,568,810 936,529,710 1,207,154,710 -231,108,959 -550,414,100 +270,625,000
(By transfer)................................... (30,000,000) ................. ................. (30,000,000) .................. (+30,000,000) (+30,000,000)
(Limitation on callable capital)................ (3,565,183,692) (2,767,632,157) (2,498,132,157) (2,498,132,157) (-1,067,051,535) (-269,500,000) .................
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Grand total, all titles:
New budget (obligational) authority............. 12,379,536,669 12,925,309,810 11,919,044,710 12,217,980,710 -161,555,959 -707,329,100 +298,936,000
(By transfer)................................... (89,500,000) (10,000,000) (17,000,000) (100,500,000) (+11,000,000) (+90,500,000) (+83,500,000)
(Limitation on administrative expenses)......... (23,250,000) (23,250,000) (23,250,000) (23,250,000) .................. ................. .................
(Limitation on callable capital)................ (3,565,183,692) (2,767,632,157) (2,498,132,157) (2,498,132,157) (-1,067,051,535) (-269,500,000) .................
(Loan authorizations)........................... (2,027,258,000) (1,870,028,000) (1,791,815,000) (2,031,600,000) (+4,342,000) (+161,572,000) (+239,785,000)
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TITLE I--EXPORT AND INVESTMENT ASSISTANCE
Export Assistance Appropriations.......................... 928,165,000 928,165,000 912,614,000 914,000,000 -14,165,000 -14,165,000 +1,386,000
Negative Subsidies and Offsetting Collections............. -292,146,000 -282,000,000 -282,000,000 -282,000,000 +10,146,000 ................. .................
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Total, Export Assistance............................ 636,019,000 646,165,000 630,614,000 632,000,000 -4,019,000 -14,165,000 +1,386,000
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TITLE II--BILATERAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE
Bilateral Development Assistance.......................... 3,550,864,000 3,781,326,000 3,731,576,000 3,700,826,000 +149,962,000 -80,500,000 -30,750,000
Other Bilateral Economic Assistance....................... 3,522,600,000 3,523,000,000 3,420,600,000 3,455,000,000 -67,600,000 -68,000,000 +34,400,000
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Total, Bilateral Economic Assistance................ 7,073,464,000 7,304,326,000 7,152,176,000 7,155,826,000 +82,362,000 -148,500,000 +3,650,000
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TITLE III--MILITARY ASSISTANCE
Foreign Military Financing Program:
Grants................................................ 3,278,390,000 3,228,250,000 3,222,250,000 3,224,000,000 -54,390,000 -4,250,000 +1,750,000
Direct loans, subsidy costs........................... 64,400,000 40,000,000 35,000,000 60,000,000 -4,400,000 +20,000,000 +25,000,000
(Estimated level of direct loans)..................... (544,000,000) (370,028,000) (323,815,000) (540,000,000) (-4,000,000) (+169,972,000) (+216,185,000)
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Subtotal, Foreign Military Financing Program:
Budget authority................................ 3,342,790,000 3,268,250,000 3,257,250,000 3,284,000,000 -58,790,000 +15,750,000 +26,750,000
(Program level)................................. (3,822,390,000) (3,598,278,000) (3,546,065,000) (3,764,000,000) (-58,390,000) (+165,722,000) (+217,935,000)
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Other, Military........................................... 109,000,000 115,000,000 108,475,000 105,000,000 -4,000,000 -10,000,000 -3,475,000
Special Defense Acquisition Fund.......................... -220,000,000 -166,000,000 -166,000,000 -166,000,000 +54,000,000 ................. .................
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Total, Military Assistance Programs................. 3,231,790,000 3,217,250,000 3,199,725,000 3,223,000,000 -8,790,000 +5,750,000 +23,275,000
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TITLE IV--MULTILATERAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE
Contributions to International Financial Institutions..... 1,153,263,669 1,425,568,810 800,529,710 912,154,710 -241,108,959 -513,414,100 +111,625,000
International organizations and programs.................. 285,000,000 325,000,000 136,000,000 295,000,000 +10,000,000 -30,000,000 +159,000,000
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Total, contribution for Multilateral Economic Assist-
ance............................................. 1,438,263,669 1,750,568,810 936,529,710 1,207,154,710 -231,108,959 -543,414,100 +270,625,000
=====================================================================================================================================
Grand total, all titles............................. 12,379,536,669 12,925,309,810 11,919,044,710 12,217,980,710 -161,555,959 -707,329,100 +298,936,000
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